{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:53:34Z","timestamp":1791237214289,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over the last 30 years, the global incidence and prevalence of gambling disorder (GD) have risen, with particularly high risk associated with slot machine gambling. Win-contingent audiovisual stimuli are considered a key mechanism that may promote risky decision-making during gambling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate whether win\u2011contingent audiovisual cues modulate risky decision-making and neural responses during a virtual slot-machine task in healthy volunteers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In a randomized cross-over design,\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920 right-handed healthy volunteers completed a virtual slot-machine paradigm with and without win-contingent audiovisual cues. We compared risky versus safe choices and expected value (EV)-consistent versus EV-inconsistent decisions and examined differential fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) activation during decision and feedback phases using Flexible factorial models. This study was pre-registered in the German clinical trials database: DRKS00021178 on 03.04.2020.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Win\u2011contingent audiovisual cues did not significantly affect the frequency of high-risk versus low-risk choices or EV-consistent versus EV-inconsistent decisions. In the feedback phase, wins (vs. losses and near wins) elicited robust activation in hippocampal, parietal, frontal and insular regions. Compared with the uncued version, the cued version was associated with reduced activation in temporal, thalamic, parietal and insular cortices during win feedback, particularly for EV-consistent decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Win-contingent audiovisual cues modulated neural responses to gambling outcomes in healthy individuals without detectable changes in choice behavior. These neural differences indicate altered processing of gambling-related stimuli, their cognitive and behavioral significance remains uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-026-02396-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:24:00Z","timestamp":1791188640000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neural processing of win-contingent audiovisual cues during virtual gambling: an fMRI cross-over study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Lisa Jil","family":"Krause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falk","family":"Kiefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tagrid","family":"Lem\u00e9nager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2396_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: Dsm-5","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: Dsm-5. American Psychiatric Association, Arlington"},{"key":"2396_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1159\/000547742","volume":"31","author":"G Baumann","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baumann G, Fischer R, Reinhard I, Hoffmann S, Kiefer F, Lem\u00e9nager T, Bach P (2025) Investigating decision-making under risk in pathological gambling using a virtual slot machine: A pilot eye-tracking study. Eur Addict Res 31:308\u2013324","journal-title":"Eur Addict Res"},{"key":"2396_CR3","volume-title":"Scid-5-pd: Strukturiertes klinisches interview f\u00fcr dsm-5 pers\u00f6nlichkeitsst\u00f6rungen: Deutsche bearbeitung des structured clinical interview for dsm-5\u00ae - personality disorders von michael b. First, janet b.W. Wiliams, lorna smith benjamin, robert l","author":"K Beesdo-Baum","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beesdo-Baum K, First MB (2019) Scid-5-pd: Strukturiertes klinisches interview f\u00fcr dsm-5 pers\u00f6nlichkeitsst\u00f6rungen: Deutsche bearbeitung des structured clinical interview for dsm-5\u00ae - personality disorders von michael b. First, janet b.W. Wiliams, lorna smith benjamin, robert l. Manual. Hogrefe, Spitzer"},{"key":"2396_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.9.2.209","volume":"9","author":"CF Camerer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Camerer CF, Thaler RH (1995) Anomalies: ultimatums, dictators and manners. J Economic Perspect 9:209\u2013219","journal-title":"J Economic Perspect"},{"key":"2396_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10362","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1171-18.2018","volume":"38","author":"MV Cherkasova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cherkasova MV, Clark L, Barton JJS, Schulzer M, Shafiee M, Kingstone A, Stoessl AJ, Winstanley CA (2018) Win-concurrent sensory cues can promote riskier choice. J Neurosci 38:10362\u201310370","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2396_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0230-2","volume":"24","author":"L Clark","year":"2019","unstructured":"Clark L, Boileau I, Zack M (2019) Neuroimaging of reward mechanisms in gambling disorder: an integrative review. Mol Psychiatry 24:674\u2013693","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2396_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.04.037","volume":"58","author":"DN Crockford","year":"2005","unstructured":"Crockford DN, Goodyear B, Edwards J, Quickfall J, el-Guebaly N (2005) Cue-induced brain activity in pathological gamblers. Biol Psychiatry 58:787\u2013795","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2396_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.008","volume":"6","author":"M Fauth-B\u00fchler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fauth-B\u00fchler M, Zois E, Vollst\u00e4dt-Klein S, Lemenager T, Beutel M, Mann K (2014) Insula and striatum activity in effort-related monetary reward