{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T16:34:48Z","timestamp":1788021288211,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Legal Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The burnout phenomenon is a subject of considerable interest due to its impact on both employee well-being and scientific inquiry. Workplace factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, play a pivotal role in its development, often leading to job dissatisfaction and heightened burnout risk. Chronic stress and burnout induce significant dysregulation in the autonomic nervous system and hormonal pathways, alongside structural brain changes. This paper presents a preliminary review of the literature on burnout syndrome among forensic science workers, focusing on the prevalence of this phenomenon and its triggers. This review aims to consolidate existing research on burnout among forensic medicine workers, highlight significant findings, and encourage further studies. Symptoms range from demoralization to somatic complaints. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was the main tool in assessing burnout levels alongside measures of occupational stress, vicarious trauma and posttraumatic stress syndrome. Forensic medicine workers face unique stressors, with notable impacts on burnout levels. These workers experience challenges such as workplace conflicts and exposure to traumatic cases, leading to moderate or high burnout levels, particularly, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or low personal accomplishment. Despite the prevalence of burnout, many forensic medicine workers lack access to support networks and perceive a disregard for their well-being from supervisors. There is a pressing need for further research to understand the biological mechanisms, susceptibility factors, and discover diagnostic markers of burnout syndrome, with the\u00a0goal of its recognition as a psychiatric disorder in diagnostic manuals like the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-024-03398-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T04:48:13Z","timestamp":1736484493000},"page":"1223-1237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Burnout Syndrome in forensic medicine and its association with vicarious trauma, posttraumatic stress syndrome and occupational stress"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Lilioara-Alexandra","family":"Oprinca-Muja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cosmin-Ioan","family":"Mohor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George-C\u0103lin","family":"Oprinca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxana","family":"Cardo\u0219","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen-Daniela","family":"Domnariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian-Nicolae","family":"Cristian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciprian","family":"B\u0103cil\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sorin-Radu","family":"Fleac\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Cristian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silviu","family":"Morar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"3398_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060522110642","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221106428","volume":"50","author":"RAG Khammissa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khammissa RAG, Nemutandani S, Feller G, Lemmer J, Feller L (2022) Burnout phenomenon: neurophysiological factors, clinical features, and aspects of management. J Int Med Res 50(9):3000605221106428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03000605221106428","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"3398_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Golonka K, Gulla B (2021) Individual differences and susceptibility to burnout syndrome: sensory processing sensitivity and its relation to exhaustion and disengagement. Front Psychol 12:751350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.751350","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.751350"},{"issue":"3","key":"3398_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031780","volume":"19","author":"S Ed\u00fa-Valsania","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ed\u00fa-Valsania S, Lagu\u00eda A, Moriano JA (2022) Burnout: a review of theory and measurement. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19(3):1780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19031780","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"3398_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1038\/s44184-024-00061-2","volume":"3","author":"I Batanda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Batanda I (2024) Prevalence of burnout among healthcare professionals: a survey at fort portal regional referral hospital. NPJ Mental Health Res 3:16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44184-024-00061-2","journal-title":"NPJ Mental Health Res"},{"key":"3398_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679834","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.679834","volume":"10","author":"A Akl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Akl A, Mohiyaldeen I, Alshatti R et al (2022) The prevalence of burnout and its associated factors among surgical specialists in kuwait ministry of health hospitals. Front Public Health 10:679834 Published 2022 Jan 31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.679834","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"3398_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2021.eng.317","volume":"119","author":"FJ Appiani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Appiani FJ, Rodr\u00edguez Cairoli F, Sarotto L, Yaryour C, Basile ME, Duarte JM (2021) Prevalence of stress, burnout syndrome, anxiety and depression among physicians of a teaching hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prevalencia de estr\u00e9s, s\u00edndrome de desgaste profesional, ansiedad y depresi\u00f3n en m\u00e9dicos de un hospital universitario durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Arch Argent Pediatr 119(5):317\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5546\/aap.2021.eng.317","journal-title":"Arch Argent Pediatr"},{"key":"3398_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x","volume":"30","author":"HJ Freudenberger","year":"1974","unstructured":"Freudenberger HJ (1974) Staff burn-out. J Soc Issues 30:159\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x","journal-title":"J Soc Issues"},{"key":"3398_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/job.4030020205","volume":"2","author":"C Maslach","year":"1981","unstructured":"Maslach C, Jackson SE (1981) The measurement of experienced burnout. J Organiz Behav 2:99\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/job.4030020205","journal-title":"J Organiz Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"3398_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3390\/bs12030082","volume":"12","author":"L Nadon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nadon