{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T14:44:00Z","timestamp":1793025840586,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universit\u00e4t, Frankfurt am Main"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Legal Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study highlights the importance of insect evidence by evaluating 949 insect-associated cases, including 139 entomological reports, from 2001 to 2019 at the Institute of Legal Medicine Frankfurt\/Germany. With a high number of cases in the summer months and a low number in the colder season, 78.5% of the bodies were found indoors, regardless of year or month. In more than 80% of the cases, where PMI information was available (n\u2009=\u2009704), the presumed PMI ranged from 1 to 21\u00a0days, a period during which entomological evidence can provide a day-specific estimate of PMI\n                    <jats:sub>min<\/jats:sub>\n                    . In cases where insects have been identified to species level (n\u2009=\u2009279), most bodies were infested by one or two species with a maximum of 10 different species. Overall, a total of 55 insect species were found. Information on biology, activity and distribution of the most abundant taxa is given and applied for 5 case histories estimating different PMI\n                    <jats:sub>min<\/jats:sub>\n                    s of up to over 6\u00a0months. Despite proved importance and scientific development of forensic entomology, insects are still rarely considered as a tool in forensic case work. The main reasons are a lack of awareness and (too) late involvement of a forensic entomologist. Our work shows that forensic entomology is an independent discipline that requires specialist expertise.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-021-02628-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T04:12:09Z","timestamp":1632975129000},"page":"2637-2651","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["It is all about the insects: a retrospective on 20\u00a0years of forensic entomology highlights the importance of insects in legal investigations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2936-7522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Lutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Zehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel A.","family":"Verhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansj\u00fcrgen","family":"Bratzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Amendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2628_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1673\/031.013.7801","volume":"13","author":"P Magni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Magni P, Guercini S, Leighton A, Dadour I (2013) Forensic entomologists: an evaluation of their status. J Insect Sci 13:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1673\/031.013.7801","journal-title":"J Insect Sci"},{"key":"2628_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.37.010192.001345","volume":"37","author":"EP Catts","year":"1992","unstructured":"Catts EP, Goff ML (1992) Forensic entomology in criminal investigations. Annu Rev Entomol 37:253\u2013272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.en.37.010192.001345","journal-title":"Annu Rev Entomol"},{"key":"2628_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00085030.2001.10757514","volume":"34","author":"MJ Buchan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Buchan MJ, Anderson GS (2001) Time since death: a review of the current status of methods used in the later postmortem interval. J Can Soc Forensic Sci 34:1\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00085030.2001.10757514","journal-title":"J Can Soc Forensic Sci"},{"key":"2628_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-003-0493-5","volume":"91","author":"J Amendt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Amendt J, Krettek R, Zehner R (2004) Forensic entomology. Naturwissenschaften 91:51\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00114-003-0493-5","journal-title":"Naturwissenschaften"},{"key":"2628_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.04.062","volume":"144","author":"H Klotzbach","year":"2004","unstructured":"Klotzbach H, Krettek R, Bratzke H et al (2004) The history of forensic entomology in German-speaking countries. Forensic Sci Int 144:259\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.04.062","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/28.5.565","volume":"28","author":"B Greenberg","year":"1991","unstructured":"Greenberg B (1991) Flies as forensic indicators. J Med Entomol 28:565\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jmedent\/28.5.565","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2628_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00411-X","volume":"120","author":"CC Pietro","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pietro CC, Di Vella G, Introna F (2001) Factors affecting decomposition and Diptera colonization. Forensic Sci Int 120:18\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00411-X","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-013-0921-9","volume":"128","author":"S Matuszewski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matuszewski S, Szafa\u0142owicz M, Grzywacz A et al (2014) Temperature-dependent appearance of forensically useful flies on carcasses. Int J Legal Med 128:1013\u20131020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-013-0921-9","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-015-9735-z","volume":"12","author":"S Matuszewski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Matuszewski S, M\u0105dra-Bielewicz A (2016) Validation of temperature methods for the estimation of pre-appearance interval in carrion insects. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 12:50\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12024-015-9735-z","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"key":"2628_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.09.022","volume":"207","author":"S Matuszewski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Matuszewski S, Bajerlein D, Konwerski S, Szpila K (2011) Insect succession and carrion decomposition in selected forests of Central Europe. Part 3: Succession of carrion fauna. Forensic Sci Int 207:150\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.09.022","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.10.016","volume":"194","author":"S Matuszewski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Matuszewski S, Bajerlein D, Konwerski S, Szpila K (2010) Insect succession and carrion decomposition in selected forests of Central Europe. Part 1: Pattern and rate of decomposition. Forensic Sci Int 194:85\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.10.016","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.05.018","volume":"231","author":"S Matuszewski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matuszewski S, Szafalowicz M, Jarmusz M (2013) Insects colonising carcasses in open and forest habitats of Central Europe: search for indicators of corpse relocation. Forensic Sci Int 231:234\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.05.018","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2019.127065","volume":"310","author":"CA Chamoun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chamoun CA, Couri MS, Garrido R et al (2020) Recovery & identification of human Y-STR DNA from immatures of Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Simulation of sexual crime investigation involving victim corpse in state of decay. Forensic Sci Int 310:1170239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.snb.2019.127065","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4238\/gmr18189","volume":"18","author":"CA Chamoun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chamoun CA, Couri MS, Louro ID et al (2019) In vitro recovery and identification of Y-STR DNA from Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera, calliphoridae) larvae fed a decomposing mixture of human semen and ground beef. Genet Mol Res 18:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4238\/gmr18189","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"key":"2628_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00429-7","volume":"120","author":"JM Clery","year":"2001","unstructured":"Clery JM (2001) Stability of prostate specific antigen (PSA), and subsequent Y-STR typing, of Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) maggots reared from a simulated postmortem sexual assault. Forensic Sci Int 120:72\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00429-7","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2007.10.075","volume":"1","author":"E Di Luise","year":"2008","unstructured":"Di Luise E, Magni P, Staiti N et al (2008) Genotyping of human nuclear DNA recovered from the gut of fly larvae. Forensic Sci Int Genet Suppl Ser 1:591\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsigss.2007.10.075","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Genet Suppl Ser"},{"key":"2628_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/01.paf.0000163832.05939.59","volume":"26","author":"CP Campobasso","year":"2005","unstructured":"Campobasso CP, Linville JG, Wells JD, Introna F (2005) Forensic genetic analysis of insect gut contents. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 26:161\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.paf.0000163832.05939.59","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"2628_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00418-2","volume":"120","author":"F Introna","year":"2001","unstructured":"Introna F, Pietro CC, Goff ML et al (2001) Entomotoxicology. Forensic Sci Int 120:42\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00418-2","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-017-1628-0","volume":"131","author":"V Bugelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bugelli V, Papi L, Fornaro S et al (2017) Entomotoxicology in burnt bodies: a case of maternal filicide-suicide by fire. Int J Legal Med 131:1299\u20131306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-017-1628-0","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR20","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Current Concepts in Forensic Entomology","author":"K Szpila","year":"2010","unstructured":"Szpila K (2010) Key for the identification of third instars of European blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance. Current Concepts in Forensic Entomology. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 43\u201356"},{"key":"2628_CR21","volume-title":"A manual of forensic entomology","author":"KGV Smith","year":"1986","unstructured":"Smith KGV (1986) A manual of forensic entomology. British Museum, London"},{"key":"2628_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-016-1495-0","volume":"131","author":"A Grzywacz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grzywacz A, Hall MJR, Pape T, Szpila K (2017) Muscidae (Diptera) of forensic importance-an identification key to third instar larvae of the western Palaearctic region and a catalogue of the muscid carrion community. Int J Legal Med 131:855\u2013866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-016-1495-0","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-018-1909-2","volume":"132","author":"LM D\u00edaz-aranda","year":"2018","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-aranda LM, Mart\u00edn-vega D (2018) Larval identification key to necrophagous Coleoptera of medico-legal importance in the western Palaearctic. Int J Legal Med 132:1795\u20131804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-018-1909-2","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR24","first-page":"294","volume":"3","author":"O Folmer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Folmer O, Black M, Hoeh W et al (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol 3:294\u2013299","journal-title":"Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol"},{"key":"2628_CR25","unstructured":"Team RC (2019) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"key":"2628_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12020148","volume":"12","author":"L Lutz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lutz L, Verhoff MA, Amendt J (2021) To be there or not to be there, that is the question\u2014on the problem of delayed sampling of entomological evidence. Insects 12:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/insects12020148","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"2628_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2008.06.015","volume":"180","author":"S Matuszewski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Matuszewski S, Bajerlein D, Konwerski S, Szpila K (2008) An initial study of insect succession and carrion decomposition in various forest habitats of Central Europe. Forensic Sci Int 180:61\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2008.06.015","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2016.04.009","volume":"41","author":"Z Lyu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lyu Z, Wan LH, Yang YQ et al (2016) A checklist of beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera) on pig carcasses in the suburban area of southwestern China: a preliminary study and its forensic relevance. J Forensic Leg Med 41:42\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2016.04.009","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"2628_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2021.110792","volume":"323","author":"S Weithmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weithmann S, von Hoermann C, Degasperi G et al (2021) Temporal variability of the rove beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) community on small vertebrate carrion and its potential use for forensic entomology. Forensic Sci Int 323:110792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2021.110792","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-018-9947-0","volume":"14","author":"V Bernhardt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bernhardt V, B\u00e1lint M, Verhoff MA, Amendt J (2018) Species diversity and tissue specific dispersal of necrophagous Diptera on human bodies. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 14:76\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12024-018-9947-0","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"key":"2628_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-018-1967-5","volume":"133","author":"L Lutz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lutz L, Verhoff MA, Amendt J (2018) Environmental factors influencing flight activity of forensically important female blow flies in Central Europe. Int J Legal Med 133:1267\u20131278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-018-1967-5","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/S1344-6223(02)00135-9","volume":"5","author":"H Schroder","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schroder H, Klotzbach H, P\u00fcschel K (2003) Insects\u2019 colonization of human corpses in warm and cold season. Leg Med 5:372\u2013374","journal-title":"Leg Med"},{"key":"2628_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.10.006","volume":"177","author":"S Vanin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vanin S, Tasinato P, Ducolin G et al (2008) Use of Lucilia species for forensic investigations in Southern Europe. Forensic Sci Int 177:37\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.10.006","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004273498","volume-title":"Blowflies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Fennoscandia and Denmark","author":"K Rognes","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rognes K (1991) Blowflies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Scandinavian Science Press, Leiden"},{"key":"2628_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-017-5691-8","volume":"117","author":"V Bernhardt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bernhardt V, Finkelmeier F, Tal A et al (2018) Multispecies blow fly myiasis combined with hypothermia in a man assumed to be dead. Parasitol Res 117:579\u2013583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-017-5691-8","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"2628_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-6145-7","volume":"118","author":"V Bernhardt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bernhardt V, Finkelmeier F, Verhoff MA, Amendt J (2019) Myiasis in humans\u2014a global case report evaluation and literature analysis. Parasitol Res 118:389\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-018-6145-7","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"2628_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00416-9","volume":"120","author":"MI Marchenko","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marchenko MI (2001) Medicolegal relevance of cadaver entomofauna for the determination of the time of death. Forensic Sci Int 120:89\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00416-9","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00413-3","volume":"120","author":"M Grassberger","year":"2001","unstructured":"Grassberger M, Reiter C (2001) Effect of temperature on Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) development with special reference to the isomegalen- and isomorphen-diagram. Forensic Sci Int 120:32\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00413-3","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/20961790.2017.1406839","volume":"3","author":"L Cervant\u00e8s","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cervant\u00e8s L, Dourel L, Gaudry E et al (2018) Effect of low temperature in the development cycle of Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera, Calliphoridae): implications for the minimum postmortem interval estimation. Forensic Sci Res 