processing in gambling disorder: the role of depressive symptomatology. Neuroimage Clin 6:243\u2013251","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"2396_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.01.002","volume":"128","author":"SV Gelskov","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gelskov SV, Madsen KH, Rams\u00f8y TZ, Siebner HR (2016) Aberrant neural signatures of decision-making: pathological gamblers display cortico-striatal hypersensitivity to extreme gambles. NeuroImage 128:342\u2013352","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2396_CR10","unstructured":"Gl\u00e4scher J, Gitelman D (2008) Contrast weights in flexible factorial design with multiple groups of subjects"},{"key":"2396_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191113500522","volume":"20","author":"AS Goodie","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goodie AS, MacKillop J, Miller JD, Fortune EE, Maples J, Lance CE, Campbell WK (2013) Evaluating the south oaks gambling screen with dsm-iv and dsm-5 criteria: results from a diverse community sample of gamblers. Assessment 20:523\u2013531","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"2396_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01014863","volume":"9","author":"M Griffiths","year":"1993","unstructured":"Griffiths M (1993) Fruit machine gambling: the importance of structural characteristics. J Gambl Stud 9:101\u2013120","journal-title":"J Gambl Stud"},{"key":"2396_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185","volume":"47","author":"D Kahneman","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kahneman D, Tversky A (1979) Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica 47:263\u2013291","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"2396_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-012-3719-y","volume":"84","author":"F Kiefer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kiefer F, Fauth-Buhler M, Heinz A, Mann K (2013) Neurobiology of behavioral addictions. Nervenarzt 84:557\u2013562","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"2396_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-023-01651-5","volume":"274","author":"J Klar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Klar J, Slotboom J, Lerch S, Koenig J, Wiest R, Kaess M, Kindler J (2024) Higher striatal glutamate in male youth with internet gaming disorder. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 274:301\u2013309","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2396_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e992","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.256","volume":"7","author":"EH Limbrick-Oldfield","year":"2017","unstructured":"Limbrick-Oldfield EH, Mick I, Cocks RE, McGonigle J, Sharman SP, Goldstone AP, Stokes PR, Waldman A, Erritzoe D, Bowden-Jones H, Nutt D, Lingford-Hughes A, Clark L (2017) Neural substrates of cue reactivity and craving in gambling disorder. Transl Psychiatry 7:e992","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"2396_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2020.00088","volume":"9","author":"EH Limbrick-Oldfield","year":"2020","unstructured":"Limbrick-Oldfield EH, Cherkasova MV, Kennedy D, Goshko CB, Griffin D, Barton JJS, Clark L (2020) Gambling disorder is associated with reduced sensitivity to expected value during risky choice. J Behav Addict 9:1044\u20131055","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"2396_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109802","volume":"98","author":"J Linnet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Linnet J (2020) The anticipatory dopamine response in addiction: a common neurobiological underpinning of gambling disorder and substance use disorder? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 98:109802","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2396_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2013.08.005","volume":"30","author":"G-C Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu G-C, Yen J-Y, Chen C-Y, Yen C-F, Chen C-S, Lin W-C, Ko C-H (2014) Brain activation for response inhibition under gaming cue distraction in internet gaming disorder. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 30:43\u201351","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"2396_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2009.11.008","volume":"181","author":"SF Miedl","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miedl SF, Fehr T, Meyer G, Herrmann M (2010) Neurobiological correlates of problem gambling in a quasi-realistic blackjack scenario as revealed by fmri. Psychiatry Res 181:165\u2013173","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"2396_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22361","volume":"63","author":"S Moeller","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moeller S, Yacoub E, Olman CA, Auerbach E, Strupp J, Harel N, Ugurbil K (2010) Multiband multislice ge-epi at 7 tesla, with 16-fold acceleration using partial parallel imaging with application to high spatial and temporal whole-brain fmri. Magn Reson Med 63:1144\u20131153","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"2396_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110539","volume":"171","author":"S Moritz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moritz S, Gehlenborg J, Bierbrodt J, Wittekind C, B\u00fccker L (2020) A ghost in the machine? The predictive role of metacognitive beliefs, cognitive biases, and machine-related features in the severity of problematic slot machine gambling. Pers Indiv Differ 171:110539","journal-title":"Pers Indiv Differ"},{"key":"2396_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0099-7","volume":"5","author":"MN Potenza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Potenza