{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:11:42Z","timestamp":1789053102098,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-026-02300-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T16:27:33Z","timestamp":1782491253000},"page":"3393-3404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differential associations of childhood trauma subtypes with clinical symptoms, cognitive function, suicidal intent, and age at onset in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"276","author":[{"given":"Huiyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zejun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2300_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbl008","volume":"32","author":"J Allardyce","year":"2006","unstructured":"Allardyce J, Boydell J (2006) Review: the wider social environment and schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 32(4):592\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbl008","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01671-6","volume":"11","author":"W Bai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bai W, Liu ZH, Jiang YY, Zhang QE, Rao WW, Cheung T, Hall BJ, Xiang YT (2021) Worldwide prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide plan among people with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis and systematic review of epidemiological surveys. Transl Psychiatry 11(1):552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-021-01671-6","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2300_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbx161","volume":"44","author":"T Bailey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bailey T, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Garcia-Sanchez AM, Hulbert C, Barlow E, Bendall S (2018) Childhood Trauma Is Associated With Severity of Hallucinations and Delusions in Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Schizophr Bull 44(5):1111\u20131122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbx161","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2300_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2025.06.008","volume":"282","author":"V Baldini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baldini V, Pasquino F, De Ronchi D, Plazzi G, Pelizza L, Menchetti M (2025) Sleep disturbances in individuals with first episode psychosis and clinical high-risk states: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 282:123\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2025.06.008","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2300_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0097","volume":"76","author":"JR Baldwin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baldwin JR, Reuben A, Newbury JB, Danese A (2019) Agreement Between Prospective and Retrospective Measures of Childhood Maltreatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 76(6):584\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0097","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20233418","DOI":"10.47626\/1516-4446-2023-3418","volume":"46","author":"F Bartoli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bartoli F, Calabrese A, Moretti F, Castiglioni M, Prestifilippo L, De Pietra A, Gazzola M, Camera P, Crocamo C, Carra G, Investigators N (2024) Exploring depression in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A cross-sectional analysis of the clinical relationship with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale dimensions. Braz J Psychiatry 46:e20233418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47626\/1516-4446-2023-3418","journal-title":"Braz J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2300_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/s1389-9457(00)00065-4","volume":"2","author":"CH Bastien","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bastien CH, Vallieres A, Morin CM (2001) Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med 2(4):297\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1389-9457(00)00065-4","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2300_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/s0145-2134(02)00541-0","volume":"27","author":"DP Bernstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, Walker E, Pogge D, Ahluvalia T, Stokes J, Handelsman L, Medrano M, Desmond D, Zule W (2003) Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abuse Negl 27(2):169\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0145-2134(02)00541-0","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"2300_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.12.002","volume":"264","author":"DI Boiko","year":"2024","unstructured":"Boiko DI, Chopra H, Bilal M, Kydon PV, Herasymenko LO, Rud VO, Bodnar LA, Vasylyeva GY, Isakov RI, Zhyvotovska LV, Mehta A, Skrypnikov AM (2024) Schizophrenia and disruption of circadian rhythms: An overview of genetic, metabolic and clinical signs. Schizophr Res 264:58\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2023.12.002","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2300_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2013.863262","volume":"15","author":"S Carvalho Fernando","year":"2014","unstructured":"Carvalho Fernando S, Beblo T, Schlosser N, Terfehr K, Otte C, Lowe B, Wolf OT, Spitzer C, Driessen M, Wingenfeld K (2014) The impact of self-reported childhood trauma on emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder and major depression. J Trauma Dissociation 15(4):384\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15299732.2013.863262","journal-title":"J Trauma Dissociation"},{"key":"2300_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00329","volume":"9","author":"LLM Cassiers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cassiers LLM, Sabbe BGC, Schmaal L, Veltman DJ, Penninx B, Van Den Eede F (2018) Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities Associated With Exposure to Different Childhood Trauma Subtypes: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Findings. Front