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All specimens underwent microscopical analysis. The tissue samples were put into a test stand, and a metal rod with a square-shaped head was pushed against the capsular surface. The force (Pmax) causing liver rupture was measured and registered with a Mecmesin AFG-500 force gauge. Six groups were formed according to the histological appearance of the liver tissue: intact (group 1), mild steatosis (group 2), moderate steatosis (group 3), severe steatosis (group 4), fibrosis (group 5), and cirrhosis (group 6). The average Pmax value was 34.1\u00a0N in intact liver samples (range from 18.1 to 60.8\u00a0N, SD \u00b1\u20098.7), 45.1\u00a0N in mild steatosis (range from 24.2 to 79.8\u00a0N SD \u00b1\u200912.6), 55.4\u00a0N in moderate steatosis (range from 28.9 to 92.5\u00a0N, SD \u00b1\u200916.0), 57.6\u00a0N in severe steatosis (range from 39.8 to 71.5\u00a0N, SD \u00b1\u200911.9), 63.7\u00a0N in fibrosis (range from 37.8 to 112.2\u00a0N, SD \u00b1\u200919.5), and 87.1\u00a0N in the case of definite cirrhosis (range from 52.7 to 162.7\u00a0N, 30.3). The Pmax values were significantly higher in samples with visible structural change than in intact liver sample (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023, 0.001, 0.009, 0.0001, 0.0001 between group 1 and groups 2 to 6 respectively). Significant difference was found between mild steatosis (group 2) and cirrhosis (group 6) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001), but the difference between mild, moderate, and severe steatosis (groups 2, 3, and 4) was not significant. Our study demonstrated that contrary to what is expected as received wisdom dictates, the diseases of the parenchyma (steatosis and presence of fibrosis) positively correlate with the blunt force resistance of the liver tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-019-02245-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T08:02:59Z","timestamp":1578988979000},"page":"1067-1072","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The effect of steatosis and fibrosis on blunt force vulnerability of the liver"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6153-3260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Simon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viktor Soma","family":"Po\u00f3r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Heckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zsolt","family":"Kozma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s F.","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2245_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Subedi N, Yadav BN, Jha S, Paudel IS, Regmi R (2013) A profile of abdominal and pelvic injuries in medico-legal autopsy. 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