{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:08:16Z","timestamp":1740107296966,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592611200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Center Poland","award":["2014\/15\/B\/NZ7\/00925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/15\/B\/NZ7\/00925"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiat Environ Biophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main goal of the present study was estimation of an internal contamination of <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I among family members of patients treated with radioactive iodine. Thyroid activity measurements of <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I in examined volunteers were performed using a whole-body spectrometer at the institute of nuclear physics, Polish academy of sciences. During this research, 20 relatives of patients treated with <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I were examined: eight women and 12 men with an age in the range from 3 to 72\u00a0years. In the case of nine individuals, the activity of <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I in the thyroid was below the detection limit, but among the remaining 11 individuals, the activity varied from (9\u2009\u00b1\u20093) Bq up to (1140\u2009\u00b1\u2009295) Bq. Subsequently, based on the measurements of thyroid <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I activities, the corresponding doses were assessed. The highest estimated effective dose reached 218\u00a0\u03bcSv, while the thyroid equivalent dose was 2.4\u00a0mSv. In addition, the experimental data obtained were statistically analysed together with the results of surveys of the individuals participating in the study by means of correspondence analysis and nonparametric tests: Mann\u2013Whitney, gamma, <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and Yule Phi coefficient. These analyses revealed relationships between <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I activities in the thyroids of the examined individuals and their housing conditions as well as consumption of meals prepared by the patients.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-020-00860-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T20:12:39Z","timestamp":1592683959000},"page":"559-564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["131I thyroid activity and committed dose assessment among family members of patients treated with radioactive iodine"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2677-4859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Brudecki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kluczewska-Ga\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Zagrodzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Jarz\u0105b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Gorzkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Mr\u00f3z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"860_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(98)90064-6","volume":"47","author":"PHR Barrett","year":"1998","unstructured":"Barrett PHR, Bell BM, Cobelli C, Golde H, Schumitzky A, Vicini P, Foster DM (1998) SAAM II: simulation, analysis, and modeling software for tracer and pharmacokinetic studies. Metabolism 47:484\u2013492","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"860_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-014-0543-8","volume":"53","author":"K Brudecki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brudecki K, Li WB, Meisenberg O, Tschiersch J, Hoeschen C, Oeh U (2014) Age-dependent inhalation doses to members of the public from indoor short-lived radon progeny. Radiat Environ Biophys 53:535\u2013549","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"key":"860_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-016-0674-1","volume":"56","author":"K Brudecki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brudecki K, Kowalska A, Zagrodzki P, Szczodry A, Mroz T, Janowski P, Mietelski JW (2017a) Measurement of 131I activity in thyroid of nuclear medical staff and internal dose assessment in a Polish nuclear medical hospital. Radiat Environ Biophys 56:19\u201326","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"860_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-016-0672-3","volume":"56","author":"K Brudecki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brudecki K, Szufa K, Mietelski JW (2017b) 131I age-dependent inhalation dose in southern Poland from Fukushima accident. Radiat Environ Biophys 56(1):9\u201317","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"860_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-017-0724-3","volume":"57","author":"K Brudecki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brudecki K, Szczodry A, Mr\u00f3\u017c T, Kowalska A, Mietelski JW (2018a) Measurement of 131I activity in air indoor Polish nuclear medical hospital as a tool for an internal dose assessment. Radiat Environ Biophys 57(1):77\u201382","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"issue":"3","key":"860_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncx274","volume":"179","author":"K Brudecki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brudecki K, Kluczewska-Ga\u0142ka A, Mr\u00f3z T, Jarz\u0105b B, Zagrodzki P, Janowski P (2018b) 131I internal contamination and committed dose assessment among nuclear medicine medical personnel. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 179(3):275\u2013281","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosimetry"},{"issue":"3","key":"860_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-019-00793-2","volume":"58","author":"K Brudecki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brudecki K, Borkowska E, Gorzkiewicz K, Kostkiewicz M, Mr\u00f3z T (2019) 99mTc activity concentrations in room air and resulting internal contamination of medical personnel during ventilation\u2013perfusion lung scans. Radiat Environ Biophys 58(3):469\u2013475","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"key":"860_CR8","unstructured":"European Atomic Energy Community (Euroatom) (1997) Radiation protection 97. Radiation protection following iodine - 131 therapy (Exposure due to out - patients or discharged in-patients). EURATOM, Brussels"},{"key":"860_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1946.02870190005002","volume":"131","author":"S Hertz","year":"1946","unstructured":"Hertz S, Roberts A (1946) Radioactive iodine in the study of thyroid physiology; the use of radioactive iodine therapy in hyperthyroidism. J Am Med Assoc 131:81\u201386","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"860_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) (1979) Limits