{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T13:47:20Z","timestamp":1787665640731,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiat Environ Biophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-025-01117-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T09:20:14Z","timestamp":1741080014000},"page":"275-289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Commissioning and performance assessment of diodes and MOSFETs in in-vivo dosimetry for external beam radiation therapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Omama","family":"Al Kharusi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raya","family":"Al Mamari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balaqis","family":"Al Hosni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqbal","family":"Al Amri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Al Fishawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed-Rachid","family":"Boulassel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yassine","family":"Bouchareb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1117_CR1","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Ionizing radiation dosimetry","author":"P Andreo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Andreo P, Burns DT, Nahum AE, Seuntjens J, Attix FH (2017) Fundamentals of Ionizing radiation dosimetry. Wiley, Weinheim"},{"issue":"Supplement 4","key":"1117_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(01)00438-5","volume":"38","author":"J Bernier","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bernier J, Horiot JC, Poortmans P (2002) Quality assurance in radiotherapy: from radiation physics to patient- and trial-oriented control procedures. Eur J Cancer 38(Supplement 4):155\u2013158","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"1117_CR3","unstructured":"Bogdanich W (2010a) Radiation offers new cures, and ways to do harm. New York Times, 23 Jan 2010"},{"key":"1117_CR4","unstructured":"Bogdanich W (2010b) A pinpoint beam strays invisibly, harming instead of healing. New York Times, 29 Dec 2010"},{"key":"1117_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-4-44","volume":"4","author":"K Bratengeier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bratengeier K, Oechsner M, Gainey M, Flentje M (2009) Remarks on reporting and recording consistent with the ICRU reference dose. Radiat Oncol 4:44","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"1117_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4266","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3467753","volume":"37","author":"C-W Cheng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cheng C-W, Wolanski M, Zhao Q, Fanelli L, Gautam A, Pack D, Das IJ (2010) Dosimetric characteristics of a single use MOSFET dosimeter for in vivo dosimetry in proton therapy. Med Phys 37:4266\u20134273","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"1117_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1481520","volume":"29","author":"CF Chuang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chuang CF, Verhey LJ, Xia P (2002) Investigation of the use of MOSFET for clinical IMRT dosimetric verifi cation. Med Phys 29:1109\u20131115","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"1117_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncn235","volume":"131","author":"S Derreumaux","year":"2008","unstructured":"Derreumaux S, Etard C, Huet C, Trompier F, Clairand I, Bottollier-Depois J-F, Aubert B, Gourmelon P (2008) Lessons from recent accidents in radiation therapy in France. Radiat Prot Dosim 131:130\u2013135","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"},{"key":"1117_CR9","unstructured":"Radiation Products Design, Inc. Electrometers & dosimeters, MOSFET dosimeters. Electrometers, dosimeters, MOSFETs dosimeters manual. https:\/\/www.rpdinc.com\/2019-J-Electrometers_Dosimeters_Mosfet_Dosimeters.pdf"},{"key":"1117_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S1507-1367(04)71009-3","volume":"9","author":"M Dybek","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dybek M, Lobodziec W, Iwanicki T, KawaIwanicka A, Markisch S, Zipper W (2004) MOSFET detectors as a tool for dose verification in photon beam radiotherapy. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 9:45\u201350","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"},{"key":"1117_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00341-1","volume":"43","author":"M Essers","year":"1999","unstructured":"Essers M, Mijnheer BJ (1999) In vivo dosimetry during external photon beam radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 43:245\u2013259","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1117_CR12","unstructured":"Bogdanich W (2010c) As technology surges, radiation safeguards lag. New York Times, 26 Jan 2010"},{"key":"1117_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(00)00195-X","volume":"56","author":"C Fiorino","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fiorino C, Corletto D, Mangili P, Broggi S, Bonini A, Cattaneo G, Parisi R, Rosso A, Signorotto P, Villa E, Calandrino R (2000) Quality assurance by systematic in vivo dosimetry: results on a large cohort of patients. Radiother Oncol 56:85\u201395","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"1117_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez K, Figueroa-Medina E, Gamboa-deBuen I (2016) Calibration and correction factors of a set of semiconductor diodes for its use in external radiation therapy. AIP conference proceedings","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4954101"},{"issue":"3","key":"1117_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/S1507-1367(10)60001-6","volume":"13","author":"A Gopiraj","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gopiraj A, Billimagga RS, Ramasubramanian V (2008) Performance characteristics and commissioning of MOSFET as an in-vivo dosimeter for high energy photon external beam radiation therapy. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 13(3):114\u2013125","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"},{"key":"1117_CR16","unstructured":"European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (2004) Practical guidelines for the implementation of in vivo dosimetry with diodes in external radiotherapy with photon beams (entrance dose). Physics for clinical radiotherapy, booklet no. 5. ESTRO, Brussels"},{"issue":"1","key":"1117_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1017\/S1460396902000122","volume":"3","author":"O Holmberg","year":"2002","unstructured":"Holmberg O, McClean B (2002) Preventing treatment errors in rdiotherapy by identifying and evaluating near misses and actual incidents. J Radiother Pract 3(1):13\u201325","journal-title":"J Radiother Pract"},{"key":"1117_CR18","volume-title":"Investigation of an accidental exposure of radiotherapy patients in panama: report of a team of experts","author":"International Atomic Energy Agency","year":"2001","unstructured":"International Atomic Energy Agency (2001) Investigation of an accidental exposure of radiotherapy patients in panama: report of a team of