L, De Beer LT, Morin AJS (2022) Should burnout be conceptualized as a mental disorder? Behav Sci (Basel) 12(3):82. Published 2022 Mar 17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bs12030082","journal-title":"Behav Sci (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3398_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1108\/13620430910966406","volume":"14","author":"WB Schaufeli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP, Maslach C (2009) Burnout: 35 years of research and practice. Career Dev Int 14(3):204\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/13620430910966406","journal-title":"Career Dev Int"},{"key":"3398_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Samra R (2018) Brief history of burnout. BMJ 363:k5268. Published 2018 Dec 27 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k5268","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k5268"},{"key":"3398_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bakker AB (2020) Burnout, pp 411\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781118970843.ch333","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118970843.ch333"},{"key":"3398_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1080\/15426432.1982.10383409","volume":"8","author":"MA Lammerts","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lammerts MA (1982) Causes of burnout: Toward a philosophical and theoretical framework. Soc Thought 8:22\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15426432.1982.10383409","journal-title":"Soc Thought"},{"key":"3398_CR14","unstructured":"Khan SN, Zafar S (2013) Exploring the causes and consequences of job burnout in a developing country. J Basic Appl Sci Res 3(5)212\u2013227"},{"issue":"8","key":"3398_CR15","first-page":"495","volume":"27","author":"K Azam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azam K, Khan A, Alam MT (2017) Causes and adverse impact of physician burnout: a systematic review. J Coll Phys Surg Pak 27(8):495\u2013501","journal-title":"J Coll Phys Surg Pak"},{"key":"3398_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2010.05.014","volume":"46","author":"P Blanchard","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blanchard P, Truchot D, Albiges-Sauvin L et al (2010) Prevalence and causes of burnout amongst oncology residents: a comprehensive nationwide cross-sectional study. Eur J Cancer 46:2708\u20132715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2010.05.014","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"3398_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000441","volume":"62","author":"RP Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith RP (2019) Burnout in obstetricians and gynecologists. Clin Obstet Gynecol 62(3):405\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000441","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3398_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244101","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1244101","volume":"14","author":"P Scognamiglio","year":"2023","unstructured":"Scognamiglio P, Morena D, Di Fazio N et al (2023) Vox clamantis in deserto: a survey among Italian psychiatrists on defensive medicine and professional liability. Front Psychiatry 14:1244101. Published 2023 Aug 17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1244101","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"3398_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000750","volume":"81","author":"MK Wekenborg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wekenborg MK, Hill LBK, Thayer JF et al (2019) The longitudinal association of reduced vagal tone with burnout. Psychosom Med 81:791\u2013798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000750","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"3398_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2021.1907713","volume":"22","author":"A Bayes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bayes A, Tavella G, Parker G (2021) The biology of burnout: causes and consequences. World J Biol Psychiatry 22:686\u2013698","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3398_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.01.009","volume":"118","author":"C Traunm\u00fcller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Traunm\u00fcller C, Stefitz R, Gaisbachgrabner K et al (2019) Psychophysiological concomitants of burnout: evidence for different subtypes. J Psychosom Res 118:41\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.01.009","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"3398_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1159\/000106056","volume":"55","author":"M Tops","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tops M, Boksem MAS, Wijers AA et al (2007) The psychobiology of burnout: are there two different syndromes? Neuropsychobiology 55:143\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000106056","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"3398_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.12.005","volume":"73","author":"A Orosz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Orosz A, Federspiel A, Haisch S et al (2017) A biological perspective on differences and similarities between burnout and depression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 73:112\u2013122","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"3398_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.01.002","volume":"77","author":"SC He","year":"2017","unstructured":"He SC, Zhang YY, Zhan JY et al (2017) Burnout and cognitive impairment: associated with serum BDNF in a Chinese Han population. Psychoneuroendocrinology 77:236\u2013243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.01.002","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"3398_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miko\u0142ajewska E, Prokopowicz P, Chow YK et al (2022) From neuroimaging to computational modeling of burnout: the traditional versus the fuzzy approach\u2014A review. Appl Sci (Switzerland) 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app122211524","DOI":"10.3390\/app122211524"},{"issue":"9","key":"3398_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14091805","volume":"14","author":"KL Kolb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kolb KL, Mira ALS, Auer ED, Bucco ID, de Lima e Silva CE, dos Santos PI, Hoch VB-B, Oliveira LC, Hauser AB, Hundt JE et al (2023) Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene (NR3C1) polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome: insights from the mennonite population. Genes 14(9):1805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes14091805","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"3398_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.10.369","volume":"245","author":"MS Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mendon\u00e7a MS, Mangiavacchi PM, De Sousa PF et al (2019) Epigenetic variation at the SLC6A4 gene promoter in mother-child pairs with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 