for intakes of radionuclides by workers. ICRP Publication 30 (Part 1). Ann ICRP 2(3\u20134)","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-6453(79)90122-2"},{"key":"860_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) (1994) The human respiratory tract model for radiological protection. ICRP Publication 66. Ann ICRP 24(1\u20133)","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-6453(94)90018-3"},{"key":"860_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) (2002) Guide for the practical application of the ICRP human respiratory tract model. ICRP Supporting Guidance 3. Ann ICRP 32(1\u20132)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-6453(03)00011-3"},{"key":"860_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) (2004) Release of patients after therapy with unsealed radionuclides. ICRP Publication 94. Ann ICRP 34(2)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2004.08.001"},{"issue":"1","key":"860_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.5453\/jhps.44.116","volume":"44","author":"M Janik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Janik M, Tokonami S (2009) Natural and artificial sources of radioactivity in Poland. Jpn J Health Phys 44(1):116\u2013121","journal-title":"Jpn J Health Phys"},{"key":"860_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s10967-014-3051-z","volume":"300","author":"R Kierepko","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kierepko R, Janowski P, Grochowska M (2014) Variation of counting efficiency in determination of 131I activity in the thyroid gland as a result of its position relative to the detector. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 300:825\u2013828","journal-title":"J Radioanal Nucl Chem"},{"key":"860_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/317\/1\/012012","volume":"317","author":"MZ Kocovska","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kocovska MZ, Vaskova O, Majstorov V, Kuzmanovska S, Gjorceva DP, Jokic VS (2011a) Effective doses to family members of patients treated with radioiodine-131. J Phys Conf Ser 317:12\u201312","journal-title":"J Phys Conf Ser"},{"key":"860_CR17","first-page":"12","volume":"4","author":"MZ Kocovska","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kocovska MZ, Vaskova O, Majstorov V (2011b) RADAR calculated vs. TLD effective doses to family members of thyroid cancer patients treated with iodine 131. Maced J Med Sci 4:12\u201316","journal-title":"Maced J Med Sci"},{"key":"860_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1667\/RR2243.1","volume":"174","author":"RW Leggett","year":"2010","unstructured":"Leggett RW (2010) A physiological systems model for iodine for use in radiation protection. Radiat Res 174:496\u2013516","journal-title":"Radiat Res"},{"key":"860_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6498\/aa8d30","volume":"37","author":"RW Leggett","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leggett RW (2017) An age-specific biokinetic model for iodine. J Radiol Prot 37:864\u2013882","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"issue":"2","key":"860_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.5453\/jhps.53.72","volume":"53","author":"WB Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li WB (2018) Internal dosimetry\u2014a review of progress. Jpn J Health Phys 53(2):72\u201399","journal-title":"Jpn J Health Phys"},{"key":"860_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-199902000-00004","volume":"76","author":"I Mathieu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mathieu I, Caussin J, Smeesters P, Wambersie A, Beckers C (1999) Recommended restrictions after 131I therapy: measured doses in family members. Health Phys 76:129\u2013136","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"860_CR22","first-page":"519","volume":"58","author":"JW Mietelski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mietelski JW, Janowski P, Kierepko R, Hajduk R, Bogacz J, Jurkowski J, Ochab E (2013) A Whole-Body Spectrometer (WBS) at the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krak\u00f3w: design and results for Polish citizens visiting Japan during the Fukushima accident. Nukleonika 58(4):519\u2013525","journal-title":"Nukleonika"},{"key":"860_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/nci337","volume":"118","author":"GS Pant","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pant GS, Sharma SK, Bal CS, Kumar R, Rath GK (2005) Radiation dose to family members of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer patients treated with 131I. Radiat Prot Dosim 118:22\u201327","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"},{"issue":"14","key":"860_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1946.02870490016004","volume":"132","author":"SM Seidlin","year":"1946","unstructured":"Seidlin SM, Marinelli LD, Oshry E (1946) Radioactive iodine therapy; effect on functioning metastases of adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. J Am Med Assoc 132(14):838\u2013847","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"860_CR25","unstructured":"United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) (1997a) Regulatory analysis on criteria for the release of patients administered radioactive material. Final report. USNRC, Washington"},{"key":"860_CR26","unstructured":"United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) (1997b) Regulatory Guide 8.39. Release of patients administered radioactive materials. USNRC, Washington"},{"key":"860_CR27","first-page":"541","volume":"174","author":"M Zehtabian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zehtabian M, Dehghan N, Danaei Ghazanfarkhani M, Haghighatafshar M, Sina S (2017) Measurement of the dose to the family members taking care of thyroid cancer patients undergoing I-131 therapy in nuclear medicine using TLD-100. Radiat Prot Dosim 174:541\u2013544","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"}],"container-title":["Radiation and Environmental Biophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00411-020-00860-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00411-020-00860-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00411-020-00860-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,19]],"date-time":"2021-06-19T23:22:22Z","timestamp":1624144942000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00411-020-00860-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00411-020-00860-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-634X","1432-2099"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0301-634X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-2099"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}