{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:10:25Z","timestamp":1792782625667,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Paired research team project between Southern Medical University and Zhaoqing Medical College","award":["Grant no. JDBF004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant no. JDBF004"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vjw4z39","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program","award":["Grant no. 20223BBG71020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant no. 20223BBG71020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant no. 82371901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant no. 82371901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Legal Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-026-04024-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:12:05Z","timestamp":1790219525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A mitochondrial DNA metabarcoding system based on tNGS enables multiplex identification of vertebrate species in samples containing degraded and mixed DNA"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Xueyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongxing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqian","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guichao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiarong","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoming","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weian","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7699-4820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4024_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2009.10.001","volume":"4","author":"B Brenig","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brenig B, Beck J, Sch\u00fctz E (2010) Shotgun metagenomics of biological stains using ultra-deep DNA sequencing. Forensic Sci Int Genet 4(4):228\u201331","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"4024_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2005.12.031","volume":"167","author":"J An","year":"2007","unstructured":"An J, Lee MY, Min MS et al (2007) A molecular genetic approach for species identification of mammals and sex determination of birds in a forensic case of poaching from South Korea. Forensic Sci Int 167(1):59\u201361","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"4024_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2006.00154.x","volume":"51","author":"SK Gupta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gupta SK, Thangaraj K, Singh L (2006) A simple and inexpensive molecular method for sexing and identification of the forensic samples of elephant origin. J Forensic Sci 51(4):805\u20137","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4024_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12072","volume":"58","author":"MCM Eurlings","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eurlings MCM, Lens F, Pakusza C et al (2013) Forensic identification of Indian snakeroot (Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. ex Kurz) using DNA barcoding. J Forensic Sci 58(3):822\u201330","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"41","key":"4024_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14847","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403170101","volume":"101","author":"SK Wasser","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wasser SK, Shedlock AM, Comstock K et al (2004) Assigning African elephant DNA to geographic region of origin: applications to the ivory trade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(41):14847\u201352","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"4024_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-022-02817-x","volume":"136","author":"G Ferri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ferri G, Corradini B, Gianfreda D et al (2022) Two caseworks for one gene: successful species identification from compromised bone materials with the 12S rRNA. Int J Legal Med 136(5):1255\u201360","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"4024_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.108275","volume":"26","author":"X Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu X, Du W, Wang C et al (2023) A multilocus DNA mini-barcode assay to identify twenty vertebrate wildlife species. iScience 26:108275","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"4024_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-023-02195-x","volume":"24","author":"T van der Valk","year":"2024","unstructured":"van der Valk T, Jensen A, Caillaud D et al (2024) Comparative genomic analyses provide new insights into evolutionary history and conservation genomics of gorillas. BMC Ecol Evol 24:14","journal-title":"BMC Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"17","key":"4024_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13172725","volume":"13","author":"B Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang B, Khan MZ, Chai W et al (2023) Exploring genetic markers: mitochondrial DNA and genomic screening for biodiversity and production traits in donkeys. Animals 13(17):2725","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"4","key":"4024_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12040515","volume":"12","author":"A Linacre","year":"2021","unstructured":"Linacre A (2021) Animal forensic genetics. Genes (Basel) 12(4):515","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"4024_CR11","first-page":"33","volume":"63","author":"SJ Cheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheng SJ, Hsu YC (2024) Use of DNA Barcode Sequences for Distinguishing the Three Species in the Arctic Warbler (Phylloscopus borealis) Species Complex. Zool Stud 63:33","journal-title":"Zool Stud"},{"issue":"5","key":"4024_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2025.1389-1399","volume":"18","author":"J Mar\u00edn-Villa","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mar\u00edn-Villa J, L\u00f3pez-Herrera A, G\u00f3mez-Ruiz DA et al (2025) Mitochondrial markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S ribosomal RNA) as supporting biomarkers for wild bird identification. Vet World 18(5):1389\u20131399","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"issue":"22","key":"4024_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14223256","volume":"14","author":"A Figura","year":"2024","unstructured":"Figura A, Gryzinska M, Jakubczak A (2024) Comparison of universal mtDNA primers in species identification of animals in a sample with severely degraded DNA. Animals (Basel) 14(22):3256","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"issue":"9","key":"4024_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2025.101174","volume":"5","author":"JE Bravo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bravo JE, Newsom KJ, Noyes N et al (2025) Methods, applications, and computational challenges in bait capture enrichment. Cell Rep Methods 5(9):101174","journal-title":"Cell Rep Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"4024_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0409823","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04098-23","volume":"12","author":"H Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang H, Dai X, Hu P et al (2024) Comparison of targeted next-generation sequencing and the