Psychiatry 9:329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00329","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04863-0","volume":"23","author":"F Cheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheng F, Shi L, Wang S, Jin Q, Xie H, Wang B, Zhang W (2023) The relationship between childhood traumatic experience and suicidal tendency in non-suicidal self-injury behavior patients. BMC Psychiatry 23(1):401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-023-04863-0","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927540","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.927540","volume":"13","author":"P Cheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng P, Ju P, Xia Q, Chen Y, Li J, Gao J, Zhang L, Yan F, Cheng X, Pei W, Chen L, Zhu C, Zhang X (2022) Childhood maltreatment increases the suicidal risk in Chinese schizophrenia patients. Front Psychiatry 13:927540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.927540","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2300_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3","volume":"9","author":"GBDMD Collaborators","year":"2022","unstructured":"Collaborators GBDMD (2022) Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Psychiatry 9(2):137\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2300_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000139","volume":"27","author":"RA Cowell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cowell RA, Cicchetti D, Rogosch FA, Toth SL (2015) Childhood maltreatment and its effect on neurocognitive functioning: Timing and chronicity matter. Dev Psychopathol 27(2):521\u2013533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579415000139","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"2300_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.17m12088","author":"Y Cui","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cui Y, Kim SW, Lee BJ, Kim JJ, Yu JC, Lee KY, Won S, Lee SH, Kim SH, Kang SH, Kim E, Piao YH, Kang NI, Chung YC (2019) Negative schema and rumination as mediators of the relationship between childhood trauma and recent suicidal ideation in patients with early psychosis. J Clin Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4088\/JCP.17m12088","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20190081","DOI":"10.47626\/2237-6089-2019-0081","volume":"44","author":"EMS De-Nardin","year":"2022","unstructured":"De-Nardin EMS, Muratori CA, Ribeiro IS, Huguete RB, Salgado JV (2022) Childhood trauma is associated with onset of symptoms, functioning and cognition in patients with schizophrenia. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 44:e20190081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47626\/2237-6089-2019-0081","journal-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother"},{"key":"2300_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2025.09.028","volume":"285","author":"GE Denaroso","year":"2025","unstructured":"Denaroso GE, Liu J, Ered A, Woodward ND, Heckers S, Sheffield JM (2025) Nonlinear associations between reported childhood trauma and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Schizophr Res 285:360\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2025.09.028","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schizbullopen\/sgad030","volume":"4","author":"R Dudley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dudley R, Turkington D, Coulthard N, Pyle M, Gumley A, Schwannauer M, Kingdon D, Morrison AP (2023) Childhood Trauma in Clozapine-Resistant Schizophrenia: Prevalence, and Relationship With Symptoms. Schizophr Bull Open 4(1):sgad030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schizbullopen\/sgad030","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull Open"},{"key":"2300_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpnec.2023.100192","volume":"15","author":"A Farcas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Farcas A, Christi P, Iftene F (2023) Cortisol and cytokines in schizophrenia: A scoping review. Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol 15:100192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpnec.2023.100192","journal-title":"Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2300_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.12.1944","volume":"156","author":"JM Gold","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gold JM, Queern C, Iannone VN, Buchanan RW (1999) Repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status as a screening test in schizophrenia I: sensitivity, reliability, and validity. Am J Psychiatry 156(12):1944\u20131950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/ajp.156.12.1944","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033430","volume":"26","author":"MF Green","year":"2000","unstructured":"Green MF, Kern RS, Braff DL, Mintz J (2000) Neurocognitive deficits and functional outcome in schizophrenia: are we measuring the \u201cright stuff\u201d? Schizophr Bull 26(1):119\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033430","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","volume":"23","author":"M Hamilton","year":"1960","unstructured":"Hamilton M (1960) A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 23(1):56\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2300_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2024.36","volume":"10","author":"Y Hao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hao Y, Peng P, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Chen S, Wu Q, Liu T, Zhang X (2024) Association between childhood maltreatment and suicidal ideation among Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia: the mediating role of insomnia. BJPsych Open 10(3):e98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2024.36","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"key":"2300_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.10.019","volume":"108","author":"P Herrero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Herrero