{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:58:01Z","timestamp":1789739881121,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]],"date-time":"2016-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470182400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Legal Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-016-1430-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]],"date-time":"2016-08-02T23:43:16Z","timestamp":1470181396000},"page":"803-812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Cranium asymmetry in a modern Greek population sample of known age and sex"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8187-8031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria-Eleni","family":"Chovalopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Papageorgopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Bertsatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"1430_CR1","volume-title":"Essentials of facial growth","author":"DH Enlow","year":"1996","unstructured":"Enlow DH, Hans MG (1996) Essentials of facial growth. Saunders, Philadelphia"},{"key":"1430_CR2","first-page":"454","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: diagnosis, evaluation, and management","author":"DH Enlow","year":"2000","unstructured":"Enlow DH (2000) Normal craniofacial growth. In: Cohen MM, MacLean RE (eds) Craniosynostosis: diagnosis, evaluation, and management. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 454\u2013472"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR3","first-page":"18","volume":"56","author":"A Gawlikowska","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gawlikowska A (2010) Ontogeny and phylogeny of the skull. Roczniki- Pomorska Akademia Medycznej W Szczecinie 56(2):18\u201321","journal-title":"Roczniki- Pomorska Akademia Medycznej W Szczecinie"},{"issue":"5","key":"1430_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2006.00644.x","volume":"209","author":"M Bastir","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bastir M, Rosas A, O\u2019Higgins P (2006) Craniofacial levels and the morphological maturation of the human skull. J Anat 209(5):637\u2013654","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(99)80103-4","volume":"181","author":"DS Hahn","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hahn DS, Fangh\u00e4nel J, Kubein-Meesenburg D, N\u00e4gerl H, Hanschke M (1999) Interpretation of the vertical and longitudinal growth of the human skull. Ann Anat 181(1):99\u2013103","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"1430_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195143454.001.0001","volume-title":"Developmental instability: causes and consequences","author":"M Polak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Polak M (2003) Developmental instability: causes and consequences. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"1430_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198548959.001.0001","volume-title":"Asymmetry, developmental stability, and evolution","author":"AP M\u00f8ller","year":"1997","unstructured":"M\u00f8ller AP, Swaddle JP (1997) Asymmetry, developmental stability, and evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"issue":"9","key":"1430_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2829","volume":"11","author":"CP Klingenberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Klingenberg CP (2010) Evolution and development of shape: integrating quantitative approaches. Nat Rev Genet 11(9):623\u2013635","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.3390\/sym2020466","volume":"2","author":"JH Graham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Graham JH, Raz S, Nevo E, Hel-Or H (2010) Fluctuating asymmetry: methods, theory, and applications. Symmetry 2(2):466\u2013540","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"1430_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195143454.003.0002","volume-title":"Developmental instability: causes and consequences","author":"CP Klingenberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Klingenberg CP (2003) A developmental perspective on developmental instability: theory, models and mechanisms. In: Polak M (ed) Developmental instability: causes and consequences. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 14\u201334"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2006.00603.x","volume":"88","author":"T Saucede","year":"2006","unstructured":"Saucede T, Alibert P, Laurin B, David B (2006) Environmental and ontogenetic constraints on developmental stability in the spatangoid sea urchin Echinocardium (Echinoidea). Biol J Linn Soc 88(2):165\u2013177","journal-title":"Biol J Linn Soc"},{"key":"1430_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S1464793101005796","volume":"77","author":"LS Lens","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lens LS, Van DS, Kark S, Matthysen E (2002) Fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of fitness: can we bridge the gap between studies? Biol Rev 77:27\u201338","journal-title":"Biol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-8531(98)90108-2","volume":"2","author":"GW Heinz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Heinz GW, Clunie DA, Mullaney PB (1998) The effect of buphthalmos on orbital growth in early childhood: increased orbital soft tissue volume strongly correlates with increased orbital volume. J AAPOS 2(1):39\u201342","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"5","key":"1430_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2004.04.010","volume":"32","author":"L Clauster","year":"2004","unstructured":"Clauster L, Sarti E, Dallera V, Galie M (2004) Integrated reconstructive strategies for treating the anophthalmic orbit. J Cranio Maxillofac Surg 32(5):279\u2013290","journal-title":"J Cranio Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000096703.91122.69","volume":"113","author":"CC Yu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yu CC, Wong FH, Lo LJ, Chen YR (2004) Craniofacial deformity in patients with uncorrected congenital muscular torticollis: an assessment from three-dimensional computed tomography imaging. Plast Reconstr Surg 113(1):24\u201333","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1430_CR16","first-page":"309","volume-title":"On growth and form. Spatio temporal pattern formation