{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:54:53Z","timestamp":1793332493592,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008977","name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Legal Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical and biomechanical assessment of injuries from blows to the head is a common task in forensic medicine. In the context of a criminal justice process, the injury potential of different striking weapons is important. The article at hand compares the injury potential of assaults with a 0.5-l beer bottle and a 0.33-l Coke bottle, both made of glass. The research team hit 30 used empty 0.5-l beer bottles and 20 used empty 0.33-l Coke bottles manually on an aluminum dummy skull set on a force measuring plate, using acrylic and pork rind as a scalp surrogate. There was no significant difference in fracture threshold and energy transfer between the examined beer and Coke bottles. Both glass bottles are able to cause fractures to the facial bones while cranial bone fractures are primarily not to be expected. Blows with a 0.5-l beer bottle or with a 0.33-l Coke bottle to the head can transfer up to 1.255\u00a0N and thus are able to cause severe blunt as well as sharp trauma injuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-021-02562-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T15:03:34Z","timestamp":1617116614000},"page":"2091-2100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Head\/skull injury potential of empty 0.5-l beer glass bottles vs. 0.33-l Coke bottles"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Nentwig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Steinhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Adamec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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