{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:28:53Z","timestamp":1791919733207,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476144000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1RO1-AG0287601A2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1RO1-AG0287601A2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R21 DK084463"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R21 DK084463"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1RO1DK13902-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1RO1DK13902-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000041","name":"American Diabetes Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1-03-CR-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-03-CR-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000041","name":"American Diabetes Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1-06-CR-25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-06-CR-25"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007299","name":"Harvard Catalyst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 RR025758"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 RR025758"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007299","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M01-RR-01032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M01-RR-01032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8292-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T07:58:02Z","timestamp":1476172682000},"page":"2505-2514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Cognitive decline in metabolic syndrome is linked to microstructural white matter abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"263","author":[{"given":"Freddy J.","family":"Alfaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasileios-Arsenios","family":"Lioutas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela A.","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Chih","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Bedoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woo-Kyoung","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Novak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"8292_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.106.25.3143","volume":"106","author":"National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)","year":"2002","unstructured":"National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) (2002) Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 106:3143\u20133421","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"8292_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318217e7a4","volume":"76","author":"J Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li J, Wang YJ, Zhang M et al (2011) Vascular risk factors promote conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer disease. Neurology 76:1485\u20131491. doi:\n                    10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318217e7a4","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8292_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828ab370","volume":"80","author":"S Kaffashian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kaffashian S, Dugravot A, Elbaz A et al (2013) Predicting cognitive decline: a dementia risk score vs. the Framingham vascular risk scores. Neurology 80:1300\u20131306. doi:\n                    10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828ab370","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8292_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31820b7656","volume":"76","author":"C Raffaitin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Raffaitin C, F\u00e9art C, Le Goff M et al (2011) Metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline in French elders: the Three-City Study. Neurology 76:518\u2013525. doi:\n                    10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31820b7656","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8292_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.3.687","volume":"53","author":"R Schmidt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schmidt R, Launer LJ, Nilsson L-G et al (2004) Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in diabetes: the Cardiovascular Determinants of Dementia (CASCADE) Study. Diabetes 53:687\u2013692","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"8292_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.184.1.1319074","volume":"184","author":"R Kreis","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kreis R, Ross BD (1992) Cerebral metabolic disturbances in patients with subacute and chronic diabetes mellitus: detection with proton MR spectroscopy. Radiology 184:123\u2013130. doi:\n                    10.1148\/radiology.184.1.1319074","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"8292_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-1323","volume":"55","author":"SM Manschot","year":"2006","unstructured":"Manschot SM, Brands AMA, van der Grond J et al (2006) Brain magnetic resonance imaging correlates of impaired cognition in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 55:1106\u20131113","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"8292_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0270-8","volume":"14","author":"MCO Sprandel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sprandel MCO, Hueb WA, Segre A et al (2015) Alterations in lipid transfers to HDL associated with the presence of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 14:107. doi:\n                    10.1186\/s12933-015-0270-8","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"8292_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0493","volume":"36","author":"YD Reijmer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reijmer YD, Brundel M, de Bresser J et al (2013) Microstructural white matter abnormalities and cognitive functioning in type 2 diabetes: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Diabetes Care 36:137\u2013144. doi:\n                    10.2337\/dc12-0493","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"8292_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1996.0086","volume":"111","author":"PJ Basser","year":"1996","unstructured":"Basser PJ, Pierpaoli C (1996) Microstructural and physiological features of tissues elucidated by quantitative-diffusion-tensor MRI. J Magn Reson B 111:209\u2013219","journal-title":"J Magn Reson B"},{"key":"8292_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12398","volume":"132","author":"A Del Bene","year":"2015","unstructured":"Del Bene A, Ciolli L, Borgheresi L et al (2015) Is type 2 diabetes related to leukoaraiosis? an updated review. Acta Neurol Scand 132:147\u2013155. doi:\n                    10.1111\/ane.12398","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"8292_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181d0ccdd","volume":"74","author":"AR Mayer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mayer AR, Ling J, Mannell MV et al (2010) A prospective diffusion tensor imaging study in mild traumatic brain injury. Neurology 74:643\u2013650. doi:\n                    10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181d0ccdd","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8292_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.252759","volume":"32","author":"KF Yates","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yates KF, Sweat V, Yau PL et al (2012) Impact of metabolic syndrome on cognition and brain: a selected review of the literature. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32:2060\u20132067. doi:\n                    10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.252759","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"8292_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181b163cd","volume":"73","author":"B Segura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Segura B, Jurado MA, Freixenet N et al (2009) Microstructural white matter changes in metabolic syndrome: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Neurology 73:438\u2013444. doi:\n                    10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181b163cd","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8292_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-10-64","volume":"10","author":"B Segura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Segura B, Jurado MA, Freixenet N et al (2010) White matter fractional anisotropy is related to processing speed in metabolic syndrome patients: a case-control study. BMC Neurol 10:64. doi:\n                    10.1186\/1471-2377-10-64","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"8292_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000176074.09733.a8","volume":"65","author":"DS Knopman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Knopman DS, Mosley TH, Catellier DJ et al (2005) Cardiovascular risk factors and cerebral atrophy in a middle-aged cohort. Neurology 65:876\u2013881. doi:\n                    10.1212\/01.wnl.0000176074.09733.a8","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8292_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-012-9413-y","volume":"35","author":"JH Tamashiro-Duran","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tamashiro-Duran JH, Squarzoni P, de Duran FL de S et al (2012) Cardiovascular risk in cognitively preserved elderlies is associated with glucose hypometabolism in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus regardless of brain atrophy and apolipoprotein gene variations. AGE 35:777\u2013792. doi:\n                    10.1007\/s11357-012-9413-y","journal-title":"AGE"},{"key":"8292_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2013.00090","volume":"5","author":"K Franke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Franke K, Gaser C, Manor B, Novak V (2013) Advanced BrainAGE in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Aging Neurosci 5:90. doi:\n                    10.3389\/fnagi.2013.00090","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"8292_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015142488","volume":"278","author":"RN Srinivasa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Srinivasa RN, Rossetti HC, Gupta MK et al (2016) Cardiovascular risk factors associated with smaller brain volumes in regions identified as early predictors of cognitive decline. Radiology 278:198\u2013204. doi:\n                    10.1148\/radiol.2015142488","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"8292_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61794-3","volume":"375","author":"RH Eckel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eckel RH, Alberti KGMM, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ (2010) The metabolic syndrome. Lancet Lond Engl 375:181\u2013183. doi:\n                    10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61794-3","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"8292_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0261","volume":"29","author":"V Novak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Novak V, Last D, Alsop DC et al (2006) Cerebral blood flow velocity and periventricular white matter hyperintensities in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29:1529\u20131534. doi:\n                    10.2337\/dc06-0261","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"8292_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.05.011","volume":"4","author":"AL Alexander","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alexander AL, Lee JE, Lazar M, Field AS (2007) Diffusion tensor imaging of the brain. Neurother J Am Soc Exp Neurother 4:316\u2013329. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.05.011","journal-title":"Neurother J Am Soc Exp Neurother"},{"key":"8292_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salat DH, Tuch DS, Greve DN, van der Kouwe AJ, Hevelone ND, Zaleta AK, Rosen BR, Fischl B, Corkin S, Rosas HD, Dale AM (2005) Age-related alterations in white matter microstructure measured by diffusion tensor imaging. Neurobiol Aging 26(8):1215\u20131227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.09.017"},{"key":"8292_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alexander AL, Hurley SA, Samsonov AA, Adluru N, Hosseinbor AP, Mossahebi P, Tromp do PM, Zakszewski E, Field AS (2011) Characterization of cerebral white matter properties using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging stains. Brain Connect 1(6):423\u2013446. doi:\n                    10.1089\/brain.2011.0071","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2011.0071"},{"key":"8292_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858412440596","volume":"19","author":"ML Seghier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seghier ML (2013) The angular gyrus: multiple functions and multiple subdivisions. Neurosci Rev J Bringing Neurobiol Neurol Psychiatry 19:43\u201361. doi:\n                    10.1177\/1073858412440596","journal-title":"Neurosci Rev J Bringing Neurobiol Neurol Psychiatry"},{"key":"8292_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1248","volume":"17","author":"VH Hackert","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hackert VH, den Heijer T, Oudkerk M et al (2002) Hippocampal head size associated with verbal memory performance in nondemented elderly. NeuroImage 17:1365\u20131372","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"8292_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2009.11.007","volume":"72","author":"KHM Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen KHM, Chuah LYM, Sim SKY, Chee MWL (2010) Hippocampal region-specific contributions to memory performance in normal elderly. Brain Cogn 72:400\u2013407. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.bandc.2009.11.007","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"8292_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.7.963","volume":"65","author":"SE O\u2019Bryant","year":"2008","unstructured":"O\u2019Bryant SE, Humphreys JD, Smith GE et al (2008) Detecting dementia with the mini-mental state examination in highly educated individuals. Arch Neurol 65:963\u2013967. doi:\n                    10.1001\/archneur.65.7.963","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"8292_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2004.03.003","volume":"20","author":"K Duff","year":"2005","unstructured":"Duff K, Schoenberg MR, Scott JG, Adams RL (2005) The relationship between executive functioning and verbal and visual learning and memory. Arch Clin Neuropsychol Off J Natl Acad Neuropsychol 20:111\u2013122. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.acn.2004.03.003","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol Off J Natl Acad Neuropsychol"},{"key":"8292_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2007-0034","volume":"29","author":"CT Kodl","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kodl CT, Seaquist ER (2008) Cognitive dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. Endocr Rev 29:494\u2013511. doi:\n                    10.1210\/er.2007-0034","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"8292_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-0023-4","volume":"48","author":"T Cukierman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cukierman T, Gerstein HC, Williamson JD (2005) Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes\u2013systematic overview of prospective observational studies. Diabetologia 48:2460\u20132469. doi:\n                    10.1007\/s00125-005-0023-4","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"8292_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70284-2","volume":"5","author":"GJ Biessels","year":"2006","unstructured":"Biessels GJ, Staekenborg S, Brunner E et al (2006) Risk of dementia in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Lancet Neurol 5:64\u201374. doi:\n                    10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70284-2","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"8292_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpv180","author":"TM Hughes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hughes TM, Sink KM (2015) Hypertension and its role in cognitive function: current evidence and challenges for the future. Am J Hypertens. doi:\n                    10.1093\/ajh\/hpv180","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"8292_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.041","volume":"59","author":"J-L Hsu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hsu J-L, Chen Y-L, Leu J-G et al (2012) Microstructural white matter abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a diffusion tensor imaging study. NeuroImage 59:1098\u20131105. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.041","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"8292_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3596","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0342","volume":"63","author":"J Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang J et al (2014) White matter integrity disruptions associated with cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 63:3596\u20133605. doi:\n                    10.2337\/db14-0342","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"8292_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24063","volume":"75","author":"C Qiu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qiu C, Sigurdsson S, Zhang Q et al (2014) Diabetes, markers of brain pathology and cognitive function: the Age, Gene\/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study. Ann Neurol 75:138\u2013146. doi:\n                    10.1002\/ana.24063","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"8292_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2013.869310","volume":"36","author":"PL Yau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yau PL, Kluger A, Borod JC, Convit A (2014) Neural substrates of verbal memory impairments in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 36:74\u201387. doi:\n                    10.1080\/13803395.2013.869310","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"8292_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3083","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0724","volume":"57","author":"CT Kodl","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kodl CT, Franc DT, Rao JP et al (2008) Diffusion tensor imaging identifies deficits in white matter microstructure in subjects with type 1 diabetes that correlate with reduced neurocognitive function. Diabetes 57:3083\u20133089. doi:\n                    10.2337\/db08-0724","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"8292_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12248","volume":"16","author":"S Kullmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kullmann S, Schweizer F, Veit R et al (2015) Compromised white matter integrity in obesity. Obes Rev Off J Int Assoc Study Obes 16:273\u2013281. doi:\n                    10.1111\/obr.12248","journal-title":"Obes Rev Off J Int Assoc Study Obes"},{"key":"8292_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.10.006","volume":"125","author":"S Kullmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kullmann S, Callaghan MF, Heni M et al (2015) Specific white matter tissue microstructure changes associated with obesity. NeuroImage 125:36\u201344. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.10.006","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"8292_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70060-7","volume":"12","author":"JM Wardlaw","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wardlaw JM, Smith C, Dichgans M (2013) Mechanisms of sporadic cerebral small vessel disease: insights from neuroimaging. Lancet Neurol 12:483\u2013497. doi:\n                    10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70060-7","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"8292_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70104-6","volume":"9","author":"L Pantoni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pantoni L (2010) Cerebral small vessel disease: from pathogenesis and clinical characteristics to therapeutic challenges. Lancet Neurol 9:689\u2013701. doi:\n                    10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70104-6","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"8292_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001820","volume":"85","author":"C-C Chung","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chung C-C, Pimentel D, Jor\u2019dan AJ et al (2015) Inflammation-associated declines in cerebral vasoreactivity and cognition in type 2 diabetes. Neurology 85:450\u2013458. doi:\n                    