Xpert MTB\/RIF assay for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical isolates and sputum specimens. Microbiol Spectr 12(5):e0409823","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"4024_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69963-7","volume":"14","author":"AO Ferreira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ferreira AO, Azevedo OM, Barroso C et al (2024) Multi-marker DNA metabarcoding for precise species identification in ichthyoplankton samples. Sci Rep 14(1):19772","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4024_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-09811-z","volume":"51","author":"G Kobayashi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kobayashi G, Abe H (2024) Cost-efficient PCR based DNA barcoding of marine invertebrate specimens with NovaSeq amplicon sequencing. Mol Biol Rep 51(1):887","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"4024_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.70031","volume":"25","author":"N Puillandre","year":"2025","unstructured":"Puillandre N, Zuccon D, Abdelkrim J et al (2025) The CODEX approach: high-throughput sequencing of the Cox-1 barcode fragment in Neogastropods (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Mol Ecol Resour 25:e70031","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"4024_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.08.032","volume":"272","author":"S Dobrovolny","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dobrovolny S, Blaschitz M, Weinmaier T et al (2019) Development of a DNA metabarcoding method for the identification of fifteen mammalian and six poultry species in food. Food Chem 272:354\u2013361","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"4024_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12040416","volume":"12","author":"NS Chaora","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chaora NS, Khanyile KS, Magwedere K et al (2022) A 16S next generation sequencing based molecular and bioinformatics pipeline to identify processed meat products contamination and mislabelling. Animals (Basel) 12(4):416","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4024_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1080\/19393210.2020.1778098","volume":"13","author":"M Iqbal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iqbal M, Saleem MS, Imran M et al (2020) Single tube multiplex PCR assay for the identification of banned meat species. Food Addit Contam Part B 13(4):284\u2013291","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam Part B"},{"issue":"17","key":"4024_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-016-9595-8","volume":"408","author":"M Staats","year":"2016","unstructured":"Staats M, Arulandhu AJ, Gravendeel B et al (2016) Advances in DNA metabarcoding for food and wildlife forensic species identification. Anal Bioanal Chem 408(17):4615\u201330","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"issue":"1512","key":"4024_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2002.2218","volume":"270","author":"PDN Hebert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hebert PDN, Cywinska A, Ball SL et al (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proc Biol Sci 270(1512):313\u201321","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4024_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-9994-10-34","volume":"10","author":"M Leray","year":"2013","unstructured":"Leray M, Yang JY, Meyer CP et al (2013) A new versatile primer set targeting a short fragment of the mitochondrial COI region for metabarcoding metazoan diversity: application for characterizing coral reef fish gut contents. Front Zool 10(1):34","journal-title":"Front Zool"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"4024_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s004140000134","volume":"114","author":"W Parson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Parson W, Pegoraro K, Niederst\u00e4tter H et al (2000) Species identification by means of the cytochrome b gene. Int J Legal Med 114(1\u20132):23\u20138","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4024_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2011.09.009","volume":"491","author":"DM Cawthorn","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cawthorn DM, Steinman HA, Witthuhn RC (2012) Evaluation of the 16S and 12S rRNA genes as universal markers for the identification of commercial fish species in South Africa. Gene 491(1):40\u20138","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"6","key":"4024_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1080\/24701394.2020.1787397","volume":"31","author":"A Rehman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rehman A, Khan MF, Bibi S et al (2020) Comparative phylogenetic analysis of Schizothorax plagiostomus and Schizothorax esocinus with other members of subfamilies of cyprinidae on the basis of complete mitochondrial genome and 12S, 16S ribosomal RNA from Northern areas of Pakistan. Mitochondrial DNA A 31(6):250\u2013256","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA A"},{"issue":"5","key":"4024_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2014.02.036","volume":"43","author":"C Sarri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sarri C, Stamatis C, Sarafidou T et al (2014) A new set of 16S rRNA universal primers for identification of animal species. Food Control 43(5):35\u201341","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"issue":"11","key":"4024_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164206","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2023.1164206","volume":"11","author":"Z Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Z, Liu X, Liang D et al (2023) VertU: universal multilocus primer sets for eDNA metabarcoding of vertebrate diversity, evaluated by both artificial and natural cases. Front Ecol Evol 11(11):1164206","journal-title":"Front Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4024_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btae554","volume":"40","author":"Z Al Bkhetan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Al Bkhetan Z, Wang S (2024) Mgikit: demultiplexing toolkit for MGI fastq files. Bioinformatics 40(9):btae554","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"5","key":"4024_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.f.303","volume":"7","author":"JG Caporaso","year":"2010","unstructured":"Caporaso JG, Kuczynski J, Stombaugh J et al (2010) QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data. Nat Methods 7(5):335\u20136","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"issue":"16","key":"4024_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr381","volume":"27","author":"RC Edgar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Edgar RC, Haas BJ, Clemente JC et al (2011) UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection. Bioinformatics 27(16):2194\u2013200","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"4024_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2584","volume":"4","author":"T Rognes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rognes T, Flouri T, Nichols B et al (2016) VSEARCH: a versatile open source tool for metagenomics. PeerJ 4:e2584","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"4024_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165295","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1165295","volume":"13","author":"M