3:52\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20961790.2017.1406839","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Res"},{"key":"2628_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/23766808.2019.1578056","volume":"5","author":"W Pruna","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pruna W, Guarderas P, Donoso DA, Barrag\u00e1n \u00c1 (2019) Life cycle of Lucilia sericata (Meigen 1826) collected from Andean mountains. Neotrop Biodivers 5:3\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23766808.2019.1578056","journal-title":"Neotrop Biodivers"},{"key":"2628_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s001940100087","volume":"11","author":"H Schr\u00f6der","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6der H, Klotzbach H, Oesterhelweg L et al (2001) Artenspektrum und zeitliches Auftreten von Insekten an Wohnungsleichen im Gro\u00dfraum Hamburg. Rechtsmedizin 11:59\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s001940100087","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2008.00744.x","volume":"53","author":"AM Tarone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tarone AM, Foran DR (2008) Generalized additive models and Lucilia sericata growth: assessing confidence intervals and error rates in forensic entomology. J Forensic Sci 53:942\u2013948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2008.00744.x","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"2628_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.12.010","volume":"236","author":"H Fremdt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fremdt H, Amendt J (2014) Species composition of forensically important blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) through space and time. Forensic Sci Int 236:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.12.010","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.2011.01105.x","volume":"139","author":"A Aak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aak A, Birkemoe T, Leinaas HP (2011) Phenology and life history of the blowfly Calliphora vicina in stockfish production areas. Entomol Exp Appl 139:35\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1570-7458.2011.01105.x","journal-title":"Entomol Exp Appl"},{"key":"2628_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2006.00600.x","volume":"20","author":"SE Donovan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Donovan SE, Hall MJR, Turner BD, Moncrieff CB (2006) Larval growth rates of the blowfly, Calliphora vicina, over a range of temperatures. Med Vet Entomol 20:106\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2006.00600.x","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"2628_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1990.tb00279.x","volume":"4","author":"W Block","year":"1990","unstructured":"Block W, Erzinclioglu YZ, Worland MR (1990) Cold resistance in all life stages of two blowfly species (Diptera, Calliphoridae). Med Vet Entomol 4:213\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1990.tb00279.x","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"2628_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.02.033","volume":"199","author":"JLO Pohjoism\u00e4ki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pohjoism\u00e4ki JLO, Karhunen PJ, Goebeler S et al (2010) Indoors forensic entomology: Colonization of human remains in closed environments by specific species of sarcosaprophagous flies. Forensic Sci Int 199:38\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.02.033","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-002-0323-x","volume":"117","author":"M Grassberger","year":"2003","unstructured":"Grassberger M, Friedrich E, Reiter C (2003) The blowfly Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as a new forensic indicator in Central Europe. Int J Legal Med 117:75\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-002-0323-x","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR49","unstructured":"Kotbra MK, Reckel FR, Grunwald JG, et al (2012) Chrysomya albiceps \u2013 a forensically important blow fly new for Bavaria. Mitt M\u00fcnch Ent Ges 102:99\u2013103"},{"key":"2628_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.2009.00824.x","volume":"131","author":"CS Richards","year":"2009","unstructured":"Richards CS, Price BW, Villet MH (2009) Thermal ecophysiology of seven carrion-feeding blowflies in Southern Africa. Entomol Exp Appl 131:11\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1570-7458.2009.00824.x","journal-title":"Entomol Exp Appl"},{"key":"2628_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.09.064","volume":"146","author":"M Turchetto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Turchetto M, Vanin S (2004) Forensic entomology and climatic change. Forensic Sci Int 146:207\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.09.064","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Makovetskaya K V, Verves YG (2018) First records of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Belarus with analysis of distribution of this species in Europe. Dipteron-wroc\u0142aw, 34, 60\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.2501558","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.2501558"},{"key":"2628_CR53","unstructured":"Szpila K, Matuszewski S, Bajerlein D, Konwerski S (2008) Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemenn, 1819), a forensically important blowfy (Diptera: Calliphoridae) new for the Polish fauna. Polish J Entomol 77:351\u2013355"},{"key":"2628_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-015-0073-y","volume":"26","author":"V Bernhardt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bernhardt V, Fremdt H, Huibregts H et al (2016) Muscina prolapsa (Harris 1780): Ein bislang untersch\u00e4tztes Werkzeug der forensischen Entomologie. Rechtsmedizin 26:97\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-015-0073-y","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12117","volume":"29","author":"A Grzywacz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grzywacz