10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001820","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8292_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2052","volume":"30","author":"D Last","year":"2007","unstructured":"Last D, Alsop DC, Abduljalil AM et al (2007) Global and regional effects of type 2 diabetes on brain tissue volumes and cerebral vasoreactivity. Diabetes Care 30:1193\u20131199. doi:\n                    10.2337\/dc06-2052","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"8292_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-008-1041-9","volume":"51","author":"AM Tiehuis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tiehuis AM, Vincken KL, van den Berg E et al (2008) Cerebral perfusion in relation to cognitive function and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 51:1321\u20131326. doi:\n                    10.1007\/s00125-008-1041-9","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"8292_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000217258.63925.6b","volume":"37","author":"S Arakawa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Arakawa S, Wright PM, Koga M et al (2006) Ischemic thresholds for gray and white matter: a diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance study. Stroke J Cereb Circ 37:1211\u20131216. doi:\n                    10.1161\/01.STR.0000217258.63925.6b","journal-title":"Stroke J Cereb Circ"},{"key":"8292_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.180","volume":"34","author":"S Purkayastha","year":"2014","unstructured":"Purkayastha S, Fadar O, Mehregan A et al (2014) Impaired cerebrovascular hemodynamics are associated with cerebral white matter damage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab 34:228\u2013234. doi:\n                    10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.180","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"8292_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2008.11.006","volume":"172","author":"AM Brickman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brickman AM, Zahra A, Muraskin J et al (2009) Reduction in cerebral blood flow in areas appearing as white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging. Psychiatry Res 172:117\u2013120. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2008.11.006","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"8292_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000012808.81667.4B","volume":"33","author":"JR Marstrand","year":"2002","unstructured":"Marstrand JR, Garde E, Rostrup E et al (2002) Cerebral perfusion and cerebrovascular reactivity are reduced in white matter hyperintensities. Stroke J Cereb Circ 33:972\u2013976","journal-title":"Stroke J Cereb Circ"},{"key":"8292_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.69.1.48","volume":"69","author":"HS Markus","year":"2000","unstructured":"Markus HS, Lythgoe DJ, Ostegaard L et al (2000) Reduced cerebral blood flow in white matter in ischaemic leukoaraiosis demonstrated using quantitative exogenous contrast based perfusion MRI. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69:48\u201353","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"8292_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e86284","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086284","volume":"9","author":"X Cui","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cui X, Abduljalil A, Manor BD et al (2014) Multi-scale glycemic variability: a link to gray matter atrophy and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 9:e86284. doi:\n                    10.1371\/journal.pone.0086284","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8292_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu316","volume":"138","author":"YD Reijmer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reijmer YD, Fotiadis P, Martinez-Ramirez S et al (2015) Structural network alterations and neurological dysfunction in cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Brain J Neurol 138:179\u2013188. doi:\n                    10.1093\/brain\/awu316","journal-title":"Brain J Neurol"},{"key":"8292_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0157292","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157292","volume":"11","author":"ML Saggio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saggio ML, Ritter P, Jirsa VK (2016) Analytical operations relate structural and functional connectivity in the brain. PLoS One 11:e0157292. doi:\n                    10.1371\/journal.pone.0157292","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8292_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-016-0516-0","author":"E Scaccianoce","year":"2016","unstructured":"Scaccianoce E, Lagan\u00e0 MM, Baglio F et al (2016) Combined DTI-fMRI analysis for a quantitative assessment of connections between WM bundles and their peripheral cortical fields in verbal fluency. Brain Topogr. doi:\n                    10.1007\/s10548-016-0516-0","journal-title":"Brain Topogr"},{"key":"8292_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afv053","volume":"44","author":"E Kesse-Guyot","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kesse-Guyot E, Julia C, Andreeva V et al (2015) Evidence of a cumulative effect of cardiometabolic disorders at midlife and subsequent cognitive function. Age Ageing 44:648\u2013654. doi:\n                    10.1093\/ageing\/afv053","journal-title":"Age Ageing"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-016-8292-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-016-8292-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-016-8292-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T12:59:53Z","timestamp":1589633993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-016-8292-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8292"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-016-8292-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 June 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 September 2016","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2016","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 October 2016","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Dr. Freddy Alfaro reports no disclosures. Dr. Vasileios-Arsenios Lioutas reports no disclosures. Dr. Daniela Pimentel reports no disclosures. Dr. Chen-Chih Chung reports no disclosures. Dr. Francisco Bedoya reports no disclosures. Dr. Woo-Kyoung Woo Ph.D. reports no disclosures. Dr. Vera Novak M.D. Ph.D. was funded by NIH-NIA 1R01- AG0287601A2, NIH-NIDDK 5R21 DK084463, NIH-NIDDK 1R01DK13902-01A1, American Diabetes Association, Clinical 1-03-CR-23 and 1-06-CR-25.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"All subjects that met inclusion\/exclusion criteria signed an Informed consent form (ICF) as approved by the Institutional review board (IRB) at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}