{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:14:56Z","timestamp":1790795696159,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005758","name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005758","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Legal Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Mycobacterium chimaera<\/jats:italic> is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium, member of the <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic> complex (MAC), which has become a global public health concern due to infection following cardiac surgery performed with contaminated heater-cooler units. <jats:italic>M. chimaera<\/jats:italic> infection is characterized by a long latency, non-specific signs and symptoms and high mortality rates. Thus, the diagnosis is still challenging both for forensic pathologists and for clinicians. Clinical manifestations of <jats:italic>M. chimaera<\/jats:italic> infection include endocarditis, hepatitis, nephritis, encephalitis and chorioretinitis. A constant histopathologic finding is the presence of non-caseating granulomas, with multinucleated giant cells and histiocytes. Hereby, we present two cases of fatal disseminated <jats:italic>M. chimaera<\/jats:italic> infection following aortic valve surgery reporting clinical history and post-mortem findings. Further, we provide a brief overview of the literature with a special focus on histopathological characteristics of <jats:italic>M. chimaera<\/jats:italic> infection. The aim of this article is to provide a complete synopsis of histopathological characteristics useful for forensic pathologists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-021-02630-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T11:02:44Z","timestamp":1624964564000},"page":"2667-2679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mycobacterium chimaera: a report of 2 new cases and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Natanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Palpacelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Valsecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Tagliabracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Pesaresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2630_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277e85","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.02777-0","volume":"54","author":"E Tortoli","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tortoli E, Rindi L, Garcia MJ, Chiaradonna P, Dei R, Garzelli C et al (2004) Proposal to elevate the genetic variant MAC-A, included in the Mycobacterium avium complex, to species rank as Mycobacterium chimaera sp nov. 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