Nikodemova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nikodemova M, Holzhausen EA, Deblois CL et al (2023) The effect of low-abundance OTU filtering methods on the reliability and variability of microbial composition assessed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 13:1165295","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4024_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.08.006","volume":"6","author":"R Alaeddini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alaeddini R (2012) Forensic implications of PCR inhibition\u2013a review. Forensic Sci Int Genet 6(3):297\u2013305","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Genet"},{"issue":"7","key":"4024_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120","volume":"38","author":"K Tamura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tamura K, Stecher G, Kumar S (2021) MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Mol Biol Evol 38(7):3022\u20133027","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4024_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3299","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msx248","volume":"34","author":"J Rozas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rozas J, Ferrer-Mata A, S\u00e1nchez-DelBarrio JC et al (2017) DnaSP 6: DNA sequence polymorphism analysis of large data sets. Mol Biol Evol 34(12):3299\u20133302","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"suppl_1","key":"4024_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S96","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2003.0025","volume":"270","author":"PDN Hebert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hebert PDN, Ratnasingham S, deWaard JR (2003) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proc Biol Sci 270(suppl_1):S96\u20139","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4024_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-023-03004-2","volume":"137","author":"X Liang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liang X, Liu X, Ye L et al (2023) Development and application of a multiplex PCR system for forensic salivary identification. Int J Legal Med 137(4):961\u2013969","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4024_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2023.2262521","volume":"43","author":"W Du","year":"2023","unstructured":"Du W, Liu X, Huang L et al (2023) Developmental validation of a novel multiple genotyping assay with 24 canine STR loci. Vet Q 43(1):1\u201318","journal-title":"Vet Q"},{"key":"4024_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2025.103304","volume":"78","author":"L Ye","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ye L, Zhang X, Liu X et al (2025) A multiplex bacterial assay for identifying vaginal fluid in various individual states and mixture stains. Forensic Sci Int Genet 78:103304","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"4024_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2012.05470.x","volume":"21","author":"P Taberlet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taberlet P, Coissac E, Pompanon F et al (2012) Towards next-generation biodiversity assessment using DNA metabarcoding. Mol Ecol 21(8):2045\u201350","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"4024_CR43","volume":"17","author":"KM Ruppert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ruppert KM, Kline RJ, Rahman MS (2019) Past, present, and future perspectives of environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding: a systematic review in methods, monitoring, and applications of global eDNA. Glob Ecol Conserv 17:e00547","journal-title":"Glob Ecol Conserv"},{"key":"4024_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17475","volume":"5","author":"ML Coghlan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Coghlan ML, Maker G, Crighton E et al (2015) Combined DNA, toxicological and heavy metal analyses provides an auditing toolkit to improve pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Sci Rep 5:17475","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"C","key":"4024_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bdq.2014.11.002","volume":"2","author":"E Kalle","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kalle E, Kubista M, Rensing C (2014) Multi-template polymerase chain reaction. Biomol Detect Quantif 2(C):11\u201329","journal-title":"Biomol Detect Quantif"},{"issue":"12","key":"4024_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16121503","volume":"16","author":"B Budowle","year":"2025","unstructured":"Budowle B, Sajantila A, Vanek D (2025) Animal species and identity testing: developments, challenges, and applications to non-human forensics. Genes (Basel) 16(12):1503","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4024_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12594","volume":"17","author":"M De Barba","year":"2017","unstructured":"De Barba M, Miquel C, Lobr\u00e9aux S et al (2017) High-throughput microsatellite genotyping in ecology: improved accuracy, efficiency, standardization and success with low-quantity and degraded DNA. Mol Ecol Resour 17(3):492\u2013507","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"issue":"4","key":"4024_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002657","volume":"8","author":"ML Coghlan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Coghlan ML, Haile J, Houston J et al (2012) Deep sequencing of plant and animal DNA contained within traditional Chinese medicines reveals legality issues and health safety concerns. PLoS Genet 8(4):e1002657","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"4024_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-84","volume":"12","author":"A Luo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Luo A, Zhang A, Ho SY et al (2011) Potential efficacy of mitochondrial genes for animal DNA barcoding: a case study using eutherian mammals. BMC Genomics 12:84","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"4024_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.14107","volume":"25","author":"PE Bayer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bayer PE, Bennett A, Nester G et al (2025) A comprehensive evaluation of taxonomic classifiers in marine vertebrate eDNA studies. Mol Ecol Resour 25:e14107","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-026-04024-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00414-026-04024-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00414-026-04024-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:02:28Z","timestamp":1790265748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00414-026-04024-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["4024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-026-04024-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-9827","1437-1596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-9827","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-1596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 June 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Zoo and Guangzhou Wildlife Research Center (Ethical Permit No. GZZOO20210903A) and was carried out in strict accordance with the ethical research principle.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}