in biology","author":"JC Auffray","year":"1999","unstructured":"Auffray JC, Debat V, Alibert P (1999) Shape asymmetry and developmental stability. In: Chaplain MAJ (ed) On growth and form. Spatio temporal pattern formation in biology. John Wiley & sons, Chiesester, pp 309\u2013324"},{"issue":"5","key":"1430_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.2307\/2411306","volume":"52","author":"CP Klingenberg","year":"1998","unstructured":"Klingenberg CP, McIntyre GS (1998) Geometric morphometrics of developmental instability: analyzing patterns of fluctuating asymmetry with Procrustes methods. Evolution 52(5):1363\u20131375","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"issue":"10","key":"1430_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00117.x","volume":"56","author":"CP Klingenberg","year":"2002","unstructured":"Klingenberg CP, Barluenga M, Meyer A, Wainwright P (2002) Shape analysis of symmetric structures: quantifying variation among individuals and asymmetry. Evolution 56(10):1909\u20131920","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"1430_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2005.01011.x","volume":"19","author":"LC Stige","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stige LC, David B, Alibert P (2006) On hidden heterogeneity in directional asymmetrycan systematic bias be avoided? J Evol Biol 19:492\u2013499","journal-title":"J Evol Biol"},{"key":"1430_CR20","first-page":"131","volume":"284","author":"FL Bookstein","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bookstein FL (1996) Combining the tools of geometric morphometrics. NATO ASI Series, Series A, Life Sciences 284:131","journal-title":"NATO ASI Series, Series A, Life Sciences"},{"key":"1430_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/87.2.285","volume":"87","author":"KV Mardia","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mardia KV, Bookstein FL, Moreton IJ (2000) Statistical assessment of bilateral symmetry of shapes. Biometrika Cambridge 87:285\u2013300","journal-title":"Biometrika Cambridge"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/88.2.469","volume":"88","author":"M Kent","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kent M (2001) Shape, Procrustes tangent projections and bilateral symmetry. Biometrika 88(2):469\u2013485","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR23","first-page":"141","volume":"48","author":"SM Shah","year":"1978","unstructured":"Shah SM, Joshi MR (1978) An assessment of asymmetry in the normal craniofacial complex. Angle Orthod 48(2):141\u2013148","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"1430_CR24","first-page":"214","volume":"51","author":"FS Chebib","year":"1981","unstructured":"Chebib FS, Chamma AM (1981) Indices of craniofacial asymmetry. Angle Orthod 51(3):214\u2013226","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR25","first-page":"70","volume":"51","author":"LG Farkas","year":"1981","unstructured":"Farkas LG, Cheung G (1981) Facial asymmetry in healthy North American Caucasians. An anthropometrical study. Angle Orthod 51(1):70\u201377","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"1430_CR26","first-page":"381","volume":"4","author":"M Rossi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rossi M, Ribeiro E, Smith R (2003) Craniofacial asymmetry in development: an anatomical study. Angle Orthod 4:381\u2013385","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"1430_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20549","volume":"132","author":"VB DeLeon","year":"2007","unstructured":"DeLeon VB (2007) Fluctuating asymmetry and stress in a medieval Nubian population. Am J Phys Anthropol 132(4):520\u2013534","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-1100","volume":"13","author":"VK Taneja","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taneja VK, Kumar GA, Farishta S, Minocha RC, Baiju G, Gopal D (2012) An assessment of skeletal craniofacial asymmetry in South Indian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 13(1):80\u201384","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"1430_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22390","volume":"25","author":"KE Weisensee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weisensee KE (2013) Assessing the relationship between fluctuating asymmetry and cause of death in skeletal remains: a test of the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis. Am J Hum Biol 25:411\u2013417","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"1430_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460902980295","volume":"36","author":"DJP Barker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Barker DJP, Osmond C, Kajantie E, Eriksson JG (2009) Growth and chronic disease: findings in the Helsinki Birth Cohort. Ann Hum Biol 36:445\u2013458","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"key":"1430_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi137","volume":"161","author":"HE Syddall","year":"2005","unstructured":"Syddall HE, Aihie-Sayer A, Simmonds SJ, Osmond C, Cox V, Dennison EM, Barker DJP, Cooper C (2005) Birth weight, infant weight gain, and cause-specific mortality: the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol 161:1074\u20131080","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1430_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2006.10.003","volume":"58","author":"C Eliopoulos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eliopoulos C, Lagia A, Manolis S (2007) A modern, documented human skeletal collection from Greece. HOMO - J Comp Hum Biol 58(3):221\u2013228","journal-title":"HOMO - J Comp Hum Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2009.09.004","volume":"61","author":"L Bigoni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bigoni L, Velem\u00ednsk\u00e1 J, Br\u016f\u017eek J (2010) Three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of cranio-facial sexual dimorphism in a central European sample of known sex. HOMO - J Comp Hum Biol 61(1):16\u201332","journal-title":"HOMO - J Comp Hum Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1430_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2004.08.001","volume":"55","author":"D Franklin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Franklin D, Freedman L, Milne N (2005) Sexual dimorphism and