A, Hall MJR, Pape T (2015) Morphology successfully separates third instar larvae of Muscina. Med Vet Entomol 29:314\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mve.12117","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"2628_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2010.00883.x","volume":"24","author":"K Szpila","year":"2010","unstructured":"Szpila K, Voss JG, Pape T (2010) A new dipteran forensic indicator in buried bodies. Med Vet Entomol 24:278\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2010.00883.x","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"2628_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.06.013","volume":"266","author":"A Gunn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gunn A (2016) The colonisation of remains by the muscid flies Muscina stabulans (Fall\u00e9n) and Muscina prolapsa (Harris) (Diptera: Muscidae). Forensic Sci Int 266:349\u2013356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.06.013","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.10.008","volume":"207","author":"A Gunn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gunn A, Bird J (2011) The ability of the blowflies Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus), Calliphora vicina (Rob-Desvoidy) and Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and the muscid flies Muscina stabulans (Fall\u00e9n) and Muscina prolapsa (Harris) (Diptera: Muscidae) to colo. Forensic Sci Int 207:198\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.10.008","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-017-0206-6","volume":"28","author":"K Jan\u00dfen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jan\u00dfen K, Rothschild MA, Kamphausen T (2018) Die verpackte Leiche: Auswertung des Sektionsgutes von 2009\u20132016 hinsichtlich unterschiedlicher Fallumst\u00e4nde und Motivationen. Rechtsmedizin 28:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-017-0206-6","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2011.01839.x","volume":"56","author":"D Mart\u00edn-Vega","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn-Vega D, G\u00f3mez-G\u00f3mez A, Baz A (2011) The \u201cCoffin Fly\u201d Conicera tibialis (Diptera: Phoridae) breeding on buried human remains after a postmortem interval of 18 years. J Forensic Sci 56:1654\u20131656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2011.01839.x","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"2628_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1713-5","volume":"106","author":"S Reibe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reibe S, Madea B (2010) Use of Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) for post-mortem interval estimation indoors. Parasitol Res 106:637\u2013640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-009-1713-5","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"2628_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.08.001","volume":"175","author":"JD Manlove","year":"2008","unstructured":"Manlove JD, Disney RHL (2008) The use of Megaselia abdita (Diptera: Phoridae) in forensic entomology. Forensic Sci Int 175:83\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.08.001","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR63","first-page":"3","volume":"5","author":"CP Campobasso","year":"2004","unstructured":"Campobasso CP, Disney RHL, Introna F (2004) A case of Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Dipt., Phoridae) breeding in a human corpse. Anil Aggrawal\u2019s Internet J Forensic Med Toxicol 5:3\u20135","journal-title":"Anil Aggrawal\u2019s Internet J Forensic Med Toxicol"},{"key":"2628_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-3883-z","volume":"113","author":"RM Zuha","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zuha RM, Omar B (2014) Developmental rate, size, and sexual dimorphism of Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Diptera: Phoridae): its possible implications in forensic entomology. Parasitol Res 113:2285\u20132294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-014-3883-z","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"2628_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.53.103106.093415","volume":"53","author":"RHL Disney","year":"2008","unstructured":"Disney RHL (2008) Natural history of the scuttle fly, Megaselia scalaris. Annu Rev Entomol 53:39\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.ento.53.103106.093415","journal-title":"Annu Rev Entomol"},{"key":"2628_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.03.002","volume":"275","author":"E Bostock","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bostock E, Green EW, Kyriacou CP, Vanin S (2017) Chronobiological studies on body search, oviposition and emergence of Megaselia scalaris (Diptera, Phoridae) in controlled conditions. Forensic Sci Int 275:155\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.03.002","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-013-0945-1","volume":"128","author":"D Charabidze","year":"2013","unstructured":"Charabidze D, Colard T, Vincent B et al (2013) Involvement of larder beetles (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on human cadavers: a review of 81 forensic cases. Int J Legal Med 128:1021\u20131030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-013-0945-1","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(02)00131-7","volume":"127","author":"H Schroeder","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schroeder H, Klotzbach H, Oesterhelweg L, P\u00fcschel K (2002) Larder beetles (Coleoptera, Dermestidae) as an accelerating factor for decomposition of a human corpse. Forensic Sci Int 127:231\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0379-0738(02)00131-7","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s001940050035","volume":"8","author":"AT Schafer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schafer AT (1998) Beetles on cadavers. Rechtsmedizin 