{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:11:21Z","timestamp":1789053081824,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau Basic research on medical applications -Research on innovative medical applications Project","award":["SKY2023101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKY2023101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-026-02302-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T16:38:33Z","timestamp":1782491913000},"page":"3417-3431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the genetic correlation between inflammatory bowel disease and psychiatric disorders: insights from genome-wide association studies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"276","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2302_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.06.030","volume":"21","author":"MJ Buie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Buie MJ, Quan J, Windsor JW et al (2023) Global Hospitalization Trends for Crohn\u2019s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review With Temporal Analyses. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 21:2211\u20132221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.06.030","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2302_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-024-04711-x","author":"D L","year":"2024","unstructured":"L D, J Y, S X et al (2024) Global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease, 1990\u20132021: Insights from the global burden of disease 2021. Int J Colorectal Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00384-024-04711-x","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"2302_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102193","volume":"64","author":"GBD 2019 IMID Collaborators","year":"2023","unstructured":"GBD 2019 IMID Collaborators (2023) Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019. EClinicalMedicine 64:102193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102193","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2302_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733992","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.733992","volume":"12","author":"P Qiu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiu P, Ishimoto T, Fu L et al (2022) The Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 12:733992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2022.733992","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2302_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303954","volume":"62","author":"D Knights","year":"2013","unstructured":"Knights D, Lassen KG, Xavier RJ (2013) Advances in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis: linking host genetics and the microbiome. Gut 62:1505\u20131510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303954","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2302_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118529","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1118529","volume":"14","author":"K Kasarello","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kasarello K, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Czarzasta K (2023) Communication of gut microbiota and brain via immune and neuroendocrine signaling. Front Microbiol 14:1118529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1118529","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2302_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133546","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1133546","volume":"14","author":"D Hong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hong D, Zhang C, Wu W et al (2023) Modulation of the gut-brain axis via the gut microbiota: a new era in treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Neurol 14:1133546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1133546","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2302_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2018","volume":"99","author":"JF Cryan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cryan JF, O\u2019Riordan KJ, Cowan CSM et al (2019) The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Physiol Rev 99:1877\u20132013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00018.2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2302_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4631","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15214631","volume":"15","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Bonfili L, Wei T, Eleuteri AM (2023) Understanding the Gut-Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Nutrients 15:4631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15214631","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2302_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11245","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911245","volume":"23","author":"A G\u00f3ralczyk-Bi\u0144kowska","year":"2022","unstructured":"G\u00f3ralczyk-Bi\u0144kowska A, Szmajda-Krygier D, Koz\u0142owska E (2022) The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 23:11245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms231911245","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2302_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031172","volume":"23","author":"K Suda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suda K, Matsuda K (2022) How Microbes Affect Depression: Underlying Mechanisms via the Gut-Brain Axis and the Modulating Role of Probiotics. Int J Mol Sci 23:1172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23031172","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2302_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-023-01589-9","volume":"11","author":"M Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou M, Fan Y, Xu L et al (2023) Microbiome and tryptophan metabolomics analysis in adolescent depression: roles of the gut microbiota in the regulation of tryptophan-derived neurotransmitters and behaviors in human and mice. Microbiome 11:145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40168-023-01589-9","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"2302_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185522","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2023.1185522","volume":"17","author":"N Irum","year":"2023","unstructured":"Irum N, Afzal T, Faraz MH et al (2023) The role of gut microbiota in depression: an analysis of the gut-brain axis. Front Behav Neurosci 17:1185522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnbeh.2023.1185522","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"2302_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151478","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1151478","volume":"17","author":"H-E Tan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tan H-E (2023) The microbiota-gut-brain axis in stress and depression. Front Neurosci 