{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:13:22Z","timestamp":1787764402771,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004012","name":"Jane ja Aatos Erkon S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007797","name":"University of Helsinki","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007797","name":"University of Helsinki","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Legal Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>In July 2023, an in-house forensic neuropathology consultation pilot was established at the Helsinki office of the Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. This offered an alternative to the previous practice of full outsourcing to a hospital neuropathology department. This paper aims to introduce the first year experiences of the pilot. The in-house consultant team comprised two forensic pathologists with special training in neuropathology. In-house consultations were offered for medico-legal autopsy cases with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. The in-house histology laboratory participated in the pilot, implementing beta-amyloid precursor protein (\u03b2-APP) stain at the end of the pilot year. An electronic database was also developed for data collection and reporting. The characteristics, costs, and duration of the first 25 consultation cases were reviewed. The cases involved mostly male decedents (84.0%) with TBI (84.0%). The median total cost of a pilot case was \u20ac624, which was substantially lower compared to the previous outsourced practice (\u20ac1013 per case + \u20ac38\/84 for each microscope slide with special\/immunohistochemical stain, respectively). After the implementation of \u03b2-APP stain into the in-house laboratory service, the median total cost of a pilot case was reduced further to \u20ac94. The median duration of an in-house consultation was 2.3 months. Thanks to a favourable in-house atmosphere, the first year experiences are encouraging. While the costs of the in-house consultation practice appear to be markedly lower than those of an external provider, both alternatives should be available for cases where sufficient expertise cannot be found in-house.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-024-03399-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T06:25:55Z","timestamp":1736749555000},"page":"805-815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["First year of in-house forensic neuropathology consultations in Helsinki, Finland"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Petteri","family":"Oura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilla","family":"M\u00e4kinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roosa","family":"Ruotsalainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miko","family":"Ruokom\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti J.","family":"Hakkarainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"3399_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.06.022","volume":"146","author":"H Kalimo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kalimo H, Saukko P, Graham D (2004) Neuropathological examination in forensic context. Forensic Sci Int 146:73\u201381","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"3399_CR2","volume-title":"Greenfield\u2019s Neuropathology, 10th edition","author":"C Smith","year":"2024","unstructured":"Smith C, Perry A, Kovacs G, Jacques T (2024) In: Greenfield\u2019s Neuropathology, 10th edition. CRC, Boca Raton"},{"key":"3399_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitwell H, Milroy C, du Plessis D (eds) (2021) Forensic Neuropathology, 2nd edition. London: CRC Press","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003158035"},{"key":"3399_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-022-02880-4","volume":"138","author":"P Oura","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oura P (2024) Seasonal variation in medico-legal autopsies in Finland\u2014a nationwide analysis of the period 2016\u20132021. Int J Legal Med 138:277\u2013280","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"3399_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1093\/fsr\/owad027","volume":"8","author":"P Oura","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oura P, Eklin A, Sajantila A (2023) Neuropathology consultation rates in medico-legal autopsies show substantial within-country variation\u2014a nationwide Finnish study. Forensic Sci Res 8(3):198\u2013201","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Res"},{"key":"3399_CR6","first-page":"1749","volume":"73","author":"P Kuvaja","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuvaja P, Pakanen L, Alaj\u00e4rvi S (2018) How the cause of death is established in Finland. Suom L\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4ril 73:1749\u20131751","journal-title":"Suom L\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4ril"},{"key":"3399_CR7","unstructured":"Suvarna S, Layton C, Bancroft J (2019) Bancroft\u2019s Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques, 8th edition. Edinburgh: Elsevier"},{"issue":"3","key":"3399_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1177\/10.3.355","volume":"10","author":"H Puchtler","year":"1962","unstructured":"Puchtler H, Sweat F, Levine M (1962) On the binding of Congo red by amyloid. J Histochem Cytochem 10(3):355\u2013364","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"3399_CR9","first-page":"42","volume":"39","author":"M Perls","year":"1867","unstructured":"Perls M (1867) Nachweis von Eisenoxyd in gewissen Pigmenten. Archiv f\u00fcr pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und f\u00fcr klinische Medicin 39:42\u201348","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und f\u00fcr klinische Medicin"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03399-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03399-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03399-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T09:59:47Z","timestamp":1740391187000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03399-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["3399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-024-03399-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-9827","1437-1596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-9827","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-1596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Research permits were obtained from the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL\/1802\/6.02.00\/2023, signature dates 2023-04-21 and 2024-02-20). This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and national legislation on medical research. As the collection of data for scientific use was retrospective and register-based, ethical approval was not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable, as the analysis was retrospective and based on register-based data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Consent for publication"}}]}}