{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T01:22:15Z","timestamp":1775265735889,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]],"date-time":"2016-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lung"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-015-9830-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]],"date-time":"2016-01-29T09:50:27Z","timestamp":1454061027000},"page":"163-169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pulmonary Kaposi\u2019s Sarcoma and Its Complications in the HAART Era: A Contemporary Case-Based Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Oleg","family":"Epelbaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronaldo","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geminikumar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidney","family":"Braman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"9830_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-4-18","volume":"4","author":"TD Gasparetto","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gasparetto TD, Marchiori E, Louren\u00e7o S et al (2009) Pulmonary involvement in Kaposi sarcoma: correlation between imaging and pathology. Orphanet J Rare Dis 4:1\u20137","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"9830_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000238411.75324.59","volume":"20","author":"EA Engels","year":"2006","unstructured":"Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, Goedert JJ et al (2006) Trends in cancer risk among people with AIDS in the United States 1980\u20132002. AIDS 20(12):1645\u20131654","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"9830_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)01192-6","volume":"4","author":"C Sgadari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sgadari C, Monini P, Barillari G et al (2003) Use of HIV protease inhibitors to block Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma and tumour growth. Lancet Oncol 4:537\u2013547","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"9830_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.156","volume":"23","author":"JH Gallafent","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gallafent JH, Buskin SE, De Turk PB et al (2005) Profile of patients with Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Oncol 23:1253\u20131260","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9830_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.6.1622","volume":"108","author":"AM Khalil","year":"1995","unstructured":"Khalil AM, Carette MF, Cadranel JL et al (1995) Intrathoracic Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. CT findings. Chest 108:1622\u20131626","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"9830_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.4.1128","volume":"117","author":"DM Aboulafia","year":"2000","unstructured":"Aboulafia DM (2000) The epidemiologic, pathologic, and clinical features of AIDS-associated pulmonary Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. Chest 117:1128\u20131145","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"9830_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.96.4.723","volume":"96","author":"DP Naidich","year":"1989","unstructured":"Naidich DP, Tarras M, Garay SM et al (1989) Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. CT-radiographic correlation. Chest 96:723\u2013728","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"9830_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199301000-00010","volume":"17","author":"SD Wolff","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wolff SD, Kuhlman JE, Fishman EK (1993) Thoracic Kaposi sarcoma in AIDS: CT findings. J Assist Tomogr 17:60\u201362","journal-title":"J Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"9830_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.42.4.262","volume":"42","author":"PJ Fouret","year":"1987","unstructured":"Fouret PJ, Touboul JL, Mayaud CM et al (1987) Pulmonary Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome: a clinicopathological study. Thorax 42:262\u2013268","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"9830_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.91.1.39","volume":"91","author":"SM Garay","year":"1987","unstructured":"Garay SM, Belenko M, Fazzini E et al (1987) Pulmonary manifestations of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. Chest 91:39\u201343","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"9830_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.2.9707068","volume":"157","author":"M Tamm","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tamm M, Reichenberger F, McGandy CE et al (1998) Diagnosis of pulmonary Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma by detection of human herpes virus 8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:458\u2013463","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"9830_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91619-9","volume":"346","author":"D Whitby","year":"1995","unstructured":"Whitby D, Howard MR, Tenant-Flowers M et al (1995) Detection of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma associated herpesvirus in peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals and progression to Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. Lancet 346:799\u2013802","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"9830_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.5.1314","volume":"105","author":"MA Judson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Judson MA, Sahn SA (1994) Endobronchial lesions in HIV-infected individuals. Chest 105:1314\u20131323","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"9830_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.96.3.460","volume":"96","author":"RF O\u2019Brien","year":"1989","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien RF, Cohn DL (1989) Serosanguinous pleural effusions in AIDS-associated Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. Chest 96:460\u2013466","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"9830_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(99)70500-4","volume":"137","author":"Y Chen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chen Y, Brennessel D, Walters J et al (1999) Human immunodeficiency virus-associated pericardial effusion: report of 40 cases and review of the literature. Am Heart J 137(3):516\u2013521","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"9830_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.94.6.1316b","volume":"94","author":"K Pandya","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pandya K, Lal C, Tuchschmidt J et al (1988) Bilateral chylothorax with pulmonary Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. Chest 94:1316\u20131317","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"9830_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199003000-00016","volume":"83","author":"MA Judson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Judson MA, Postic B (1990) Chylothorax in a patient with AIDS and Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. South Med J 83:322\u2013324","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"9830_CR18","first-page":"421","volume":"152","author":"DW Pennington","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pennington DW, Warnock ML, Stulbarg MS (1990) Chylothorax and respiratory failure in Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. West J Med 152:421\u2013422","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"9830_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200203290-00025","volume":"16","author":"JA Maradona","year":"2002","unstructured":"Maradona JA, Carton JA, Asensi V et al (2002) AIDS-related Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma with chylothorax and pericardial involvement satisfactorily treated with liposomal doxorubicin. AIDS 16(5):806\u2013807","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"9830_CR20","first-page":"412","volume-title":"Pleural Diseases","author":"RW Light","year":"2013","unstructured":"Light RW (2013) Chylothorax and Pseudochylothorax. In: Light RW (ed) Pleural Diseases, 6th edn. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp 412\u2013430","edition":"6"},{"key":"9830_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.03.033","volume":"136","author":"C Dib","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dib C, Tajik J, Park S et al (2008) Chylopericardium in adults: a literature review over the past decade (1996\u20132006). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 136:650\u2013656","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"9830_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(97)00179-X","volume":"30","author":"S Natrajan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Natrajan S, Hadeli KO, Quan SF (1998) Infected spontaneous chylothorax. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 30:31\u201332","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"9830_CR23","first-page":"783","volume":"99","author":"JT Wang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wang JT, Hsueh PR, Sheng WH et al (2000) Infected chylothorax caused by streptococcus agalactie: a case report. J Formos Med Assoc 99(10):783\u2013784","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"9830_CR24","first-page":"A6460","volume":"183","author":"J Kazianis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kazianis J, Epelbaum O (2011) Chylous empyema or empyematous chylothorax [abstract]? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 183:A6460","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"9830_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03282-13","volume":"52","author":"AD Berardino","year":"2014","unstructured":"Berardino AD, Inchingolo R, Smargiassi A et al (2014) Empyema caused by prevotella bivia complicating an unusual case of spontaneous chylothorax. J Clin Microbiol 52(4):1284\u20131286","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"9830_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.1.7812547","volume":"151","author":"A Lassence De","year":"1995","unstructured":"De Lassence A, Fleury-Feith J, Escudier E et al (1995) Alveolar hemorrhage: diagnostic criteria and results in 194 immunocompromised hosts. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 151:157\u2013163","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"9830_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/34193","volume":"391","author":"C Bais","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bais C, Santomasso B, Cosso O et al (1998) G-protein-coupled receptor of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpes virus is a viral oncogene and angiogenesis activator. Nature 391:86\u201389","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9830_CR28","first-page":"1433","volume":"152","author":"F Samaniego","year":"1998","unstructured":"Samaniego F, Markham PD, Gendelman R et al (1998) Vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor present in Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma (KS) are induced by inflammatory cytokines and synergize to promote vascular permeability and KS lesion development. Am J Pathol 152:1433\u20131443","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"9830_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.4.1078","volume":"120","author":"B Vincent","year":"2001","unstructured":"Vincent B, Flahault A, Antoine M et al (2001) AIDS-related alveolar hemorrhage. A prospective study of 273 BAL procedures. Chest 120:1078\u20131084","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"9830_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199109000-00004","volume":"70","author":"R McKenzie","year":"1991","unstructured":"McKenzie R, Travis WD, Dolan SA et al (1991) The causes of death in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a clinical and pathologic study with emphasis on the role of pulmonary diseases. Medicine (Baltimore) 70:326\u2013343","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"9830_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcs171","volume":"106","author":"MC Alraies","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alraies MC, Alraiyes AH, Kabach CM et al (2013) Fatal alveolar hemorrhage due to Kaposi sarcoma. QJM 106:961\u2013962","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"9830_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis308","volume":"55","author":"E Letang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Letang E, Naniche D, Bower M et al (2012) Kaposi sarcoma-associated immune reconstitution syndrome: in need of a specific case definition. CID 55:157\u2013158","journal-title":"CID"},{"key":"9830_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir802","volume":"54","author":"CJ Achenbach","year":"2012","unstructured":"Achenbach CJ, Harrington RD, Dhanireddy S et al (2012) Paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy after AIDS-defining opportunistic infection. CID 54:424\u2013433","journal-title":"CID"},{"key":"9830_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2458","volume":"189","author":"MCB Godoy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Godoy MCB, Rouse H, Brown JA et al (2007) Imaging features of pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma-associated immune reconstitution syndrome. AJR 189:956\u2013965","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"9830_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181bc476f","volume":"53","author":"E Letang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Letang E, Almeida JM, Mir\u00f3 JM et al (2010) Predictors of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi sarcoma in Mozambique: a prospective study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 53:589\u2013597","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"}],"container-title":["Lung"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00408-015-9830-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00408-015-9830-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00408-015-9830-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T15:52:17Z","timestamp":1600098737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00408-015-9830-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["9830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00408-015-9830-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2040","1432-1750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2040","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]}}}