{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:48:17Z","timestamp":1790682497443,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-0109-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,20]],"date-time":"2009-03-20T02:54:18Z","timestamp":1237517658000},"page":"420-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Ocular fixation instabilities in motor neurone disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Donaghy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Pinnock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Abrahams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Cardwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Hardiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. C.","family":"McGivern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"109_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2004.05.009","volume":"44","author":"Abadi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Abadi RV, Gowen E (2004) Characteristics of saccadic intrusions. Vision Res 44:2675\u20132690","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"109_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(96)05338-5","volume":"148","author":"Abe","year":"1997","unstructured":"Abe K, Fujimura H, Toyooka K, Sakoda S, Yorifuji S, Yanagihara T (1997) Cognitive function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 148:95\u2013100","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"109_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00873543","volume":"242","author":"Abel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Abel LA, Williams IM, Gibson KL, Levi L (1995) Effects of stimulus velocity and acceleration on smooth pursuit in motor neuron disease. J Neurol 242:419\u2013424","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"109_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.5.464","volume":"62","author":"Abrahams","year":"1997","unstructured":"Abrahams S, Goldstein LH, Al-Chalabi A, Pickering A, Morris RG, Passingham RE, Brooks DJ, Leigh PN (1997) Relation between cognitive dysfunction and pseudobulbar palsy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 62:464\u2013472","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"109_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.6.2105","volume":"119","author":"Abrahams","year":"1996","unstructured":"Abrahams S, Goldstein LH, Kew JJ, Brooks DJ, Lloyd CM, Frith CD, Leigh PN (1996) Frontal lobe dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A PET study. Brain 119(Pt 6):2105\u20132120","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"109_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh170","volume":"127","author":"Abrahams","year":"2004","unstructured":"Abrahams S, Goldstein LH, Simmons A, Brammer M, Williams SC, Giampietro V, Leigh PN (2004) Word retrieval in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Brain 127:1507\u20131517","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"109_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(99)00146-3","volume":"38","author":"Abrahams","year":"2000","unstructured":"Abrahams S, Leigh PN, Harvey A, Vythelingum GN, Grise D, Goldstein LH (2000) Verbal fluency and executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Neuropsychologia 38:734\u2013747","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"109_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440410","volume":"44","author":"Averbuch-Heller","year":"1998","unstructured":"Averbuch-Heller L, Helmchen C, Horn AK, Leigh RJ, Buttner-Ennerver JA (1998) Slow vertical saccades in motor neuron disease: correlation of structure and function. Ann Neurol 44:641\u2013648","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"109_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.1.185","volume":"52","author":"Averbuch-Heller","year":"1999","unstructured":"Averbuch-Heller L, Stahl JS, Hlavin ML, Leigh RJ (1999) Square-wave jerks induced by pallidotomy in parkinsonian patients. Neurology 52:185\u2013188","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"109_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(94)90191-0","volume":"124","author":"Brooks","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brooks BR (1994) El Escorial World Federation of Neurology criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Subcommittee on Motor Neuron Diseases\/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis of the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Neuromuscular Diseases and the El Escorial \u201cClinical limits of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis\u201d workshop contributors. J Neurol Sci 124(Suppl):96\u2013107","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"109_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050456","volume":"246","author":"Burk","year":"1999","unstructured":"Burk K, Fetter M, Abele M, Laccone F, Brice A, Dichgans J, Klockgether T (1999) Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I: oculomotor abnormalities in families with SCA1, SCA2, and SCA3. J Neurol 246:789\u2013797","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"109_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2006.05.016","volume":"46","author":"Canice McGivern","year":"2006","unstructured":"Canice McGivern R, Mark Gibson J (2006) Characterisation of ocular fixation in humans by analysis of saccadic intrusions and fixation periods: a pragmatic approach. Vision Res 46:3741\u20133747","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"109_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2005.05.024","volume":"46","author":"Carasig","year":"2006","unstructured":"Carasig D, Paul K, Fucito M, Ramcharan E, Gnadt JW (2006) Irrepressible saccades from a tectal lesion in a Rhesus monkey. Vision Res 46:1161\u20131169","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"109_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00210-5","volume":"169","author":"Cedarbaum","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cedarbaum JM, Stambler N, Malta E, Fuller C, Hilt D, Thurmond B, Nakanishi A (1999) The ALSFRS-R: a revised ALS functional rating scale that incorporates assessments of respiratory function. BDNF ALS Study Group (Phase III). J Neurol Sci 169:13\u201321","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"109_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(86)72673-X","volume":"27","author":"David","year":"1986","unstructured":"David AS, Gillham RA (1986) Neuropsychological study of motor neuron disease. Psychosomatics 27:441\u2013445","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"109_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb00257.x","volume":"1004","author":"Deutschlander","year":"2003","unstructured":"Deutschlander A, Stephan T, Marx E, Bruckmann H, Brandt T (2003) Brain activation patterns during fixation of a central target. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1004:446\u2013450","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"109_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03231.x","volume":"71","author":"Gallassi","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gallassi R, Montagna P, Ciardulli C, Lorusso S, Mussuto V, Stracciari A (1985) Cognitive impairment in motor neuron disease. Acta Neurol Scand 71:480\u2013484","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"109_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2005.09.002","volume":"25","author":"Gowen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gowen E, Abadi RV, Poliakoff E (2005) Paying attention to saccadic intrusions. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 25:810\u2013825","journal-title":"Brain Res Cogn Brain Res"},{"key":"109_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.01.047","volume":"1141","author":"Gowen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gowen E, Abadi RV, Poliakoff E, Hansen PC, Miall RC (2007) Modulation of saccadic intrusions by exogenous and endogenous attention. Brain Res 1141:154\u2013167","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"109_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.10.1282","volume":"31","author":"Jacobs","year":"1981","unstructured":"Jacobs L, Bozian D, Heffner RR Jr, Barron SA (1981) An eye movement disorder in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology 31:1282\u20131287","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"109_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/116.6.1399","volume":"116","author":"Kew","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kew JJ, Goldstein LH, Leigh PN, Abrahams S, Cosgrave N, Passingham RE, Frackowiak RS, Brooks DJ (1993) The relationship between abnormalities of cognitive function and cerebral activation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A neuropsychological and positron emission tomography study. Brain 116(Pt 6):1399\u20131423","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"109_CR22","unstructured":"Leigh RJ, Zee DS (2006) The neurology of eye movements. Oxford University Press, New York"},{"key":"109_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1982.00510230010003","volume":"39","author":"Leveille","year":"1982","unstructured":"Leveille A, Kiernan J, Goodwin JA, Antel J (1982) Eye movements in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch Neurol 39:684\u2013686","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"109_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04003.x","volume":"85","author":"Ludolph","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ludolph AC, Langen KJ, Regard M, Herzog H, Kemper B, Kuwert T, Bottger IG, Feinendegen L (1992) Frontal lobe function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a neuropsychologic and positron emission tomography study. Acta Neurol Scand 85:81\u201389","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"109_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00874116","volume":"240","author":"Marti-Fabregas","year":"1993","unstructured":"Marti-Fabregas J, Roig C (1993) Oculomotor abnormalities in motor neuron disease. J Neurol 240:475\u2013478","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"109_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.61.5.450","volume":"61","author":"Massman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Massman PJ, Sims J, Cooke N, Haverkamp LJ, Appel V, Appel SH (1996) Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychological deficits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 61:450\u2013455","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"109_CR27","unstructured":"McKenna P, Warrington E (1983) The Graded Naming Test. NFER-Nelson, Oxford"},{"key":"109_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(86)80010-4","volume":"13","author":"Mizuno","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mizuno M (1986) Neurotological findings in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Auris Nasus Larynx 13(Suppl 2):S139\u2013S146","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"109_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.70.2.576","volume":"70","author":"Munoz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Munoz DP, Wurtz RH (1993) Fixation cells in monkey superior colliculus. II. Reversible activation and deactivation. J Neurophysiol 70:576\u2013589","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"109_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.6.1546","volume":"51","author":"Neary","year":"1998","unstructured":"Neary D, Snowden JS, Gustafson L, Passant U, Stuss D, Black S, Freedman M, Kertesz A, Robert PH, Albert M, Boone K, Miller BL, Cummings J, Benson DF (1998) Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology 51:1546\u20131554","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"109_CR31","unstructured":"Nelson H, Willison J (1991) Restandardisation of the NART against the WAIS-R. NFER-Nelson, Windsor"},{"key":"109_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489409128318","volume":"511","author":"Ohki","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ohki M, Kanayama R, Nakamura T, Okuyama T, Kimura Y, Koike Y (1994) Ocular abnormalities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 511:138\u2013142","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl"},{"key":"109_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1992.tb03999.x","volume":"85","author":"Okuda","year":"1992","unstructured":"Okuda B, Yamamoto T, Yamasaki M, Maya K, Imai T (1992) Motor neuron disease with slow eye movements and vertical gaze palsy. Acta Neurol Scand 85:71\u201376","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"109_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:1<28::AID-HBM3>3.0.CO;2-T","volume":"8","author":"Petit","year":"1999","unstructured":"Petit L, Dubois S, Tzourio N, Dejardin S, Crivello F, Michel C, Etard O, Denise P, Roucoux A, Mazoyer B (1999) PET study of the human foveal fixation system. Hum Brain Mapp 8:28\u201343","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"109_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000172911.39167.b6","volume":"65","author":"Ringholz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ringholz GM, Appel SH, Bradshaw M, Cooke NA, Mosnik DM, Schulz PE (2005) Prevalence and patterns of cognitive impairment in sporadic ALS. Neurology 65:586\u2013590","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"109_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000286952.01476.eb","volume":"70","author":"Serra","year":"2008","unstructured":"Serra A, Liao K, Martinez-Conde S, Optican LM, Leigh RJ (2008) Suppression of saccadic intrusions in hereditary ataxia by memantine. Neurology 70:810\u2013812","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"109_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410380109","volume":"38","author":"Shaunak","year":"1995","unstructured":"Shaunak S, Orrell RW, O\u2019Sullivan E, Hawken MB, Lane RJ, Henderson L, Kennard C (1995) Oculomotor function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: evidence for frontal impairment. Ann Neurol 38:38\u201344","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"109_CR38","unstructured":"Trenerry M, Crosson B, DeBoe J, Leber W (1989) STROOP Neuropsychological Screening Test Manual: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc."},{"key":"109_CR39","unstructured":"Warrington EK, James M (1991) The Visual Object and Space Perception Battery: Thames Valley Test Company"},{"key":"109_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP (1983) The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 67:361\u2013370","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-009-0109-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-009-0109-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-009-0109-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T15:08:21Z","timestamp":1559056101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-009-0109-x"}},"subtitle":["A marker of frontal lobe dysfunction?"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-009-0109-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}