17:1151478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2023.1151478","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2302_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11111","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911111","volume":"23","author":"RK Masanetz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Masanetz RK, Winkler J, Winner B et al (2022) The Gut-Immune-Brain Axis: An Important Route for Neuropsychiatric Morbidity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 23:11111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms231911111","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2302_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2023.05.002","volume":"83","author":"TH Bisgaard","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bisgaard TH, Allin KH, Elmahdi R, Jess T (2023) The bidirectional risk of inflammatory bowel disease and anxiety or depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 83:109\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2023.05.002","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"2302_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016578","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1016578","volume":"13","author":"L Ge","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ge L, Liu S, Li S et al (2022) Psychological stress in inflammatory bowel disease: Psychoneuroimmunological insights into bidirectional gut-brain communications. Front Immunol 13:1016578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1016578","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2302_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.4974","author":"W G","year":"2023","unstructured":"G W, G P, L Y et al (2023) Role of the Gut-Brain Axis in the Shared Genetic Etiology Between Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Pleiotropic Analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.4974","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2302_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.10.003","volume":"68","author":"PF Sullivan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sullivan PF (2010) The psychiatric GWAS consortium: big science comes to psychiatry. Neuron 68:182\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.10.003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2302_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0579-z","volume":"562","author":"C Bycroft","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bycroft C, Freeman C, Petkova D et al (2018) The UK Biobank resource with deep phenotyping and genomic data. Nature 562:203\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-018-0579-z","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2302_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21280-7","volume":"12","author":"Y Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu Y, Murray GK, Byrne EM et al (2021) GWAS of peptic ulcer disease implicates Helicobacter pylori infection, other gastrointestinal disorders and depression. Nat Commun 12:1146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-21280-7","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2302_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.108325","volume":"26","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Wu G, Zhang X et al (2023) A two-sample Mendelian randomization study of atherosclerosis and dementia. Sci 26:108325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2023.108325","journal-title":"Sci"},{"key":"2302_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.0914","volume":"79","author":"DS Tylee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tylee DS, Lee YK, Wendt FR et al (2022) An Atlas of Genetic Correlations and Genetically Informed Associations Linking Psychiatric and Immune-Related Phenotypes. JAMA Psychiatry 79:667\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.0914","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2302_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06795-1","volume":"7","author":"T Gong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gong T, Kuja-Halkola R, Harder A et al (2024) Shared genetic architecture between gastro-esophageal reflux disease, asthma, and allergic diseases. Commun Biol 7:1077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-024-06795-1","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"2302_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01017-y","volume":"54","author":"J Werme","year":"2022","unstructured":"Werme J, van der Sluis S, Posthuma D, de Leeuw CA (2022) An integrated framework for local genetic correlation analysis. Nat Genet 54:274\u2013282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-022-01017-y","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05473-8","volume":"613","author":"MI Kurki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kurki MI, Karjalainen J, Palta P et al (2023) FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population. Nature 613:508\u2013518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-05473-8","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2302_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01285-8","volume":"55","author":"D Demontis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Demontis D, Walters GB, Athanasiadis G et al (2023) Genome-wide analyses of ADHD identify 27 risk loci, refine the genetic architecture and implicate several cognitive domains. Nat Genet 55:198\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-022-01285-8","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.197","volume":"21","author":"T Otowa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Otowa T, Hek K, Lee M et al (2016) Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of anxiety disorders. Mol Psychiatry 21:1391\u20131399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mp.2015.197","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2302_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0344-8","volume":"51","author":"J Grove","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grove J, Ripke S, Als TD et al (2019) Identification of common genetic risk variants for autism spectrum disorder. Nat Genet 51:431\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-019-0344-8","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00857-4","volume":"53","author":"N Mullins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mullins N, Forstner AJ, O\u2019Connell KS et al (2021) Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology. Nat Genet 53:817\u2013829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-021-00857-4","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02352-1","volume":"29","author":"TD Als","year":"2023","unstructured":"Als TD, Kurki MI, Grove J et al (2023) Depression pathophysiology, risk prediction of recurrence and comorbid psychiatric disorders using genome-wide analyses. Nat Med 29:1832\u20131844. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-023-02352-1","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2302_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.154","volume":"23","author":"International Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Foundation Genetics Collaborative (IOCDF-GC) and OCD Collaborative Genetics Association Studies (OCGAS)","year":"2018","unstructured":"International Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Foundation Genetics Collaborative (IOCDF-GC) and OCD Collaborative Genetics Association Studies (OCGAS) (2018) Revealing the complex genetic architecture of obsessive-compulsive disorder using meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 23:1181\u20131188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mp.2017.154","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2302_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4558","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12576-w","volume":"10","author":"CM Nievergelt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nievergelt CM, Maihofer AX, Klengel T et al (2019) International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci. Nat Commun 10:4558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-019-12576-w","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2302_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04434-5","volume":"604","author":"V Trubetskoy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trubetskoy V, Pardi\u00f1as AF, Qi T et al (2022) Mapping genomic loci implicates genes and synaptic biology in schizophrenia. Nature 604:502\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-04434-5","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2302_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2017.11.001","volume":"101","author":"Q Lu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lu Q, Li B, Ou D et al (2017) A Powerful Approach to Estimating Annotation-Stratified Genetic Covariance via GWAS Summary Statistics. Am J Hum Genet 101:939\u2013964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2017.11.001","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.11.011","volume":"96","author":"X Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu X, Feng T, Tayo BO et al (2015) Meta-analysis of correlated traits via summary statistics from GWASs with an application in hypertension. Am J Hum Genet 96:21\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.11.011","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e164","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq603","volume":"38","author":"K Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang K, Li M, Hakonarson H (2010) ANNOVAR: functional annotation of genetic variants from high-throughput sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 38:e164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkq603","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2302_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D886","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1016","volume":"47","author":"P Rentzsch","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rentzsch P, Witten D, Cooper GM et al (2019) CADD: predicting the deleteriousness of variants throughout the human genome. Nucleic Acids Res 47:D886\u2013D894. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gky1016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2302_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01365-3","volume":"55","author":"S Dong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dong S, Zhao N, Spragins E et al (2023) Annotating and prioritizing human non-coding variants with RegulomeDB v.2. Nat Genet 55:724\u2013726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-023-01365-3","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3538","volume":"48","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Zhang F, Hu H et al (2016) Integration of summary data from GWAS and eQTL studies predicts complex trait gene targets. Nat Genet 48:481\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng.3538","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01261-5","volume":"8","author":"K Watanabe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Watanabe K, Taskesen E, van Bochoven A, Posthuma D (2017) Functional mapping and annotation of genetic associations with FUMA. Nat Commun 8:1826. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-017-01261-5","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2302_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3498","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddz145","volume":"28","author":"JG Pouget","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pouget JG, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Han B et al (2019) Cross-disorder analysis of schizophrenia and 19 immune-mediated diseases identifies shared genetic risk. Hum Mol Genet 28:3498\u20133513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hmg\/ddz145","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0090-3","volume":"50","author":"NR Wray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wray NR, Ripke S, Mattheisen M et al (2018) Genome-wide association analyses identify 44 risk variants and refine the genetic architecture of major depression. Nat Genet 50:668\u2013681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-018-0090-3","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242659","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1242659","volume":"14","author":"CL Dixon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dixon CL, Wu A, Fairn GD (2023) Multifaceted roles and regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing proteins. Front Immunol 14:1242659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1242659","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2302_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1006177","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006177","volume":"13","author":"Z Al Nabhani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al Nabhani Z, Dietrich G, Hugot J-P, Barreau F (2017) Nod2: The intestinal gate keeper. PLoS Pathog 13:e1006177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006177","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2302_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171690","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2023.2171690","volume":"14","author":"A Sharma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharma A, Achi SC, Ibeawuchi S-R et al (2023) The crosstalk between microbial sensors ELMO1 and NOD2 shape intestinal immune responses. Virulence 14:2171690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21505594.2023.2171690","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"2302_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1039\/d3cc05807g","volume":"60","author":"C Adamson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Adamson C, Liang Y, Feng S et al (2024) A closer look at ligand specificity for cellular activation of NOD2 with synthetic muramyl dipeptide analogues. Chem Commun 60:2212\u20132215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d3cc05807g","journal-title":"Chem