{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:26:33Z","timestamp":1792268793620,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007154","name":"Wake Forest University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007154","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lung"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The use of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is standard practice for lung cancer diagnosis and staging. Next generation sequencing (NGS) for detection of genetic alterations is recommended in advanced, non-squamous, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Existing protocols for NGS testing are minimal and reported yields vary. This study aimed to determine the yield of EBUS samples obtained for NGS using a sampling protocol at our institution and assess predictive factors to form collection protocols.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We reviewed EBUS bronchoscopies from 2016 to 2021 with non-squamous NSCLC diagnoses. For target lesions suspected to be malignant, the sampling protocol was: (a) two slides for on-site evaluation, (b) three to five fine needle aspirations rinsed into saline for immunohistochemical staining and in-house molecular markers, and (c) additional three to five rinses for NGS. Sufficiency for NGS processing was determined by the pathology department.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Two hundred and seventy-eight non-squamous NSCLC samples were obtained by EBUS (205 adenocarcinoma; 73 not otherwise specified). EBUS was performed under general anesthesia in 75.5% of cases. The overall sample adequacy for NGS testing was 57.5%. Higher adequacy rates were observed when protocol was adhered to 66.0% versus 37.2% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There was no statistically significant difference based on the size of the lesion or location of the sample.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>When a protocol of three to five dedicated needle rinses for NGS was followed, we nearly doubled our sample adequacy rate for NSG as compared to standard care. Studies are needed to determine the ideal collection and processing modality to preserve tissue samples for genetic sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-024-00690-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T07:02:19Z","timestamp":1714460539000},"page":"317-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration and Next Generation Sequencing Yields"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"202","author":[{"given":"Kristin N.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara M.","family":"Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela G.","family":"Niehaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William I.","family":"Mariencheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Gershner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis L.","family":"Dotson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina R.","family":"Bellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"690_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.13053","author":"F Sampsonas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sampsonas F, Kakoullis L, Lykouras D, Karkoulias K, Spiropoulos K (2018) EBUS: faster, cheaper and most effective in lung cancer staging. 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Mediastinum. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/med-21-2","journal-title":"Mediastinum"},{"issue":"3","key":"690_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2019.11.006","volume":"21","author":"S Byeon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Byeon S, Lee B, Park WY, Choi YL, Jung HA, Sun JM, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Park K, Lee SH (2020) Benefit of targeted DNA sequencing in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients without EGFR and ALK alterations on conventional tests. 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This is an observational study and no ethical approval is required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board at Wake Forest University, ID IRB00022481. The study was granted exemption from requiring written informed consent to participate.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board at Wake Forest University, ID IRB00022481. The study was granted exemption from requiring written informed consent to publish.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}