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However, the anti-inflammatory properties of \u03b1-MSH on normal bronchial epithelial cells are largely unknown, especially in the context of in vitro sarcoidosis models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of \u03b1-MSH on two different in vitro sarcoidosis models (lung-on-membrane model; LOMM and three-dimensional biochip pulmonary sarcoidosis model; 3D-BSGM) generated from NBECs and an in vivo sarcoidosis mouse model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment with \u03b1-MSH decreased inflammatory cytokine levels and downregulated type I interferon pathway genes and related proteins in LOMM and 3D-BSGM models. Treatment with \u03b1-MSH also significantly decreased macrophages and cytotoxic T-cells counts in a sarcoidosis mice model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results confirm the direct role of type I IFNs in the pathogenesis of sarcoid lung granulomas and highlight \u03b1-MSH as a potential novel therapeutic agent for treating pulmonary sarcoidosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-022-00546-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,18]],"date-time":"2022-06-18T17:02:42Z","timestamp":1655571762000},"page":"463-472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Anti-inflammatory Properties of the Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone in Models of Granulomatous Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"200","author":[{"given":"Abdolrazagh Hashemi","family":"Shahraki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runxia","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongxu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevis L.","family":"Fregien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Bejarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Mirsaeidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"546_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1120","volume":"147","author":"M Mirsaeidi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mirsaeidi M, Machado RF, Schraufnagel D, Sweiss NJ, Baughman RP (2015) Racial difference in sarcoidosis mortality in the United States. 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