{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:53:53Z","timestamp":1790420033825,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6459-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,9]],"date-time":"2012-03-09T12:27:59Z","timestamp":1331296079000},"page":"2076-2089","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Diagnostic and ethical challenges in disorders of consciousness and locked-in syndrome: a survey of German neurologists"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"259","author":[{"given":"Katja","family":"Kuehlmeyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Racine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Palmour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Hoster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Domenico","family":"Borasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf J.","family":"Jox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7753","key":"6459_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90242-5","volume":"1","author":"B Jennett","year":"1972","unstructured":"Jennett B, Plum F (1972) Persistent vegetative state after brain damage. A syndrome in search of a name. Lancet 1(7753):734\u2013737","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"6459_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.60.060107.091250","volume":"60","author":"JL Bernat","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bernat JL (2009) Chronic consciousness disorders. Annu Rev Med 60:381\u2013392. doi: 10.1146\/annurev.med.60.060107.091250","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"6459_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-68","volume":"8","author":"S Laureys","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laureys S, Celesia GG, Cohadon F, Lavrijsen J, Leon-Carrion J, Sannita WG, Sazbon L, Schmutzhard E, von Wild KR, Zeman A, Dolce G (2010) Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome: a new name for the vegetative state or apallic syndrome. BMC Med 8:68. doi: 10.1186\/1741-7015-8-68","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6459_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.3.349","volume":"58","author":"JT Giacino","year":"2002","unstructured":"Giacino JT, Ashwal S, Childs N, Cranford R, Jennett B, Katz DI, Kelly JP, Rosenberg JH, Whyte J, Zafonte RD, Zasler ND (2002) The minimally conscious state: definition and diagnostic criteria. Neurology 58(3):349\u2013353","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"6459_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.8.1465","volume":"43","author":"NL Childs","year":"1993","unstructured":"Childs NL, Mercer WN, Childs HW (1993) Accuracy of diagnosis of persistent vegetative state. Neurology 43(8):1465\u20131467","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7048","key":"6459_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7048.13","volume":"313","author":"K Andrews","year":"1996","unstructured":"Andrews K, Murphy L, Munday R, Littlewood C (1996) Misdiagnosis of the vegetative state: retrospective study in a rehabilitation unit. BMJ 313(7048):13\u201316","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6459_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-9-35","volume":"9","author":"C Schnakers","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schnakers C, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Giacino J, Ventura M, Boly M, Majerus S, Moonen G, Laureys S (2009) Diagnostic accuracy of the vegetative and minimally conscious state: clinical consensus versus standardized neurobehavioral assessment. BMC Neurol 9:35","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"7488","key":"6459_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7488.406","volume":"330","author":"E Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith E, Delargy M (2005) Locked-in syndrome. BMJ 330(7488):406\u2013409. doi: 10.1136\/bmj.330.7488.406","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6459_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Recommendations for use of uniform nomenclature pertinent to patients with severe alterations in consciousness. American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (1995) Arch Phys Med Rehabil 76 (2):205\u2013209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)80031-X"},{"issue":"6","key":"6459_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100051416","volume":"37","author":"E Racine","year":"2010","unstructured":"Racine E, Rodrigue C, Bernat JL, Riopelle R, Shemie SD (2010) Observations on the ethical and social aspects of disorders of consciousness. Can J Neurol Sci 37(6):758\u2013768. doi: 687U30547U2Q61Q6","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"6459_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.4065\/81.9.1155","volume":"81","author":"EF Wijdicks","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wijdicks EF (2006) Minimally conscious state vs. persistent vegetative state: the case of Terry (Wallis) vs. the case of Terri (Schiavo). Mayo Clin Proc 81(9):1155\u20131158","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"6","key":"6459_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2009.034835","volume":"36","author":"M Luchetti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Luchetti