P, Contador I, Stern Y, Fernandez-Calvo B, Sanchez A, Ramos F (2020) Influence of cognitive reserve in schizophrenia: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 108:149\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.10.019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2300_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12412","volume":"11","author":"J Immonen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Immonen J, Jaaskelainen E, Korpela H, Miettunen J (2017) Age at onset and the outcomes of schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Early Interv Psychiatry 11(6):453\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eip.12412","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10323","key":"2300_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01730-X","volume":"399","author":"S Jauhar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jauhar S, Johnstone M, McKenna PJ (2022) Schizophrenia. Lancet 399(10323):473\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01730-X","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2300_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","volume":"13","author":"SR Kay","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA (1987) The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 13(2):261\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2300_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.08.081","volume":"258","author":"EE Kilicaslan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kilicaslan EE, Esen AT, Kasal MI, Ozelci E, Boysan M, Gulec M (2017) Childhood trauma, depression, and sleep quality and their association with psychotic symptoms and suicidality in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 258:557\u2013564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.08.081","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"14","key":"2300_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720000914","volume":"51","author":"JF Laskemoen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Laskemoen JF, Aas M, Vaskinn A, Berg AO, Lunding SH, Barrett EA, Melle I, Simonsen C (2021) Sleep disturbance mediates the link between childhood trauma and clinical outcome in severe mental disorders. Psychol Med 51(14):2337\u20132346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291720000914","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2300_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbae211","author":"EE Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee EE, Wu TC, Ibrahim S, Van Dyne A, Tu XM, Eyler LT (2025) Trajectories of resilience-related traits and their impact on health outcomes in schizophrenia: results from a 4-year longitudinal study. Schizophr Bull. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbae211","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"2300_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.4103\/tpsy.Tpsy_30_25","volume":"39","author":"K-L Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee K-L, Chao P-Y, Lin C-W, Yen C-F (2025) Associations of Childhood Trauma Exposures with Depressive Symptoms and Moderating Effect of Resilience in Patients with Schizophrenia. Taiwan J Psychiatry 39(3):159\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/tpsy.Tpsy_30_25","journal-title":"Taiwan J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.559213","volume":"11","author":"ET Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li ET, Luyten P, Midgley N (2020) Psychological Mediators of the Association Between Childhood Emotional Abuse and Depression: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 11:559213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.559213","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"2300_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1000-6729.2011.11.013","volume":"25","author":"X-Y Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li X-Y, Phillips MR, Zhang Y-L, Xu D, Tong Y-S, Yang F-D, Kuang L (2011) Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI-CV) among university students. Chin Ment Health J 25(11):862\u2013866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1000-6729.2011.11.013","journal-title":"Chin Ment Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03443-7","volume":"22","author":"X Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li X, Liu J, Wei S, Yu C, Wang D, Li Y, Li J, Zhuang W, Luo RC, Li Y, Liu Z, Su Y, Liu J, Xu Y, Fan J, Zhu G, Xu W, Tang Y, Yan H, Cho RY, Kosten TR, Zhou D, Zhang X (2024) Cognitive enhancing effect of rTMS combined with tDCS in patients with major depressive disorder: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study. BMC Med 22(1):253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-024-03443-7","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-07293-2","volume":"25","author":"L Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu L, Li Z, Wang J, Zhao L, Zhang X, Tian Y, Yao X, Li W, Xia L, Liu H (2025a) The associations between insomnia symptoms and clinical features, lipid metabolism parameters, as well as inflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 25(1):830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-025-07293-2","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-07263-8","volume":"25","author":"L Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu L, Zhao L, Xiao Z, Sun L, Fan H, Hao M, Zhao X, Wang J, Tian Y, Yao X, Li W, Xia L, Liu H (2025) The associations of suicidal ideation with psychopathology and inflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 25(1):793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-025-07263-8","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2300_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.3360","volume":"77","author":"RA McCutcheon","year":"2020","unstructured":"McCutcheon RA, Reis Marques T, Howes OD (2020) Schizophrenia-an overview. JAMA Psychiatry 77(2):201\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.3360","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.110202","volume":"111","author":"BJ Miller","year":"2021","unstructured":"Miller BJ, McCall WV, Xia L, Zhang Y, Li W, Yao X, Liu H (2021) Insomnia, suicidal ideation, and psychopathology in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 111:110202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.110202","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"S1","key":"2300_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S746","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2024.1553","volume":"67","author":"V Mitikhin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mitikhin V, Kuzminova M, Alieva L (2024) The role of resilience and coping behavior in schizophrenia in the prevention of psychosis relapse. European Psychiatry 67(S1):S746\u2013S747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2024.1553","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2300_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02005-2","volume":"28","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nakamura T, Takata A (2023) The molecular pathology of schizophrenia: an overview of existing knowledge and new directions for future research. Mol Psychiatry 28(5):1868\u20131889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-023-02005-2","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2023.110899","volume":"129","author":"P Peng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Peng P, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Hao Y, Chen S, Wu Q, Li M, Wang Y, Yang Q, Wang X, Liu Y, Ma Y, He L, Liu T, Zhang X (2024) Inter-relationships of insomnia and psychiatric symptoms with suicidal ideation among patients with chronic schizophrenia: a network perspective. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 129:110899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2023.110899","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2300_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-023-01588-9","volume":"274","author":"P Peng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Peng P, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Hao Y, Chen S, Wu Q, Li M, Wang Y, Yang Q, Wang X, Liu Y, Ma Y, He L, Xu H, Li Z, Lang X, Liu T, Zhang X (2024) Association of subclinical hypothyroidism with metabolic syndrome and its components among outpatients with first-episode drug-naive major depressive disorder: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 274(3):573\u2013582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-023-01588-9","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2300_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00274","volume":"13","author":"D Popovic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Popovic D, Schmitt A, Kaurani L, Senner F, Papiol S, Malchow B, Fischer A, Schulze TG, Koutsouleris N, Falkai P (2019) Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia: Current Findings and Research Perspectives. Front Neurosci 13:274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2019.00274","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2300_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20490","volume":"17","author":"J Radua","year":"2018","unstructured":"Radua J, Ramella-Cravaro V, Ioannidis JPA, Reichenberg A, Phiphopthatsanee N, Amir T, Thoo Y, Oliver H, Davies D, Morgan C, McGuire C, Murray P, Fusar-Poli RM, P (2018) What causes psychosis? An umbrella review of risk and protective factors. World Psychiatry 17(1):49\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wps.20490","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/532082","author":"RP Rajkumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rajkumar RP (2015) The impact of childhood adversity on the clinical features of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research and Treatment. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/532082","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research and Treatment"},{"key":"2300_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990581","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.990581","volume":"17","author":"F Schalkwijk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schalkwijk F, Van Someren EJW, Nicolai NJ, Uijttewaal JL, Wassing R (2023) From childhood trauma to hyperarousal in adults: The mediating effect of maladaptive shame coping and insomnia. Front Hum Neurosci 17:990581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2023.990581","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2300_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-025-02826-2","volume":"60","author":"Z Shang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shang Z, Fang C, Luo G, Lang X, Zhang X (2025) Gender differences in the association between childhood trauma, clinical symptoms, and cognitive function in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 60(8):1999\u20132012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00127-025-02826-2","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2300_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01638-9","volume":"48","author":"L Simon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Simon L, Admon R (2023) From childhood adversity to latent stress vulnerability in adulthood: the mediating roles of sleep disturbances and HPA axis dysfunction. Neuropsychopharmacology 48(10):1425\u20131435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-023-01638-9","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2300_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12507","volume":"57","author":"MH Teicher","year":"2016","unstructured":"Teicher MH, Samson JA (2016) Annual Research Review: Enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 57(3):241\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12507","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"2300_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291724000540","volume":"54","author":"A Ucok","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ucok