8:83\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s001940050035","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-013-0934-1","volume":"24","author":"K Baumjohann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baumjohann K, Benecke M, Rothschild MA (2014) Schussverletzungen oder K\u00e4ferfra\u00df. Rechtsmedizin 24:114\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-013-0934-1","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(02)00199-8","volume":"128","author":"M Grassberger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Grassberger M, Reiter C (2002) Effect of temperature on development of the forensically important holarctic blow fly Protophormia terraenovae (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Forensic Sci Int 128:177\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0379-0738(02)00199-8","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2628_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-020-00377-1","author":"D Wolter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wolter D, Ron A, P\u00fcschel K, Edler C (2020) Dreizehn Jahre tot in Wohnung \u2013 Res\u00fcmee einer Nott\u00fcr\u00f6ffnung. Rechtsmedizin. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-020-00377-1","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s001940050127","volume":"10","author":"F Schulz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schulz F, Tsokos M, P\u00fcschel K (1999) Nat\u00fcrliche Mumifikation im h\u00e4uslichen Milieu. Rechtsmedizin 10:32\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s001940050127","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-013-0921-6","volume":"23","author":"J Nowotnik","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nowotnik J, Rentsch D, Bittorf A et al (2013) Mumie ohne Geheimnisse - Identifizierung, Eingrenzung der Liegezeit und Nachweis von Morphin: Fall von Mumifikation in h\u00e4uslicher Umgebung. Rechtsmedizin 23:485\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-013-0921-6","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-002-0144-8","volume":"12","author":"K Jachau","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jachau K, Krause D (2002) Sp\u00e4te Leichenerscheinungen. Rechtsmedizin 12:175\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-002-0144-8","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-002-0163-5","volume":"12","author":"V Schneider","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schneider V (2002) Leichenschau Rechtsmedizin 12:339\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-002-0163-5","journal-title":"Leichenschau Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-012-0820-2","volume":"22","author":"B Gahr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gahr B, Matzenauer C, Gabriel P, Ritz-Timme S (2012) Suizid mit selbst konstruierter guillotine. Rechtsmedizin 22:169\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-012-0820-2","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00194-017-0194-6","volume":"28","author":"L Backhaus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Backhaus L, Hartwig S (2018) \u201eDas heimliche Leben mit verstorbenen Angeh\u00f6rigen\u201c: Entdeckung eines weiteren Verstorbenen nach aufgefallener fehlerhafter Leichenschau. Rechtsmedizin 28:41\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00194-017-0194-6","journal-title":"Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"2628_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-019-02114-0","volume":"133","author":"V Bugelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bugelli V, Campobasso CP, Zehner R, Amendt J (2019) How should living entomological samples be stored? Int J Legal Med 133:1985\u20131994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-019-02114-0","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-013-0892-x","volume":"127","author":"E Gaudry","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gaudry E, Dourel L (2013) Forensic entomology: implementing quality assurance for expertise work. Int J Legal Med 127:1031\u20131037. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-013-0892-x","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12020174","volume":"12","author":"MJR Hall","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hall MJR (2021) The relationship between research and casework in forensic entomology. Insects 12:1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/insects12020174","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"2628_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-006-0086-x","volume":"121","author":"J Amendt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Amendt J, Campobasso CP, Gaudry E et al (2007) Best practice in forensic entomology - standards and guidelines. Int J Legal Med 121:90\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-006-0086-x","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2628_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00425-X","volume":"120","author":"CC Pietro","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pietro CC, Introna F (2001) The forensic entomologist in the context of the forensic pathologist\u2019s role. Forensic Sci Int 120:132\u2013139","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-021-02628-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00414-021-02628-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-021-02628-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T13:50:55Z","timestamp":1699537855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00414-021-02628-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2628"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-021-02628-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-9827","1437-1596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-9827","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-1596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in this study involving data of human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}