{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T16:09:53Z","timestamp":1787328593222,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lung"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-026-00919-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T14:31:39Z","timestamp":1785508299000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["One Trial to Rule them all, One Trial to Bind them: But will it Work for COPD?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"204","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Calverley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"919_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4769.1162","volume":"1","author":"M Daniels","year":"1952","unstructured":"Daniels M, Hill AB (1952) Chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis in young adults; an analysis of the combined results of three Medical Research Council trials. Br Med J 1:1162\u20131168","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"919_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.20288","volume":"323","author":"JJ Darrow","year":"2020","unstructured":"Darrow JJ, Avorn J, Kesselheim AS (2020) FDA approval and regulation of pharmaceuticals, 1983\u20132018. JAMA 323(2):164\u2013176","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"919_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb2517623","volume":"394","author":"V Prasad","year":"2026","unstructured":"Prasad V, Makary MA (2026) One pivotal trial, the new default option for FDA approval - Ending the two-trial dogma. N Engl J Med 394:815\u2013817","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"919_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"4. Cazzola M, Stolz D, SinD D, Matera MG, Rogliani P (2026 ) From Signal to Certainty: Why COPD Needs More Than One Trial. Lung 204, 52 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00408-026-00914-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-026-00914-x"},{"issue":"10356","key":"919_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01273-9","volume":"400","author":"D Stolz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stolz D, Mkorombindo T, Schumann DM, Agusti A, Ash SY, Bafadhel M, Bai C, Chalmers JD, Criner GJ, Dharmage SC, Franssen FME, Frey U, Han M, Hansel NN, Hawkins NM, Kalhan R, Konigshoff M, Ko FW, Parekh TM, Powell P, -van Rutten M, Simpson J, Sin DD, Song Y, Suki B, Troosters T, Washko GR, Welte T, Dransfield MT (2022) Towards the elimination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Lancet Commission. Lancet 400(10356):921\u2013972","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"919_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-11-122","volume":"11","author":"A Agusti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Agusti A, Calverley PM, Celli B, Coxson HO, Edwards LD, Lomas DA, MacNee W, Miller BE, Rennard S, Silverman EK, Tal-Singer R, Wouters E, Yates JC, Vestbo J (2010) Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) investigators. Characterisation of COPD heterogeneity in the ECLIPSE cohort. Respir Res 11:122","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"919_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.09.013","volume":"62","author":"GF Borm","year":"2009","unstructured":"Borm GF, Lemmers O, Fransen J, Donders R (2009) The evidence provided by a single trial is less reliable than its statistical analysis suggests. J Clin Epidemiol 62:711\u2013715","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"919_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201810-1860SO","volume":"199","author":"RA Stockley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stockley RA, Halpin DMG, Celli BR, Singh D (2019) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease biomarkers and their interpretation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 199:1195\u20131204","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"919_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450111314020005","volume":"14","author":"K Kostikas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kostikas K, Bakakos P, Papiris S, Stolz D, Celli BR (2013) Systemic biomarkers in the evaluation and management of COPD patients: are we getting closer to clinical application? Curr Drug Targets 14:177\u2013191","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"919_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30006-7","volume":"6","author":"M Bafadhel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bafadhel M, Peterson S, De Blas MA, Calverley PM, Rennard SI, Richter K, Fager\u00e5s M (2018) Predictors of exacerbation risk and response to budesonide in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a post-hoc analysis of three randomised trials. Lancet Respir Med 6:117\u2013126","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"919_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30190-0","volume":"7","author":"S Pascoe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pascoe S, Barnes N, Brusselle G, Compton C, Criner GJ, Dransfield MT, Halpin DMG, Han MK, Hartley B, Lange P, Lettis S, Lipson DA, Lomas DA, Martinez FJ, Papi A, Roche N, van der Valk RJP, Wise R, Singh D (2019) Blood eosinophils and treatment response with triple and dual combination therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis of the IMPACT trial. Lancet Respir Med 7:745\u2013756","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"919_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.4.1350","volume":"1 24","author":"PM Calverley","year":"2003","unstructured":"Calverley PM, Spencer S, Willits L, Burge PS, Jones PW, IOSLDE Study Group (2003) Withdrawal from treatment as an outcome in the ISOLDE study of COPD. Chest 1 24:1350\u20131356","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"919_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2303951","volume":"389","author":"SP Bhatt","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bhatt SP, Rabe KF, Hanania NA, Vogelmeier CF, Cole J, Bafadhel M, Christenson SA, Papi A, Singh D, Laws E, Mannent LP, Patel N, Staudinger HW, Yancopoulos GD, Mortensen ER, Akinlade B, Maloney J, Lu X, Bauer D, Bansal A, Robinson LB, Abdulai RM (2023) BOREAS investigators. Dupilumab for COPD with Type 2 inflammation indicated by eosinophil counts. N Engl J Med 389:205\u2013214","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"919_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401304","volume":"390","author":"SP Bhatt","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bhatt SP, Rabe KF, Hanania NA, Vogelmeier CF, Bafadhel M, Christenson SA, Papi A, Singh D, Laws E, Patel N, Yancopoulos GD, Akinlade B, Maloney J, Lu X, Bauer D, Bansal A, Abdulai RM, Robinson LB (2024) NOTUS study investigators. Dupilumab for COPD with blood eosinophil evidence of type 2 inflammation. N Engl J Med 390:2274\u20132283","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"919_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202111-2630OC","volume":"206","author":"PMA Calverley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calverley PMA, Martinez FJ, Vestbo J, Jenkins CR, Wise R, Lipson DA, Cowans NJ, Yates J, Crim C, Celli BR (2022) International differences in the frequency of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations reported in three clinical trials. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 206:25\u201333","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Lung"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00408-026-00919-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00408-026-00919-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00408-026-00919-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T15:02:37Z","timestamp":1787324557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00408-026-00919-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["919"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00408-026-00919-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 July 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2026","order":3,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":4,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Reference 4 has been updated with citation information","order":5,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"No conflicts of interest for this editorial","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"53"}}