A, Noyan H, Guloksuz S, Saka MC, Alptekin K, Atbasoglu C, Akturan E, Karadayi G, Baran Tatar Z, Akdede B, Binbay T, Altinyazar V, Ulas H, Yalincetin B, Gumus-Akay G, Cihan B, Soygur H, Cankurtaran S, Kaymak EU, Rutten S, van Os BPF, J (2024) The relationship between childhood trauma, psychotic symptoms, and cognitive schemas in patients with schizophrenia, their siblings, and healthy controls: results from the EU-GEI study. Psychol Med 54(10):2414\u20132425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291724000540","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"7321","key":"2300_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09563","volume":"468","author":"J van Os","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Os J, Kenis G, Rutten BP (2010) The environment and schizophrenia. Nature 468(7321):203\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature09563","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2300_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2020.11.047","volume":"228","author":"R Vila-Badia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vila-Badia R, Butjosa A, Del Cacho N, Serra-Arumi C, Esteban-Sanjusto M, Ochoa S, Usall J (2021) Types, prevalence and gender differences of childhood trauma in first-episode psychosis. What is the evidence that childhood trauma is related to symptoms and functional outcomes in first episode psychosis? A systematic review. Schizophr Res 228:159\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2020.11.047","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2300_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.051","volume":"276","author":"J Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang J, He X, Chen Y, Lin C (2020) Association between childhood trauma and depression: a moderated mediation analysis among normative Chinese college students. J Affect Disord 276:519\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.051","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"2300_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E209","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.210178","volume":"47","author":"L Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang L, Yin Y, Feng W, Zhou Y, Huang J, Zhang P, Chen S, Fan H, Cui Y, Luo X, Tan S, Wang Z, Tian B, Tian L, Li CR, Tan Y (2022) Childhood trauma and cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia: mediation by orbitofrontal cortex H-shaped sulci volume. J Psychiatry Neurosci 47(3):E209\u2013E217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/jpn.210178","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2300_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001788","volume":"212","author":"K Ware","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ware K, Misiak B, Hamza EA, Nalla S, Moustafa AA (2024) The impact of childhood trauma on the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 212(9):460\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001788","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"2300_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.11.011","volume":"228","author":"P Xie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie P, Wu K, Zheng Y, Guo Y, Yang Y, He J, Ding Y, Peng H (2018) Prevalence of childhood trauma and correlations between childhood trauma, suicidal ideation, and social support in patients with depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia in southern China. J Affect Disord 228:41\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2017.11.011","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2300_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.769743","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Fang X, Tang B, Fan K, Wen N, Zhao K, Xu W, Tang W, Chen Y (2021) Childhood trauma and insomnia increase suicidal ideation in schizophrenia patients: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 12:769743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.769743","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20250111","author":"G Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao G, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Lu T, Lu Z, Kang Z, Schneider-Thoma J, Xie W, Yang Y, Guo J, Zhu Y, Yuan R, Sun J, Feng X, Liao Y, Chen D, Li L, Li T, Yang F, Wang C, Zhang D, Yan H, Leucht S, Yue W (2025) Efficacy and tolerability of seven antipsychotic drugs in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, multicenter, assessor-blinded trial. Am J Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.20250111","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2300_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107200","volume":"160","author":"M Zhong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhong M, Cheng P, Liu Z, Wang F, Yang J (2025) Social functioning mediated the relationship between childhood emotional neglect and cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia. Child Abuse Negl 160:107200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107200","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02300-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02300-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02300-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:49:44Z","timestamp":1789051784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02300-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02300-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-1334","1433-8491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-1334","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-8491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their guardians. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (H18031).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported, that no important aspects of the study have been omitted, and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Transparency declaration","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}