discriminant function sexing in indigenous South African crania. HOMO - J Comp Hum Biol 55(3):213\u2013228","journal-title":"HOMO - J Comp Hum Biol"},{"key":"1430_CR35","volume-title":"Human osteology","author":"TD White","year":"2012","unstructured":"White TD, Black MT, Folkens PA (2012) Human osteology. Elsevier\/Academic Press, Amsterdam"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0977","volume":"15","author":"FL Bookstein","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bookstein FL (2002) Corpus callosum shape and neuropsychological deficits in adult males with heavy fetal alcohol exposure. Neuroimage 15(1):233\u2013251","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1430_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9083-2_11","volume-title":"Advances in morphometrics","author":"FJ Rohlf","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rohlf FJ (1996) Morphometrics spaces, shape components and the effects of linear transformations. In: Marcus LF, Corti M, Loy A, Naylor GJP, Slice DE (eds) Advances in morphometrics. Plenum Press, New York, pp 117\u2013129"},{"key":"1430_CR38","volume-title":"Geometric morphometry analysis of the scapula: implications for the determination of sex and ancestry","author":"FJ Snow","year":"2004","unstructured":"Snow FJ (2004) Geometric morphometry analysis of the scapula: implications for the determination of sex and ancestry. University of Tennessee, Dissertation"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.17.110186.002135","volume":"17","author":"AR Palmer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Palmer AR, Strobeck C (1986) Fluctuating asymmetry: measurement, analysis, patterns. Ann Rev Ecol Systematics 17(1):391\u2013421","journal-title":"Ann Rev Ecol Systematics"},{"key":"1430_CR40","volume-title":"Morphometric tools for landmark data geometry and biology","author":"FL Bookstein","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bookstein FL (1997) Morphometric tools for landmark data geometry and biology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"1430_CR41","volume-title":"Statistical shape analysis","author":"IL Dryden","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dryden IL, Mardia KV (1998) Statistical shape analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2010.02924.x","volume":"11","author":"CP Klingenberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Klingenberg CP (2011) MorphoJ: an integrated software package for geometric morphometrics. Mol Ecol Resour 11(2):353\u2013357","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"issue":"3","key":"1430_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330280319","volume":"28","author":"N Gundara","year":"1968","unstructured":"Gundara N, Zivanovic S (1968) Asymmetry in east African skulls. Am J Phys Anthropol 28(3):331\u2013337","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1430_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1159\/000145082","volume":"104","author":"KK Jain","year":"1979","unstructured":"Jain KK, Jain BK (1979) Asymmetry in the skull. Cells Tissues Organs 104(3):349\u2013352","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1987.65.2.415","volume":"65","author":"MS Myslobodsky","year":"1987","unstructured":"Myslobodsky MS, Ingraham LJ, Weinberger DR (1987) Skull asymmetry and handedness in adults: a possibility of their association with lateral head turning in infancy. Percept Mot Skills 65(2):415\u2013421","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"1430_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/oa.633","volume":"12","author":"JH Plochocki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Plochocki JH (2002) Directional bilateral asymmetry in human sacral morphology. Int J Osteoarchaeology 12:349\u2013355","journal-title":"Int J Osteoarchaeology"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"1430_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/22.3-4.324","volume":"22","author":"TL Woo","year":"1931","unstructured":"Woo TL (1931) On the asymmetry of the human skull. Biometrika 22(3-4):324\u2013352","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310040111","volume":"4","author":"I Hershkovitz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hershkovitz I, Ring B, Kobyliansky E (1992) Craniofacial asymmetry in Bedouin adults. Am J Hum Biol 4(1):83\u201392","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"1430_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830903162841","volume":"28","author":"F Seiji","year":"2009","unstructured":"Seiji F, Moreira RS, De Angelis MA, Smith Chairman RL (2009) Orbital asymmetry in development: an anatomical study. Orbit 28:342\u2013346","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"issue":"1","key":"1430_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2478\/anre-2013-0009","volume":"76","author":"A Gawlikowska","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gawlikowska A, Dabrowski P, Szczurowski J, Staniowski T (2013) Analysis of interaction between nutritional and developmental instability in mediaeval population in Wroc\u0142aw. Anthropol Rev 76(1):51\u201362","journal-title":"Anthropol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1430_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2006.10.001","volume":"58","author":"A Gawlikowska","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gawlikowska A, Szczurowski J, Czerwinski F, Miklaszewska D, Adamiec E, Dzieciolowska E (2007) The fluctuating asymmetry of mediaeval and modern human skulls. HOMO - J Com Hum Biol 58(2):159\u2013172","journal-title":"HOMO - J Com Hum Biol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-016-1430-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00414-016-1430-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-016-1430-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-016-1430-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T11:40:46Z","timestamp":1749037246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00414-016-1430-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-016-1430-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-9827","1437-1596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-9827","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-1596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]]}}}