M (2010) Eluana Englaro, chronicle of a death foretold: ethical considerations on the recent right-to-die case in Italy. J Med Ethics 36(6):333\u2013335","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"issue":"2","key":"6459_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00004","volume":"125","author":"K Payne","year":"1996","unstructured":"Payne K, Taylor RM, Stocking C, Sachs GA (1996) Physicians\u2019 attitudes about the care of patients in the persistent vegetative state: a national survey. Ann Intern Med 125(2):104\u2013110","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9019","key":"6459_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)02030-2","volume":"348","author":"A Grubb","year":"1996","unstructured":"Grubb A, Walsh P, Lambe N, Murrells T, Robinson S (1996) Survey of British clinicians\u2019 views on management of patients in persistent vegetative state. Lancet 348(9019):35\u201340","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"6459_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010050129","volume":"140","author":"K Dierickx","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dierickx K, Schotsmans P, Grubb A, Walsh P, Lambe N (1998) Belgian doctors\u2019 attitudes on the management of patients in persistent vegetative state (PVS): ethical and regulatory aspects. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 140(5):481\u2013489","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"4","key":"6459_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.25.4.302","volume":"25","author":"A Asai","year":"1999","unstructured":"Asai A, Maekawa M, Akiguchi I, Fukui T, Miura Y, Tanabe N, Fukuhara S (1999) Survey of Japanese physicians\u2019 attitudes towards the care of adult patients in persistent vegetative state. J Med Ethics 25(4):302\u2013308","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"key":"6459_CR17","author":"A Demertzi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Demertzi A, Ledoux D, Bruno MA, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Gosseries O, Soddu A, Schnakers C, Moonen G, Laureys S (2011) Attitudes towards end-of-life issues in disorders of consciousness: a European survey. J Neurol. doi: 10.1007\/s00415-010-5882-z","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"6459_CR18","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) Process of translation and adaptation of instruments. http:\/\/www.who.int\/substance_abuse\/research_tools\/translation\/en\/ . Accessed 14 Nov 2011"},{"issue":"7139","key":"6459_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7139.1236","volume":"316","author":"TV Perneger","year":"1998","unstructured":"Perneger TV (1998) What\u2019s wrong with Bonferroni adjustments. BMJ 316(7139):1236\u20131238","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6459_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1007\/s004810050029","volume":"10","author":"D Lanzerath","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lanzerath D, Honnefelder L, Feeser U (1998) Nationaler Bericht der europ\u00e4ischen Befragung: \u201eDoctors\u2019 views on the management of patients in persistent vegetative state (PVS)\u201cim Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts \u201eThe moral and legal issues surrounding the treatment and health care of patients in persistent vegetative state\u201c. Ethik Med 10:152\u2013180","journal-title":"Ethik Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"6459_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5882-z","volume":"258","author":"A Demertzi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Demertzi A, Ledoux D, Bruno MA, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Gosseries O, Soddu A, Schnakers C, Moonen G, Laureys S (2011) Attitudes towards end-of-life issues in disorders of consciousness: a European survey. J Neurol 258(6):1058\u20131065. doi: 10.1007\/s00415-010-5882-z","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6459_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-9-35","volume":"9","author":"C Schnakers","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schnakers C, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Giacino J, Ventura M, Boly M, Majerus S, Moonen G, Laureys S (2009) Diagnostic accuracy of the vegetative and minimally conscious state: clinical consensus versus standardized neurobehavioral assessment. BMC Neurol 9(1):35. doi: 10.1186\/1471-2377-9-35","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"6459_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(05)50034-7","volume":"150","author":"S Laureys","year":"2005","unstructured":"Laureys S, Pellas F, Van Eeckhout P, Ghorbel S, Schnakers C, Perrin F, Berre J, Faymonville ME, Pantke KH, Damas F, Lamy M, Moonen G, Goldman S (2005) The locked-in syndrome: what is it like to be conscious but paralyzed and voiceless? Prog Brain Res 150:495\u2013511. doi: 10.1016\/s0079-6123(05)50034-7","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"issue":"9517","key":"6459_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68508-5","volume":"367","author":"JL Bernat","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bernat JL (2006) Chronic disorders of consciousness. Lancet 367(9517):1181\u20131192. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68508-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"6459_CR25","author":"MA Bruno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bruno MA, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Thibaut A, Moonen G, Laureys S (2011) From unresponsive wakefulness to minimally conscious PLUS and functional locked-in syndromes: recent advances in our understanding of disorders of consciousness. J Neurol. doi: 10.1007\/s00415-011-6114-x","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6459_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1236","volume":"17","author":"S Laureys","year":"2002","unstructured":"Laureys S, Faymonville ME, Peigneux P, Damas P, Lambermont B, Del Fiore G, Degueldre C, Aerts J, Luxen A, Franck G, Lamy M, Moonen G, Maquet P (2002) Cortical processing of noxious somatosensory stimuli in the persistent vegetative state. Neuroimage 17(2):732\u2013741","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"11","key":"6459_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70219-9","volume":"7","author":"M Boly","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boly M, Faymonville ME, Schnakers C, Peigneux P, Lambermont B, Phillips C, Lancellotti P, Luxen A, Lamy M, Moonen G, Maquet P, Laureys S (2008) Perception of pain in the minimally conscious state with PET activation: an observational study. Lancet Neurol 7(11):1013\u20131020. doi: 10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70219-9","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"6459_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17722-1","volume":"177","author":"A Demertzi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Demertzi A, Schnakers C, Ledoux D, Chatelle C, Bruno MA, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Boly M, Moonen G, Laureys S (2009) Different beliefs about pain perception in the vegetative and minimally conscious states: a European survey of medical and paramedical professionals. Prog Brain Res 177:329\u2013338. doi: 10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17722-1","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6459_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000039","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2010-000039","volume":"1","author":"MA Bruno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bruno MA, Bernheim JL, Ledoux D, Pellas F, Demertzi A, Laureys S (2011) A survey on self-assessed well-being in a cohort of chronic locked-in syndrome patients: happy majority, miserable minority. BMJ Open 1(1):e000039. doi: 10.1136\/bmjopen-2010-000039","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"6459_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2276-3","volume":"37","author":"B Solarino","year":"2011","unstructured":"Solarino B, Bruno F, Frati G, Dell\u2019erba A, Frati P (2011) A national survey of Italian physicians\u2019 attitudes towards end-of-life decisions following the death of Eluana Englaro: reply to M.Y. Rady. Intensive Care Med 37(8):1394\u20131395. doi: 10.1007\/s00134-011-2276-3","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6459_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2132-5","volume":"37","author":"B Solarino","year":"2011","unstructured":"Solarino B, Bruno F, Frati G, Dell\u2019erba A, Frati P (2011) A national survey of Italian physicians\u2019 attitudes towards end-of-life decisions following the death of Eluana Englaro. Intensive Care Med 37(3):542\u2013549","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"6459_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s11019-007-9112-0","volume":"11","author":"RJ Jox","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jox RJ, Michalowski S, Lorenz J, Schildmann J (2008) Substitute decision making in medicine: comparative analysis of the ethico-legal discourse in England and Germany. Med Health Care Philos 11(2):153\u2013163. doi: 10.1007\/s11019-007-9112-0","journal-title":"Med Health Care Philos"},{"issue":"12","key":"6459_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2010.036376","volume":"36","author":"U Wiesing","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wiesing U, Jox RJ, Hessler HJ, Borasio GD (2010) A new law on advance directives in Germany. J Med Ethics 36(12):779\u2013783. doi: 10.1136\/jme.2010.036376","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"key":"6459_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17725-7","volume":"177","author":"N Levy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Levy N, Savulescu J (2009) Moral significance of phenomenal consciousness. Prog Brain Res 177:361\u2013370. doi: 10.1016\/s0079-6123(09)17725-7","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"6459_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2008.029165","volume":"35","author":"DJ Wilkinson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wilkinson DJ, Kahane G, Horne M, Savulescu J (2009) Functional neuroimaging and withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment from vegetative patients. J Med Ethics 35(8):508\u2013511. doi: 10.1136\/jme.2008.029165","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"key":"6459_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17723-3","volume":"177","author":"D