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are linked to increased vulnerability to psychopathology. While sex differences are studied in clinical autism, little is known about these associations in the general population. This study examines sex-specific associations between ATs and psychopathology in a community sample of adolescents and young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 788 participants (475 females), aged 15\u201335 years (mean\u2009=\u200917.48\u2009\u00b1\u20093.60) in the TwinssCan cohort were used. ATs were assessed using Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), while psychopathology and psychosis expression were measured with the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90) and Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE). Sex-stratified linear regression models examined associations with SCL-90 and CAPE scores. Chow\u2019s test was used for exploratory sex comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In both sexes, total AQ scores were positively associated with the total SCL-90 score and all its subscales, as well as with total CAPE and all its subscales. No significant sex difference was found for either total SCL-90 or total CAPE. In exploratory post-hoc comparisons, a nominally statistically significant sex difference was observed for the obsessive\u2013compulsive SCL-90 subscale (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03), where AQ accounted for 5.6% of the variance in males compared to 15.86% in females. A nominally statistically significant sex difference was found in the CAPE depressive subscale as well (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03), where AQ explained 4.78% of the variance in males versus 13.53% in females.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings highlight that ATs relate to broad psychopathology across sexes, whereas domain-specific sex differences emerged in exploratory post-hoc comparisons. Future studies should replicate findings in clinical and longitudinal samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-026-02404-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T08:44:25Z","timestamp":1791535465000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Examining the association between autistic traits and psychopathology in the general population: are there sex differences?"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Melike","family":"Kara\u00e7am Do\u011fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanavadee","family":"Prachason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Scalmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bochao Danae","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lotta-Katrin","family":"Pries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Klingenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Arias-Magnasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Menne-Lothmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Decoster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruud","family":"van Winkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Collip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Delespaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"De Hert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Derom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evert","family":"Thiery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nele","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marieke","family":"Wichers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart P. 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