245:716\u2013723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2018.10.369","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3398_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E104","DOI":"10.1188\/16.ONF.E104-E120","volume":"43","author":"JL G\u00f3mez-Urquiza","year":"2016","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Urquiza JL, Aneas-L\u00f3pez AB, De La Fuente-Solana EI et al (2016) Prevalence, risk factors, and levels of burnout among oncology nurses: A systematic review. Oncol Nurs Forum 43:E104\u2013E120","journal-title":"Oncol Nurs Forum"},{"issue":"3","key":"3398_CR29","first-page":"423","volume":"16","author":"M Bria","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bria M, Baban A, Dumitrascu DL (2012) Systematic review of burnout risk factors among European healthcare professionals. Cogn Brain Behav: Interdiscip J 16(3):423\u2013452","journal-title":"Cogn Brain Behav: Interdiscip J"},{"key":"3398_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Molina-Praena J, Ramirez-Baena L, G\u00f3mez-Urquiza JL et al (2018) Levels of burnout and risk factors in medical area nurses: a meta-analytic study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15122800","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15122800"},{"key":"3398_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003722","volume":"134","author":"AM Afonso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Afonso AM, Cadwell JB, Staffa SJ et al (2021) Burnout rate and risk factors among anesthesiologists in the United States. Anesthesiology 134:683\u2013696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003722","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"3398_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burn.2015.03.001","volume":"2","author":"T Plieger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Plieger T, Melchers M, Montag C et al (2015) Life stress as potential risk factor for depression and burnout. Burn Res 2:19\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.burn.2015.03.001","journal-title":"Burn Res"},{"key":"3398_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1080\/1359432X.2021.1948400","volume":"30","author":"A van Dam","year":"2021","unstructured":"van Dam A (2021) A clinical perspective on burnout: diagnosis, classification, and treatment of clinical burnout. Eur J Work Org Psychol 30:732\u2013741. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1359432X.2021.1948400","journal-title":"Eur J Work Org Psychol"},{"key":"3398_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12251","volume":"56","author":"G Grossi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grossi G, Perski A, Osika W, Savic I (2015) Stress-related exhaustion disorder - clinical manifestation of burnout? A review of assessment methods, sleep impairments, cognitive disturbances, and neuro-biological and physiological changes in clinical burnout. Scand J Psychol 56:626\u2013636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sjop.12251","journal-title":"Scand J Psychol"},{"key":"3398_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.2478\/s13382-013-0093-3","volume":"26","author":"T Kakiashvili","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kakiashvili T, Leszek J, Rutkowski K (2013) The medical perspective on burnout. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 26:401\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/s13382-013-0093-3","journal-title":"Int J Occup Med Environ Health"},{"key":"3398_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1108\/14636646200700011","volume":"9","author":"S Oddie","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oddie S, Ousley L (2007) Assessing burnout and occupational stressors in a medium secure service. Br J Forensic Pract 9:32\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/14636646200700011","journal-title":"Br J Forensic Pract"},{"key":"3398_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1080\/24732850.2018.1556545","volume":"19","author":"SA Kriakous","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kriakous SA, Elliott KA, Owen R (2019) Coping, mindfulness, stress, and burnout among forensic health care professionals. J Forensic Psychol Res Pract 19:128\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24732850.2018.1556545","journal-title":"J Forensic Psychol Res Pract"},{"key":"3398_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8333.2012.02045.x","volume":"18","author":"KA Elliott","year":"2013","unstructured":"Elliott KA, Daley D (2013) Stress, coping, and psychological well-being among forensic health care professionals. Legal Criminol Psychol 18:187\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2044-8333.2012.02045.x","journal-title":"Legal Criminol Psychol"},{"key":"3398_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8998.8.2.157","volume":"8","author":"E Van der Ploeg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Van der Ploeg E, Dorresteijn SM, Kleber RJ (2003) Critical incidents and chronic stressors at work: their impact on forensic doctors. J Occup Health Psychol 8:157\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1076-8998.8.2.157","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"key":"3398_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14699","volume":"66","author":"JZ Goldstein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Goldstein JZ, Alesbury HS (2021) Self-reported levels of occupational stress and wellness in forensic practitioners: implications for the education and training of the forensic workforce. J Forensic Sci 66:1307\u20131315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.14699","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"3398_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000329","volume":"38","author":"I K\u00f6m\u00fcr","year":"2017","unstructured":"K\u00f6m\u00fcr I, Ozdemirel RO, Ozver I et al (2017) Posttraumatic stress and burnout symptoms in forensic doctors and staff in a mortuary. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 38:184\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000329","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"3398_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14747","volume":"66","author":"AP Levin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Levin AP, Putney H, Crimmins D, McGrath JG (2021) Secondary traumatic stress, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and perceived organizational trauma readiness in forensic science professionals. J Forensic Sci 66:1758\u20131769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.14747","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"3398_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4323\/rjlm.2020.339","volume":"28","author":"M Iorga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iorga M, Muraru ID, Hanganu B et al (2020) Burnout, alexithymia and job satisfaction in autopsy technicians. Rom J Legal Med 28:339\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4323\/rjlm.2020.339","journal-title":"Rom J Legal