Lule","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lule D, Zickler C, Hacker S, Bruno MA, Demertzi A, Pellas F, Laureys S, Kubler A (2009) Life can be worth living in locked-in syndrome. Prog Brain Res 177:339\u2013351. doi: 10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17723-3","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"6459_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e8e8df","volume":"75","author":"J Luaute","year":"2010","unstructured":"Luaute J, Maucort-Boulch D, Tell L, Quelard F, Sarraf T, Iwaz J, Boisson D, Fischer C (2010) Long-term outcomes of chronic minimally conscious and vegetative states. Neurology 75(3):246\u2013252. doi: 10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e8e8df","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"18 Suppl 1","key":"6459_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181fb35dd","volume":"75","author":"JL Bernat","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bernat JL (2010) Current controversies in states of chronic unconsciousness. Neurology 75(18 Suppl 1):S33\u2013S38. doi: 10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181fb35dd","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"6459_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1919-4","volume":"29","author":"A Giannini","year":"2003","unstructured":"Giannini A, Pessina A, Tacchi EM (2003) End-of-life decisions in intensive care units: attitudes of physicians in an Italian urban setting. Intensive Care Med 29(11):1902\u20131910. doi: 10.1007\/s00134-003-1919-4","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"6459_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X03260137","volume":"23","author":"F Mortier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mortier F, Bilsen J, Vander Stichele RH, Bernheim J, Deliens L (2003) Attitudes, sociodemographic characteristics, and actual end-of-life decisions of physicians in Flanders, Belgium. Med Decis Making 23(6):502\u2013510. doi: 10.1177\/0272989X03260137","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"6459_CR41","volume-title":"Principles of Biomedical Ethics","author":"TL Beauchamp","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beauchamp TL, Childress JF (2009) Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford University Press, New York Oxford"},{"key":"6459_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuehlmeyer K (2012) How family caregivers\u2019 medical and moral assumptions influence decision making for patients in the vegetative state: a qualitative interview study. J Med Ethics (in press)","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics-2011-100373"},{"key":"6459_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Medical aspects of the persistent vegetative state (2). The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS (1994). N Engl J Med 330 (22):1572\u20131579. doi: 10.1056\/NEJM199406023302206","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406023302206"},{"key":"6459_CR44","unstructured":"Royal College of Physicians (2003) The vegetative state: guidance on diagnosis and management. [Report of a working party of the Royal College of Physicians]. In: Royal College of Physicians, London"},{"issue":"5","key":"6459_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31820eacf2","volume":"39","author":"DW Frost","year":"2011","unstructured":"Frost DW, Cook DJ, Heyland DK, Fowler RA (2011) Patient and healthcare professional factors influencing end-of-life decision-making during critical illness: a systematic review. Crit Care Med 39(5):1174\u20131189. doi: 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31820eacf2","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"30","key":"6459_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1262439","volume":"135","author":"D Strech","year":"2010","unstructured":"Strech D, Marckmann G (2010) Is there health care rationing in German hospitals? How exactly do we know and why should it not be the most important question? Dtsch Med Wochenschr 135(30):1498\u20131502. doi: 10.1055\/s-0030-1262439","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"issue":"8","key":"6459_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199908000-00042","volume":"27","author":"JL Vincent","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vincent JL (1999) Forgoing life support in western European intensive care units: the results of an ethical questionnaire. Crit Care Med 27(8):1626\u20131633","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"6459_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199602000-00002","volume":"34","author":"DA Asch","year":"1996","unstructured":"Asch DA, Christakis NA (1996) Why do physicians prefer to withdraw some forms of life support over others? Intrinsic attributes of life-sustaining treatments are associated with physicians\u2019 preferences. Med Care 34(2):103\u2013111","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"6459_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2009.06.012","volume":"25","author":"RJ Jox","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jox RJ, Krebs M, Fegg M, Reiter-Theil S, Frey L, Eisenmenger W, Borasio GD (2010) Limiting life-sustaining treatment in German intensive care units: a multiprofessional survey. J Crit Care 25(3):413\u2013419. doi: 