Commun"},{"key":"2302_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2022.08.002","volume":"30","author":"J Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao J, Zhao X, Hu S et al (2022) Gut microbial DL-endopeptidase alleviates Crohn\u2019s disease via the NOD2 pathway. Cell Host Microbe 30:1435\u20131449e9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2022.08.002","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"2302_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9463","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46090561","volume":"46","author":"Z Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Z, Shang D (2024) NOD1 and NOD2: Essential Monitoring Partners in the Innate Immune System. Curr Issues Mol Biol 46:9463\u20139479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cimb46090561","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"key":"2302_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087677","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1087677","volume":"14","author":"S-L Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen S-L, Li C-M, Li W et al (2023) How autophagy, a potential therapeutic target, regulates intestinal inflammation. Front Immunol 14:1087677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1087677","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2302_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00871-3","volume":"21","author":"C Danne","year":"2024","unstructured":"Danne C, Skerniskyte J, Marteyn B, Sokol H (2024) Neutrophils: from IBD to the gut microbiota. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 21:184\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-023-00871-3","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2302_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205425","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2205425","volume":"15","author":"A Santiago","year":"2023","unstructured":"Santiago A, Hann A, Constante M et al (2023) Crohn\u2019s disease proteolytic microbiota enhances inflammation through PAR2 pathway in gnotobiotic mice. Gut Microbes 15:2205425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2023.2205425","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"2302_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5058","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i36.5058","volume":"18","author":"C Lu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lu C, Waugh A, Bailey RJ et al (2012) Crohn\u2019s disease genotypes of patients in remission vs relapses after infliximab discontinuation. World J Gastroenterol 18:5058\u20135064. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v18.i36.5058","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2302_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003660","volume":"274","author":"BP Kline","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kline BP, Weaver T, Brinton DL et al (2021) Clinical and Genetic Factors Impact Time to Surgical Recurrence After Ileocolectomy for Crohn\u2019s Disease. Ann Surg 274:346\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003660","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2302_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx083","volume":"11","author":"KM Schieffer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schieffer KM, Wright JR, Harris LR et al (2017) NOD2 Genetic Variants Predispose One of Two Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Siblings to Pouchitis Through Microbiome Dysbiosis. J Crohns Colitis 11:1393\u20131397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx083","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"2302_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5641","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25768-0","volume":"12","author":"Y Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang Y, Musco H, Simpson-Yap S et al (2021) Investigating the shared genetic architecture between multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Nat Commun 12:5641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-25768-0","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2302_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.203","volume":"40","author":"S Kugathasan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kugathasan S, Baldassano RN, Bradfield JP et al (2008) Loci on 20q13 and 21q22 are associated with pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Genet 40:1211\u20131215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng.203","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2302_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal3535","volume":"356","author":"WKE Ip","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ip WKE, Hoshi N, Shouval DS et al (2017) Anti-inflammatory effect of IL-10 mediated by metabolic reprogramming of macrophages. Science 356:513\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aal3535","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2302_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-0385","volume":"12","author":"AD Durbin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Durbin AD, Wang T, Wimalasena VK et al (2022) EP300 Selectively Controls the Enhancer Landscape of MYCN-Amplified Neuroblastoma. Cancer Discov 12:730\u2013751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-0385","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"2302_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2024.2436854","volume":"26","author":"RA Patel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Patel RA, Panche AN, Harke SN (2025) Gut microbiome-gut brain axis-depression: interconnection. World J Biol Psychiatry 26:1\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15622975.2024.2436854","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2302_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13010079","volume":"13","author":"Y Ma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ma Y, Wang W, Liu S et al (2023) Epigenetic Regulation of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Cells 13:79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells13010079","journal-title":"Cells"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02302-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02302-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02302-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:49:33Z","timestamp":1789051773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02302-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02302-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-1334","1433-8491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-1334","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-8491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have nothing to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study did not require ethical approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval\u00a0","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors have consented to the publication of this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}