{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T22:23:35Z","timestamp":1793658215218,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]],"date-time":"2025-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]],"date-time":"2025-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"The IPF-PRO\/ILD-PRO Registry is supported by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc and run in collaboration with the Duke Clinical Research Institute and enrolling centres."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lung"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-025-00797-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]],"date-time":"2025-03-09T13:25:12Z","timestamp":1741526712000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Predictors of Long-Term Survival in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Data from the IPF-PRO Registry"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"203","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7986-7798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy M.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0101-1081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan L.","family":"Neely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy Hajari","family":"Case","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiham H.","family":"Jbeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peide","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5368-0412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy L.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5962-2184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurie D.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the IPF-PRO Registry investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Beegle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Belperio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rany","family":"Condos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Cordova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Southern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Dilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin R.","family":"Flaherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mridu","family":"Gulati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalpalatha","family":"Guntupalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishant","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hotchkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tristan J.","family":"Huie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Kaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa H.","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Lasky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Liesching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randolph","family":"Lipchik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy R.","family":"Luckhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Mageto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Kokoszynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lake","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Namen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin M.","family":"Oldham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tessy","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Porteous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murali","family":"Ramaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonya","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Sachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeenat","family":"Safdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirin","family":"Shafazand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ather","family":"Siddiqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reginald","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary E.","family":"Strek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiram","family":"Rivas-Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Tabak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajat","family":"Walia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy P. M.","family":"Whelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"797_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202202-0399ST","volume":"205","author":"G Raghu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Raghu G, Remy-Jardin M, Richeldi L et al (2022) Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (an update) and progressive pulmonary fibrosis in adults: an official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT clinical practice guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 205:e18\u2013e47","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"797_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e862","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(22)00173-X","volume":"4","author":"HP Fainberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fainberg HP, Oldham JM, Molyneaux PL et al (2022) Forced vital capacity trajectories in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a secondary analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort. Lancet Digit Health 4:e862\u2013e872","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"797_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-023-02503-5","volume":"24","author":"ML Neely","year":"2023","unstructured":"Neely ML, Hellkamp AS, Bender S et al (2023) Lung function trajectories in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 24:209","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"797_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00170","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00170-2018","volume":"5","author":"J Kaunisto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaunisto J, Salomaa ER, Hodgson U et al (2019) Demographics and survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the FinnishIPF registry. ERJ Open Res 5:00170\u201302018","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"797_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807682","DOI":"10.1080\/20018525.2020.1807682","volume":"7","author":"C Hyldgaard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hyldgaard C, M\u00f8ller J, Bendstrup E (2020) Changes in management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: impact on disease severity and mortality. Eur Clin Respir J 7:1807682","journal-title":"Eur Clin Respir J"},{"key":"797_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1271-z","volume":"21","author":"T Tran","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tran T, \u0160terclov\u00e1 M, Mogulkoc N et al (2020) The European MultiPartner IPF registry (EMPIRE): validating long-term prognostic factors in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 21:11","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"797_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-10-201205150-00004","volume":"156","author":"B Ley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ley B, Ryerson CJ, Vittinghoff E et al (2012) A multidimensional index and staging system for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Ann Intern Med 156:684\u2013691","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"797_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12700","volume":"12","author":"M Doubkov\u00e1","year":"2018","unstructured":"Doubkov\u00e1 M, \u0160vancara J, Svoboda M et al (2018) EMPIRE Registry, Czech part: impact of demographics, pulmonary function and HRCT on survival and clinical course in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Respir J 12:1526\u20131535","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"797_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1043-9","volume":"20","author":"L Snyder","year":"2019","unstructured":"Snyder L, Neely ML, Hellkamp A et al (2019) Predictors of death or lung transplant after a diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: insights from the IPF-PRO Registry. Respir Res 20:105","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"797_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23143","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023143","volume":"99","author":"MT Durheim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Durheim MT, Judy J, Bender S et al (2020) A retrospective study of in-hospital mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis between 2015 and 2018. Medicine (Baltimore) 99:e23143","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"797_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.02.009","volume":"158","author":"T Zaman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zaman T, Moua T, Vittinghoff E et al (2020) Differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes between men and women with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Chest 158:245\u2013251","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"797_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01634-x","volume":"22","author":"J Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao J, Kalafatis D, Carlson L et al (2021) Baseline characteristics and survival of patients of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a longitudinal analysis of the Swedish IPF Registry. Respir Res 22:40","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"797_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01851-4","volume":"22","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Snyder LD, Adegunsoye A et al (2021) Hospitalizations in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 22:257","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"797_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14579","volume":"28","author":"TM Maher","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maher TM, Stowasser S, Voss F et al (2023) Decline in forced vital capacity as a surrogate for mortality in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology 28:1147\u20131153","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"797_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311845","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2024.2311845","volume":"56","author":"X He","year":"2024","unstructured":"He X, Ji J, Liu C et al (2024) Body mass index and weight loss as risk factors for poor outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med 56:2311845","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"797_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000108","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2015-000108","volume":"3","author":"EC O\u2019Brien","year":"2016","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien EC, Durheim MT, Gamerman V et al (2016) Rationale for and design of the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-PRospective outcomes (IPF-PRO) registry. BMJ Open Respir Res 3:e000108","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res"},{"key":"797_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-6849-3","volume-title":"Applied predictive modeling","author":"M Kuhn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kuhn M, Johnson K (2013) Applied predictive modeling. Springer, New York"},{"key":"797_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0420.2007.00954.x","volume":"64","author":"L Liu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Liu L, Huang X, O\u2019Quigley J (2008) Analysis of longitudinal data in the presence of informative observational times and a dependent terminal event, with application to medical cost data. Biometrics 64:950\u2013958","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"797_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201606-458OC","volume":"14","author":"MO Paterniti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Paterniti MO, Bi Y, Reki\u0107 D, Wang Y et al (2017) Acute exacerbation and decline in forced vital capacity are associated with increased mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 14:1395\u20131402","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"797_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14231","volume":"27","author":"KK Brown","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brown KK, Inoue Y, Flaherty KR et al (2022) Predictors of mortality in subjects with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases. Respirology 27:294\u2013300","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"797_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201011-1790OC","volume":"184","author":"RM du Bois","year":"2011","unstructured":"du Bois RM, Weycker D, Albera C et al (2011) Ascertainment of individual risk of mortality for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 184:459\u2013466","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"797_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00124","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00124-2023","volume":"9","author":"A Chandel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chandel A, King CS, Ignacio RV et al (2023) External validation and longitudinal application of the DO-GAP index to individualise survival prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. ERJ Open Res 9:00124\u201302023","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"797_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2023.107515","volume":"222","author":"T Pitre","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pitre T, Lupas D, Ebeido I et al (2024) Prognostic factors associated with mortality in acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Med 222:107515","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"797_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.05.001","volume":"41","author":"S Jouneau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jouneau S, Rousseau C, Lederlin M et al (2022) Malnutrition and decreased food intake at diagnosis are associated with hospitalization and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. Clin Nutr 41:1335\u20131342","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"797_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-020-01328-y","volume":"20","author":"S Alqalyoobi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alqalyoobi S, Fern\u00e1ndez P\u00e9rez ER, Oldham JM (2020) In-hospital mortality trends among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the United States between 2013\u20132017: a comparison of academic and non-academic programs. BMC Pulm Med 20:289","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"797_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2023.03.003","volume":"45","author":"JA de Andrade","year":"2023","unstructured":"de Andrade JA, Neely ML, Hellkamp AS et al (2023) Effect of antifibrotic therapy on survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Ther 45:306\u2013315","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"797_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.049","volume":"160","author":"T Petnak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Petnak T, Lertjitbanjong P, Thongprayoon C et al (2021) Impact of antifibrotic therapy on mortality and acute exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest 160:1751\u20131763","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"797_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00422","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00422-2021","volume":"8","author":"MS Wijsenbeek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wijsenbeek MS, Bonella F, Orsatti L et al (2022) Communicating with patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: can we do it better? ERJ Open Res 8:00422\u201302021","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"}],"container-title":["Lung"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00408-025-00797-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00408-025-00797-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00408-025-00797-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T04:43:29Z","timestamp":1766378609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00408-025-00797-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["797"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00408-025-00797-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2040","1432-1750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2040","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"HJK is a principal investigator at a site in the IPF-PRO\/ILD-PRO Registry. HJK has received research support from Boehringer Ingelheim, FibroGen, Galapagos, the National Institutes of Health, Roche\/Genentech, United Therapeutics. JMW, MLN and LDS are employees of the Duke Clinical Research Institute, which receives funding support from Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc to run the IPF-PRO\/ILD-PRO Registry. JLT also reports grants from AstraZeneca and CareDx and participation in advisory boards for Altavant, Avalyn, Natera, Sanofi, Theravance. AHC is a principal investigator at a site in the IPF-PRO\/ILD-PRO Registry. AHC has received research support from Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche\/Genentech, United Therapeutics, FibroGen, Veracyte, Galapagos, Pilant, Kadmon, Bristol Myers Squibb, Bellerophon, Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation (PFF), Galecto; consulting fees from Veracyte; speaker fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Genentech, The France Foundation, Paradigm Medical; medical writing support from Boehringer Ingelheim, Veracyte, United Therapeutics; and has acted as a medical advisor to the PFF. AHJ has no disclosures. PL and ALO are employees of Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Duke University Institutional Review Board (Pro00046131). The protocol was approved by the relevant Institutional Review Boards and\/or local Independent Ethics Committees prior to patient enrollment at every site (listed in the Acknowledgements).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"All patients provided written consent prior to entering the registry.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}],"article-number":"40"}}