{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:30:51Z","timestamp":1787027451965,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005639","name":"Universidade De S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005639","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiat Environ Biophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to investigate the protective and remineralizing capabilities of biosilicate, chitosan, and fluoride on demineralized enamel, pre- and post-radiotherapy (RT). Enamel samples (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009180) underwent artificial caries process (ACP) and 70\u00a0Gy irradiation. They were divided into ten groups (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200918): Biosilicate Suspension Pre-RT (G1), Post-RT (G2); Biosilicate Gel Pre-RT (G3), Post-RT (G4); Chitosan Gel Pre-RT (G5), Post-RT (G6); Fluoridated Gel Pre-RT (G7), Post-RT (G8); Caries Control\u2009+\u2009RT (G9); No Caries Control\u2009+\u2009RT (G10). Knoop microhardness and surface roughness were measured pre- and post-ACP and post-treatment. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) evaluated topography. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman Spectroscopy assessed chemical composition. ACP caused enamel prism disruption. G10 had the highest microhardness and lowest roughness (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). G3 and G5 performed better pre-RT; G4 and G8 performed better post-RT. SEM and AFM showed surface protection and particle deposition in the treated groups. No significant chemical differences were found in EDS and Raman analyses. Biosilicate and partially preserved enamel microhardness and offered protective effects, alongside fluoride. These materials may benefit head and neck cancer patients by forming a protective layer and preventing radiation-related enamel demineralization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-026-01234-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:42:02Z","timestamp":1782189722000},"page":"967-981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protective and remineralizing capacity of biosilicate, chitosan-based material, and fluoride on demineralized and irradiated enamel"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7290-8451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly Fernanda","family":"Molena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3256-636X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente Silva","family":"Mattos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3081-8332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jarbas Caiado","family":"de Castro Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8559-532X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Wanderley Garcia","family":"de Paula-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harley Francisco","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3247-0248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina Guenka","family":"Palma-Dibb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1455-1538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda","family":"de Carvalho Panzeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2900-5000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra Mussolino","family":"de Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1234_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abreu JD, Silva SO, Amorim AA, Jos\u00e9 Soares E, Geng-Vivanco R, Arruda CNF, Pires-de-Souza FCP (2023) Incorporation of bioactive glass-ceramic into coconut oil for remineralization of incipient carious lesions. Braz Dent J., 2023; 34(6):82\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440202305636","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440202305636"},{"key":"1234_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amorim AA, Soares EJ, Pires-de-Souza FCP (2024) Development and effect of orodispersible film incorporated with biosilicate for remineralization of dental enamel subjected to cariogenic and erosive challenge. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater., 2024; 112(7):e35446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.b.35446","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.35446"},{"key":"1234_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Araujo LC, Amorim AA, Vivanco RG, Arruda CNF, Bikker FJ, Pires-de-Souza FCP (2023) The effect of phytosphingosine and bioactive glass-ceramics in preventing dental enamel erosion. Braz Dent J., 2023; 34(2):88\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440202304904","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440202304904"},{"key":"1234_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arid J, Palma-Dibb RG, de Oliveira HF, Nelson-Filho P, de Carvalho FK, da Silva LAB, de Siqueira Mellara T, da Silva RAB, Faraoni JJ, de Queiroz AM (2020) Permanent teeth support care after radiotherapy. Support Care Cancer. 2020;28(1):239\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-019-04782-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-019-04782-5"},{"key":"1234_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arid J, Palma-Dibb RG, Molena KF, Faraoni JJ, Fillus TM, Tanimoto HM, Ranieri ALP, Paula-Silva FWG, Nelson-Filho P, de Macedo LD, Queiroz AM (2024) Abrasive challenge effects on enamel and dentin from irradiated human teeth: An in vitro study. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2024;63(4):573\u2013582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00411-024-01094-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-024-01094-z"},{"key":"1234_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barbosa PIZ, Lima RB, Marubayashi LM, Oliveira HF, Silva RABD, Nelson-Filho P, Arnez MFM, Paula-Silva FWG, Queiroz AM (2023) Activation of gelatinases in permanent human teeth after different experimental radiotherapy protocols. Braz Dent J. 2023;34(6):130\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440202305542","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440202305542"},{"issue":"2","key":"1234_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3857\/roj.2020.00213","volume":"38","author":"I Brook","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brook I (2020) Late side effects of radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol J 38(2):84\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3857\/roj.2020.00213","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol J"},{"key":"1234_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chinelatti MA, Tirapelli C, Corona SAM, Jasinevicius RG, Peitl O, Zanotto ED, Pires-de-Souza FCP (2017) Effect of a bioactive glass ceramic on the control of enamel and dentin erosion lesions. Braz Dent J., 2017; 28(4):489\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440201601524","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440201601524"},{"key":"1234_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"De Cicco D, Tartaro G, Ciardiello F, Fasano M, Rauso R, Fiore F, Spuntarelli C, Troiano A, Lo Giudice G, Colella G (2021) Health-related quality of life in oral cancer patients: scoping review and critical appraisal of investigated determinants. Cancers 13(17):4398, 4398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers13174398","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13174398"},{"key":"1234_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Conti GB, de Lima Oliveira RF, Amorim AA, de Oliveira HF, Pires-de-Souza FCP, de Queiroz AM (2022) Color stability and microhardness alteration of irradiated dental enamel treated with a high fluoride concentration toothpaste. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(9):5885\u20135892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-022-04546-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04546-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"1234_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2013.1246","volume":"216","author":"SB Critchlow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Critchlow SB, Morgan C, Leung T (2014) The oral health status of pre-treatment head and neck cancer patients. Br Dent J 216(1):E1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bdj.2013.1246","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1234_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-009-0355-4","volume":"15","author":"RJ De Moor","year":"2011","unstructured":"De Moor RJ, Stassen IG, Torbeyns D (2011) Two-year clinical performance of glass ionomer and resin composite restorations in xerostomic head- and neck-irradiated cancer patients. Clin Oral Investig 15(1):31\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-009-0355-4","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"2","key":"1234_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-024-01068-1","volume":"63","author":"TT Dos Santos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dos Santos TT, Mattos VS, Molena KF, de Paula-Silva FWG, de Oliveira HF, Faraoni JJ, Nelson-Filho P, de Castro Neto JC, Palma-Dibb RG, de Queiroz AM (2024) The effects of re-irradiation on the chemical and morphological properties of permanent teeth. Radiat Environ Biophys 63(2):283\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00411-024-01068-1","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"issue":"9","key":"1234_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5673","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04524-8","volume":"26","author":"MP Dur","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dur MP, Celik N, Seven N (2022) Evaluation of the changes in physical properties and mineral content of enamel exposed to radiation after treating with remineralization agent. Clin Oral Investig 26(9):5673\u20135685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-022-04524-8","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"5","key":"1234_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2024.04.001","volume":"13","author":"SM Fathy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fathy SM, Abdelhafez A, Darwesh FA, Elkhooly TA (2024) Evaluation of incipient enamel-carious-like lesion treated with hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocomposite hydrogel. J World Fed Orthod 13(5):211\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejwf.2024.04.001","journal-title":"J World Fed Orthod"},{"issue":"5","key":"1234_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E359","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210","volume":"136","author":"J Ferlay","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, Parkin DM, Forman D, Bray F (2015) Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer 136(5):E359\u2013E386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.29210","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"1234_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04445-6","volume":"26","author":"AC Ferreira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ferreira AC, de Lima Oliveira RF, Amorim AA, Geng-Vivanco R, de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza F (2022) Remineralization of caries-affected dentin and color stability of teeth restored after treatment with silver diamine fluoride and bioactive glass-ceramic. Clin Oral Investig 26(7):4805\u20134816. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-022-04445-6","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"1234_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Geng Vivanco R, Sousa ABS, Oliveira VC, Sinhoreti MAC, Pires-de-Souza FCP (2024) Effect of the use of bromelain associated with bioactive glass-ceramic on dentin\/adhesive interface. Clin Oral Investig 28(1):106, 106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-024-05496-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05496-7"},{"issue":"8","key":"1234_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2014.05.011","volume":"42","author":"LM Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves LM, Palma-Dibb RG, Paula-Silva FW, Oliveira HF, Nelson-Filho P, Silva LA, Queiroz AM (2014) Radiation therapy alters microhardness and microstructure of enamel and dentin of permanent human teeth. J Dent 42(8):986\u2013992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2014.05.011","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"1234_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-5950.183870","volume":"6","author":"N Gupta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gupta N, Pal M, Rawat S, Grewal MS, Garg H, Chauhan D, Ahlawat P, Tandon S, Khurana R, Pahuja AK, Mayank M, Devnani B (2015) Radiation-induced dental caries, prevention and treatment: a systematic review. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 6(2):160\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0975-5950.183870","journal-title":"Natl J Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1234_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.13075","volume":"45","author":"S Guzm\u00e1n","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guzm\u00e1n S, L\u00f3pez P, Cort\u00e9s O (2025) Effect of application of dental varnishes on the properties and chemical composition in irradiated teeth. Spec Care Dentist 45(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/scd.13075","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"key":"1234_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van Harten AM, Brakenhoff RH (2021) Targeted treatment of head and neck (pre)cancer: preclinical target identification and development of novel therapeutic applications. Cancers (Basel) 13(11):2774, 2774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers13112774","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13112774"},{"issue":"1","key":"1234_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-3829-y","volume":"26","author":"CHL Hong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hong CHL, Hu S, Haverman T, Stokman M, Nape\u00f1as JJ, Braber JB, Gerber E, Geuke M, Vardas E, Waltimo T, Jensen SB, Saunders DP (2018) A systematic review of dental disease management in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 26(1):155\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-017-3829-y","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"1234_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-8140(83)80009-7","volume":"1","author":"JC Horiot","year":"1983","unstructured":"Horiot JC, Schraub S, Bone MC, Bain Y, Ramadier J, Chaplain G, Nabid N, Thevenot B, Bransfield D (1983) Dental preservation in patients irradiated for head and neck tumours: a 10-year experience with topical fluoride and a randomized trial between two fluoridation methods. Radiother Oncol 1(1):77\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0167-8140(83)80009-7","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1234_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2019.02.007","volume":"5","author":"JD Horton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Horton JD, Knochelmann HM, Day TA, Paulos CM, Neskey DM (2019) Immune evasion by head and neck cancer: foundations for combination therapy. Trends Cancer 5(4):208\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trecan.2019.02.007","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"1234_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Morgan GW, Foster K, Healy B, Opie C, Huynh V (2018) Improving Health and Cancer Services in Low-Resource Countries to Attain the Sustainable Development Goals Target 3.4 for Noncommunicable Diseases. J Glob Oncol. 2018;4:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JGO.18.00185. PMID: 30582432; PMCID: PMC7010423","DOI":"10.1200\/JGO.18.00185"},{"key":"1234_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johnson DE, Burtness B, Leemans CR, Lui VWY, Bauman JE, Grandis JR (2020) Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 6(1):92, 92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-020-00224-3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00224-3"},{"key":"1234_CR29","unstructured":"Jongebloed WL, Gravenmade EJ, Retief DH (1988) Radiation caries: A review and SEM study. Am J Dent. 1988;1(4):139\u2013146"},{"issue":"3","key":"1234_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.JCRT_8_19","volume":"16","author":"J Kudkuli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kudkuli J, Agrawal A, Gurjar OP, Sharma SD, Rekha PD, Manzoor MAP, Singh B, Rao BS, Abdulla R (2020) Demineralization of tooth enamel following radiation therapy: An in vitro microstructure and microhardness analysis. J Cancer Res Ther 16(3):612\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcrt.JCRT_8_19","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"issue":"16","key":"1234_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000025540","volume":"100","author":"HJ Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee HJ, Han DH, Kim JH, Wu HG (2021) The effect of a comprehensive oral care program on oral health and quality of life in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: a quasi-experimental case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 100(16). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000025540","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1234_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2018-0044","volume":"27","author":"CCA Lopes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lopes CCA, Soares CJ, Lara VC, Arana-Chavez VE, Soares PB, Novais VR (2018) Effect of fluoride application during radiotherapy on enamel demineralization. J Appl Oral Sci 27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1678-7757-2018-0044","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"1234_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lopes AG, Magalh\u00e3es TC, Carlo HL, Dos Santos RL, Munchow EA, Carvalho FG (2023) Preparation and characterization of NaF\/chitosan supramolecular complex and their effects on prevention of enamel demineralization. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 147:106134, 106134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2023.106134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2023.106134"},{"key":"1234_CR34","unstructured":"McComb D, Erickson RL, Maxymiw WG, Wood RE (2002) A clinical comparison of glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer and resin composite restorations in the treatment of cervical caries in xerostomic head and neck radiation patients. Oper Dent. 2002;27(5):430\u2013437"},{"key":"1234_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moron BM, Comar LP, Wiegand A, Buchalla W, Yu H, Buzalaf MA, Magalh\u00e3es AC (2013) Different protocols to produce artificial dentine carious lesions in vitro and in situ: hardness and mineral content correlation. Caries Res 47(2):162\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000345362","DOI":"10.1159\/000345362"},{"key":"1234_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Panzeri Pires-de-Souza Fde C, Silveira RE, Abuna G, Chinelatti MA, Alandia-Rom\u00e1n CC, Sinhoreti MA (2015) Morphology of sealant\/enamel interface after surface treatment with bioactive glass. Microsc Res Tech., 2015; 78(12):1062\u20131068. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jemt.22585","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22585"},{"issue":"10134","key":"1234_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30482-3","volume":"391","author":"LW Niessen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Niessen LW, Mohan D, Akuoku JK, Mirelman AJ, Ahmed S, Koehlmoos TP, Trujillo A, Khan J, Peters DH (2018) Tackling socioeconomic inequalities and non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries under the Sustainable Development agenda. Lancet 391(10134):2036\u20132046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30482-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"1234_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1971","volume":"14","author":"SB Nimbeni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nimbeni SB, Nimbeni BS, Divakar DD (2021) Role of chitosan in remineralization of enamel and dentin: a systematic review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 14(4):562\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1971","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"1234_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-020-1327-y","volume":"228","author":"V Patel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patel V, Patel D, Browning T, Patel S, McGurk M, Sassoon I, Guerrero Urbano T, Fenlon M (2020) Presenting pre-radiotherapy dental status of head and neck cancer patients in the novel radiation era. Br Dent J 228(6):435\u2013440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41415-020-1327-y","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1234_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3290\/j.jad.b2916451","volume":"24","author":"FCP Pires-de-Souza","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pires-de-Souza FCP, Tonani-Torrieri R, Geng Vivanco R, Arruda CNF, Geraldeli S, Sinhoreti MAC, Roulet JF (2022) Effect of incorporation of bioactive glass-ceramic into self-etch adhesives. J Adhes Dent 24(2):195\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3290\/j.jad.b2916451","journal-title":"J Adhes Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"1234_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2023.05.018","volume":"35","author":"C Pushpalatha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pushpalatha C, Gayathri VS, Sowmya SV, Augustine D, Alamoudi A, Zidane B, Hassan Mohammad Albar N, Bhandi S (2023) Nanohydroxyapatite in dentistry: a comprehensive review. Saudi Dent J 35(6):741\u2013752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sdentj.2023.05.018","journal-title":"Saudi Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1234_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1159\/000492081","volume":"53","author":"AM Queiroz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Queiroz AM, Bonilla CMC, Palma-Dibb RG, Oliveira HF, Nelson-Filho P, Silva LAB, Lucisano MP, Paula-Silva FWG (2019) Radiotherapy activates and protease inhibitors inactivate matrix metalloproteinases in the dentinoenamel junction of permanent teeth. Caries Res 53(3):253\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000492081","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"1234_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2025.08.006","volume":"41","author":"IB Quero","year":"2025","unstructured":"Quero IB, Dias PC, Magalh\u00e3es NL, Faraoni JJ, Palma-Dibb RG (2025) Biomodification of coronal bovine dentin with chitosan solutions associated with modified nano-hydroxyapatite and Biosilicate\u00ae. Dent Mater 41(12):1581\u20131588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2025.08.006","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"1234_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rafiee A, Memarpour M, Amiri M, Azadi A, Fekri N, Mozafari N, Razmjouei F (2024) Comparison of various chitosan-based in situ forming gels with sodium fluoride varnish for enamel biomineralization. Sci Rep 14(1):21100, 21100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-71993-0","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-71993-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"1234_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.03.025","volume":"148","author":"GC Santin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Santin GC, Palma-Dibb RG, Romano FL, de Oliveira HF, Nelson Filho P, de Queiroz AM (2015) Physical and adhesive properties of dental enamel after radiotherapy and bonding of metal and ceramic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 148(2):283\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.03.025","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"1234_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-009-0633-3","volume":"18","author":"AR Silva","year":"2010","unstructured":"Silva AR, Alves FA, Berger SB, Giannini M, Goes MF, Lopes MA (2010) Radiation-related caries and early restoration failure in head and neck cancer patients: a polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy study. Support Care Cancer 18(1):83\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-009-0633-3","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"1234_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sionov RV, Tsavdaridou D, Aqawi M, Zaks B, Steinberg