Med"},{"key":"3398_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.4323\/rjlm.2016.325","volume":"24","author":"M Iorga","year":"2016","unstructured":"Iorga M, Soponaru C, Ioan BG (2016) The burnout syndrome of forensic pathologists. the influences of personality traits, job satisfaction and environmental factors. Rom J Legal Med 24:325\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4323\/rjlm.2016.325","journal-title":"Rom J Legal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3398_CR45","first-page":"900","volume":"120","author":"M Iorga","year":"2016","unstructured":"Iorga M, Dondas C, Beatrice-Gabriela, Petrariu FD (2016) The contribution of alexithymia to burnout in forensic physicians. Med-Surg J 120(4):900\u2013908","journal-title":"Med-Surg J"},{"key":"3398_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sehsah R, Gaballah MH, El-Gilany AH, Albadry AA (2021) Work burnout and coping strategies among Egyptian forensic physicians: a national study. Egypt J Forensic Sci 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41935-021-00230-w","DOI":"10.1186\/s41935-021-00230-w"},{"key":"3398_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.23907\/2012.011","volume":"2","author":"E Brondolo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brondolo E, Wellington R, Brondolo E et al (2012) Work-related predictors of psychological distress among medical examiner and coroner personnel. Acad Forensic Pathol 2:80\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23907\/2012.011","journal-title":"Acad Forensic Pathol"},{"key":"3398_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2007.04.007","volume":"15","author":"E Brondolo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brondolo E, Wellington R, Brady N et al (2008) Mechanism and strategies for preventing post-traumatic stress disorder in forensic workers responding to mass fatality incidents. J Forensic Leg Med 15:78\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2007.04.007","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"3398_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000323","volume":"10","author":"E Brondolo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brondolo E, Eftekharzadeh P, Clifton C et al (2018) Work-related trauma, alienation, and posttraumatic and depressive symptoms in medical examiner employees. Psychol Trauma 10:689\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/tra0000323","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"3398_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000097","volume":"8","author":"JA Coleman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coleman JA, Delahanty DL, Schwartz J, Murani K, Brondolo E (2016) The moderating impact of interacting with distressed families of decedents on trauma exposure in medical examiner personnel. Psychol Trauma 8(6):668\u2013675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/tra0000097Epub 2016 Mar 28. PMID: 27018921","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"3398_CR51","first-page":"37","volume":"1","author":"MS Rostron","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rostron MS, Furlonger B (2017) A preliminary investigation of vicarious traumatisation among forensic medical examiners of sexual assault. J Couns Prof 1(1):37\u201348","journal-title":"J Couns Prof"},{"key":"3398_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2018.02.012","volume":"55","author":"MAH Horvath","year":"2018","unstructured":"Horvath MAH, Massey K (2018) The impact of witnessing other people\u2019s trauma: the resilience and coping strategies of members of the Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. J Forensic Leg Med 55:99\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2018.02.012","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"3398_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14542","volume":"65","author":"MA Almazrouei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almazrouei MA, Dror IE, Morgan RM (2020) Organizational and human factors affecting forensic decision-making: workplace stress and feedback. J Forensic Sci 65:1968\u20131977. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.14542","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"3398_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsiml.2021.100059","author":"MA Almazrouei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Almazrouei MA, Morgan RM, Dror IE (2021) Stress and support in the workplace: the perspective of forensic examiners. Forensic Sci Int Mind Law. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsiml.2021.100059. 2:","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Mind Law"},{"key":"3398_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bogaerts S, van Woerkom M, Erba\u015f Y et al (2021) Associations between resilience, psychological well-being, work-related Stress and Covid-19 fear in forensic healthcare workers using a network analysis. Front Psychiatry 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.678895","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.678895"},{"key":"3398_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.47626\/1679-4435-2022-635","volume":"20","author":"KM Gebran","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gebran KM, Gebran AM, Piva FM et al (2022) Possible risk factors involved in psychological and emotional stress and depression among forensic medicine workers. Rev Bras Med Trab 20:178\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47626\/1679-4435-2022-635","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Trab"},{"key":"3398_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shahnavazi H, Farhangi A, Godarzvand Chegini M (2023) Designing a stress management model in forensic medicine organization using grounded theory approach. J Clin Res Paramedical Sci 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/jcrps-133935","DOI":"10.5812\/jcrps-133935"},{"key":"3398_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13533","volume":"63","author":"AM Jeanguenat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jeanguenat AM, Dror IE (2018) Human factors effecting forensic decision making: workplace stress and well-being. J Forensic Sci 63:258\u2013261","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03398-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03398-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03398-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T12:09:27Z","timestamp":1744805367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03398-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["3398"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03398-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-9827","1437-1596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-9827","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-1596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Institutional review board statement"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human ethics and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}