MN, Balodis IM, Derevensky J, Grant JE, Petry NM, Verdejo-Garcia A, Yip SW (2019) Gambling disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers 5:51","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2396_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.2307\/2998573","volume":"66","author":"D Prelec","year":"1998","unstructured":"Prelec D (1998) The probability weighting function. Econometrica 66:497\u2013527","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"2396_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4286-07.2008","volume":"28","author":"K Preuschoff","year":"2008","unstructured":"Preuschoff K, Quartz SR, Bossaerts P (2008) Human insula activation reflects risk prediction errors as well as risk. J Neurosci 28:2745\u20132752","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2396_CR26","volume-title":"Impulskontrollst\u00f6rungen\/verhaltenss\u00fcchte. \u00dcbersichten. Pathologisches gl\u00fccksspiel und delinquenz. Pathological gambling and delinquency","author":"N Romanczuk-Seiferth","year":"2016","unstructured":"Romanczuk-Seiferth N, M\u00f6rsen C, Heinz A (2016) Impulskontrollst\u00f6rungen\/verhaltenss\u00fcchte. \u00dcbersichten. Pathologisches gl\u00fccksspiel und delinquenz. Pathological gambling and delinquency. Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie. Kriminologie 10"},{"key":"2396_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1515\/nf-2011-0402","volume":"17","author":"R Seitz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Seitz R (2011) Medialer frontalkortex und subjektive verhaltenskontrolle. e-Neuroforum 17:128\u2013135","journal-title":"e-Neuroforum"},{"key":"2396_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23097","volume":"67","author":"K Setsompop","year":"2012","unstructured":"Setsompop K, Gagoski BA, Polimeni JR, Witzel T, Wedeen VJ, Wald LL (2012) Blipped-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging for simultaneous multislice echo planar imaging with reduced g-factor penalty. Magn Reson Med 67:1210\u20131224","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"2396_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033460","volume":"7","author":"ME Sharp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sharp ME, Viswanathan J, Lanyon LJ, Barton JJ (2012) Sensitivity and bias in decision-making under risk: evaluating the perception of reward, its probability and value. PLoS ONE 7:e33460","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2396_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15010","volume":"115","author":"ML Spetch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spetch ML, Madan CR, Liu YS, Ludvig EA (2020) Effects of winning cues and relative payout on choice between simulated slot machines. Addiction 115:1719\u20131727","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2396_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.16.2.143","volume":"16","author":"TA Steenbergh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Steenbergh TA, Meyers AW, May RK, Whelan JP (2002) Development and validation of the gamblers\u2019 beliefs questionnaire. Psychol Addict Behav 16:143\u2013149","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"key":"2396_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01013","volume":"5","author":"K Tsurumi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsurumi K, Kawada R, Yokoyama N, Sugihara G, Sawamoto N, Aso T, Fukuyama H, Murai T, Takahashi H (2014) Insular activation during reward anticipation reflects duration of illness in abstinent pathological gamblers. Front Psychol 5:1\u20138","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2396_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-010-0141-7","volume":"12","author":"RJ van Holst","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Holst RJ, van den Brink W, Veltman DJ, Goudriaan AE (2010) Brain imaging studies in pathological gambling. Curr Psychiatry Rep 12:418\u2013425","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"2396_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5693","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26470","volume":"44","author":"P Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang P, Chen S, Deng K, Zhang B, Im H, Feng J, Liu L, Yang Q, Zhao G, He Q, Chen C, Wang H, Wang Q (2023) Distributed attribute representation in the superior parietal lobe during probabilistic decision-making. Hum Brain Mapp 44:5693\u20135711","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2396_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2021.07.001","volume":"41","author":"CA Winstanley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Winstanley CA, Hynes TJ (2021) Clueless about cues: the impact of reward-paired cues on decision making under uncertainty. Curr Opin Behav Sci 41:167\u2013174","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"2396_CR36","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018) International classification of diseases for mortality and morbidity statistics (11th revision)"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02396-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02396-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02396-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:01:54Z","timestamp":1791234114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02396-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["2396"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-026-02396-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-1334","1433-8491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-1334","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-8491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed concent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}