D, Shalish M (2021) Tooth mousse containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate prevents biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. BMC Oral Health., 2021; 21(1):136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-021-01502-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01502-6"},{"key":"1234_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Soliman EM, Abdelfattah WM, Mohamed DR, Nagui DA, Holiel AA (2026) Clinical evaluation of the remineralizing potential of biomimetic scaffolds on enamel white spot lesions: A 12-month randomized controlled trial. J Dent., 2026; 166:106303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.106303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.106303"},{"key":"1234_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stafin K, \u015aliwa P, Pi\u0105tkowski M, Matysek D (2026) Synergistic role of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan in regulating phase maturation and crystallinity of biomimetic calcium phosphate: From precursors to apatite. Carbohydr Polym. 2026; 375:124763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124763"},{"key":"1234_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sogi GM (2025) Sustainable Development Goals and Oral Health: A Forsaken Link. Contemp Clin Dent. 2025 Jan-Mar;16(1):1\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_120_25. Epub 2025 Mar 25. PMID: 40270862; PMCID: PMC12013998","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_120_25"},{"key":"1234_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suwannapong N, Chantarangsu S, Kamnoedboon P, Srinivasan M, Pianmee C, Bunsong C, Sivavong P, Nantanapiboon D (2025) Effect of different protocols in preventing demineralization in irradiated human enamel: An in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2025; 25(1):46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-05404-1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-05404-1"},{"key":"1234_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tamahara T, Kouketsu A (2025) Direct radiation damage to human tooth under IMRT for head and neck cancer: physicochemical evidence supporting a non-salivary mechanism for radiation-related caries. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2025 Dec 15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00411-025-01180-w","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-025-01180-w"},{"key":"1234_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thariat J, Ramus L, Darcourt V, Marcy PY, Guevara N, Odin G, Poissonnet G, Castillo L, Ali AM, Righini C (2012) Compliance with fluoride custom trays in irradiated head and neck cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(8):1811\u20131814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-011-1279-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-011-1279-5"},{"key":"1234_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tirapelli C, Panzeri H, Lara EH, Soares RG, Peitl O, Zanotto ED (2011) The effect of a novel crystallised bioactive glass-ceramic powder on dentine hypersensitivity: A long-term clinical study. J Oral Rehabil. 2011;38(4):253\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2010.02157.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2010.02157.x"},{"key":"1234_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang C, Fang Y, Zhang L, Su Z, Xu J, Fu B (2021) Enamel microstructural features of bovine and human incisors: a comparative study. Ann Anat 235:151700, 151700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aanat.2021.151700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2021.151700"},{"key":"1234_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu L, Geng K, Gao Q (2020) Effects of different anti-caries procedures on microhardness and micromorphology of irradiated permanent enamel. Dent Mater J. 2020; 39(1):118\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4012\/dmj.2018-385","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2018-385"},{"issue":"4","key":"1234_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/146038","volume":"59","author":"SA Yamakami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yamakami SA, Faraoni JJ, Lia NSND, Regula FB, Ohyama H, Palma-Dibb RG (2022) Effect of an experimental chitosan\/casein gel on demineralized enamel under a cariogenic challenge. Dent Med Probl 59(4):531\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17219\/dmp\/146038","journal-title":"Dent Med Probl"},{"key":"1234_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yao L, Li Y, Fu D, Wang Y, Hua C, Zou L, Jiang L (2024) The damage and remineralization strategies of dental hard tissues following radiotherapy. BMC Oral Health 24(1):805, 805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04561-7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04561-7"},{"issue":"8","key":"1234_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2020-0881","volume":"17","author":"M Yuwanati","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yuwanati M, Gondivkar S, Sarode SC, Gadbail A, Desai A, Mhaske S, Pathak SK, N Khatib M (2021) Oral health-related quality of life in oral cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Future Oncol 17(8):979\u2013990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/fon-2020-0881","journal-title":"Future Oncol"}],"container-title":["Radiation and Environmental Biophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00411-026-01234-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00411-026-01234-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00411-026-01234-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:17:42Z","timestamp":1787026662000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00411-026-01234-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1234"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00411-026-01234-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-634X","1432-2099"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-634X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2099","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}