10.1016\/j.jcrc.2009.06.012","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"6459_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2005.014266","volume":"33","author":"SA Hurst","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hurst SA, Perrier A, Pegoraro R, Reiter-Theil S, Forde R, Slowther AM, Garrett-Mayer E, Danis M (2007) Ethical difficulties in clinical practice: experiences of European doctors. J Med Ethics 33(1):51\u201357. doi: 10.1136\/jme.2005.014266","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"issue":"5","key":"6459_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2009.0311","volume":"13","author":"L Winter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Winter L, Parks SM, Diamond JJ (2010) Ask a different question, get a different answer: why living wills are poor guides to care preferences at the end of life. J Palliat Med 13(5):1\u20135","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6459_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2005.012542","volume":"32","author":"FD Ganz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ganz FD, Benbenishty J, Hersch M, Fischer A, Gurman G, Sprung CL (2006) The impact of regional culture on intensive care end of life decision making: an Israeli perspective from the ETHICUS study. J Med Ethics 32(4):196\u2013199. doi: 10.1136\/jme.2005.012542","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"issue":"3","key":"6459_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-009-9225-9","volume":"11","author":"E Racine","year":"2009","unstructured":"Racine E, Dion MJ, Wijman CA, Illes J, Lansberg MG (2009) Profiles of neurological outcome prediction among intensivists. Neurocrit Care 11(3):345\u2013352. doi: 10.1007\/s12028-009-9225-9","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"6459_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodrigue C, Riopelle R, Bernat J, Racine E Perspectives and experience of healthcare professionals on diagnosis, prognosis, and end-of-life decision making in patients with disorders of consciousness. Neuroethics: 1\u201312. doi: 10.1007\/s12152-011-9142-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s12152-011-9142-4"},{"issue":"10","key":"6459_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00126-1","volume":"50","author":"DA Asch","year":"1997","unstructured":"Asch DA, Jedrziewski MK, Christakis NA (1997) Response rates to mail surveys published in medical journals. J Clin Epidemiol 50(10):1129\u20131136 pii: S0895-4356(97)00126-1","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6459_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.006","volume":"58","author":"EA Akl","year":"2005","unstructured":"Akl EA, Maroun N, Klocke RA, Montori V, Schunemann HJ (2005) Electronic mail was not better than postal mail for surveying residents and faculty. J Clin Epidemiol 58(4):425\u2013429. doi: 10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.006","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"6459_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obermann K, Muller P (2007) [Quality management in private practice. A nationwide survey in Germany]. Urologe A 46 (8):851, 854\u2013858, 860\u2013853. doi: 10.1007\/s00120-007-1377-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00120-007-1377-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"6459_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-011-9628-2","volume":"16","author":"M Markandaya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Markandaya M, Thomas KP, Jahromi B, Koenig M, Lockwood AH, Nyquist PA, Mirski M, Geocadin R, Ziai WC (2012) The role of neurocritical care: a brief report on the survey results of neurosciences and critical care specialists. Neurocrit Care 16(1):72\u201381. doi: 10.1007\/s12028-011-9628-2","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"6459_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2010.00118","volume":"1","author":"DL McDonagh","year":"2010","unstructured":"McDonagh DL, Olson DM, Kalia JS, Gupta R, Abou-Chebl A, Zaidat OO (2010) Anesthesia and sedation practices among neurointerventionalists during acute ischemic stroke endovascular therapy. Front Neurol 1:118. doi: 10.3389\/fneur.2010.00118","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6459_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0927-1","volume":"34","author":"CL Sprung","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sprung CL, Woodcock T, Sjokvist P, Ricou B, Bulow HH, Lippert A, Maia P, Cohen S, Baras M, Hovilehto S, Ledoux D, Phelan D, Wennberg E, Schobersberger W (2008) Reasons, considerations, difficulties and documentation of end-of-life decisions in European intensive care units: the ETHICUS Study. Intensive Care Med 34(2):271\u2013277. doi: 10.1007\/s00134-007-0927-1","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/index\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-012-6459-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]],"date-time":"2019-06-25T00:06:04Z","timestamp":1561421164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-012-6459-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["6459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-012-6459-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]]}}}