experts. IAEA, Vienna"},{"key":"1117_CR19","unstructured":"International Atomic Energy Agency (2013) Development of procedures for in vivo dosimetry in radiotherapy, IAEA human health report no. 8 (International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA, Vienna, Austria, 2013)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1117_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2009.12.001","volume":"39","author":"International Commission on Radiological Protection","year":"2009","unstructured":"International Commission on Radiological Protection (2009) ICRP publication 112: preventing accidental exposures from new external beam radiation therapy technologies. Ann ICRP 39(4):1\u201386","journal-title":"Ann ICRP"},{"issue":"9","key":"1117_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2534","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1785452","volume":"31","author":"N Jornet","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jornet N, Carrasco P, Jurado D, Ruiz A, Eudaldo T, Ribas M (2004) Comparison study of MOSFET detectors and diodes for entrance in vivo dosimetry in 18 MV X-ray beams. Med Phys 31(9):2534\u20132542","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"1117_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3397807","volume":"37","author":"A Mans","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mans A, Wendling M, McDermott LN, Sonke J-J, Mijnheer B, van Herk M, Stroom JC (2010) Catching errors with in vivo EPID dosimetry. Med Phys 37:2638\u20132644","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"1117_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012014","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1083\/1\/012014","volume":"1083","author":"R Marzuki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marzuki R, Rahman AA, Mustafa IS, Shabandi AN (2018) Diode dosimetric characteristics assessment for in-vivo dosimetry in radiotherapy treatment. J Phys Conf Ser 1083:012014","journal-title":"J Phys Conf Ser"},{"key":"1117_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2006.12.003","volume":"19","author":"WPM Mayles","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mayles WPM (2007) The Glasgow incident\u2014a physicist\u2019s reflections. Clin Oncol 19:4\u20137","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1117_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29322\/IJSRP.11.01.2021.p10989","author":"AS Nureddin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nureddin AS, Musa P, Mohamed-Elfadil M (2021) Calibration and correction factors of ISO-rad diodes P-type for in-vivo dosimetry in external beam therapy with Co-60. Int J Sci Res Publ IJSRP. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29322\/IJSRP.11.01.2021.p10989","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res Publ IJSRP"},{"key":"1117_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2023.110730","volume":"196","author":"MM Pejovi\u0107","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pejovi\u0107 MM, Pejovi\u0107 SM (2023) P-channel MOSFET as ionizing radiation detector. Appl Radiat Isot 196:110730","journal-title":"Appl Radiat Isot"},{"key":"1117_CR27","unstructured":"European Society of Radiation Oncology (2001) Practical guidelines for the implementation of in vivo dosimetry with diodes in external radiotherapy with photon beams (entrance dose). ESTRO booklet no. 5. European Society of Radiation Oncology, Brussels, Belgium"},{"key":"1117_CR28","unstructured":"International Commission on Radiological Protection (2000) Prevention of accidents to patients undergoing radiation therapy. ICRP publication 86. ICRP, Bethesda"},{"issue":"4","key":"1117_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(96)00600-1","volume":"37","author":"R Ramani","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ramani R, Russell S, O\u2019Brien P (1997) Clinical dosimetry using MOSFETs. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 37(4):959\u2013964","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1117_CR30","unstructured":"Radiation Therapy Committee Report of TG 62 (2005) Diode in vivo dosimetry for patients receiving external beam radiation therapy. AAPM report no. 87. Medical Physics Publishing, Madison"},{"key":"1117_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00894-8","volume":"40","author":"P Scalchi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Scalchi P, Francescon P (1998) Calibration of a MOSFET detection system for 6-MV in-vivo dosimetry. Int Jr Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 40:987\u2013993","journal-title":"Int Jr Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1117_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012012","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/630\/1\/012012","volume":"630","author":"MAG Silveira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Silveira MAG, Melo MAA, Aguiar VAP, Rallo A, Santos RBB, Medina NH (2015) A commercial off-the-shelf pMOS transistor as X-ray and heavy ion detector. J Phys Conf Ser 630:012012","journal-title":"J Phys Conf Ser"},{"key":"1117_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-5093-3","volume-title":"Radiation detectors for medical applications","author":"S Tavernier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tavernier S, Gektin A, Grinyov B, Moses WW (2006) Radiation detectors for medical applications. Springer"},{"issue":"4","key":"1117_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncq566","volume":"147","author":"M Tunio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tunio M, Rafi M, Ali S, Ahmed Z, Zameer A, Hashmi A, Maqbool SA (2011) In vivo dosimetry with diodes in a radiotherapy department in Pakistan. Radiat Prot Dosim 147(4):608\u2013613","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"},{"key":"1117_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2006.12.004","volume":"19","author":"MV Williams","year":"2007","unstructured":"Williams MV (2007) Radiotherapy near misses, incidents and errors: radiotherapy incident in Glasgow. Clin Oncol 19:1\u20133","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1117_CR36","volume-title":"Radiotherapy risk profile","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2008) Radiotherapy risk profile. World Health Organization, Geneva"}],"container-title":["Radiation and Environmental Biophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00411-025-01117-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00411-025-01117-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00411-025-01117-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T04:04:29Z","timestamp":1746245069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00411-025-01117-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00411-025-01117-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-634X","1432-2099"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-634X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2099","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable (no human and animal subjects were used in this work).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}