{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T19:04:01Z","timestamp":1787598241773,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]],"date-time":"2017-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489363200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8445-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]],"date-time":"2017-03-13T05:50:59Z","timestamp":1489384259000},"page":"2330-2344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["What\u2019s new in neuromyelitis optica? A short review for the clinical neurologist"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Whittam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahd","family":"Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoff","family":"Keir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maneesh","family":"Bhojak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anu","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9451","key":"8445_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17551-X","volume":"364","author":"VA Lennon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lennon VA, Wingerchuk DM, Kryzer TJ, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Fujihara K, Nakashima I, Weinshenker BG (2004) A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica: distinction from multiple sclerosis. Lancet 364(9451):2106\u20132112. doi:\n                        10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17551-X","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050304","volume":"202","author":"VA Lennon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lennon VA, Kryzer TJ, Pittock SJ, Verkman AS, Hinson SR (2005) IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel. J Exp Med 202(4):473\u2013477. doi:\n                        10.1084\/jem.20050304","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729","volume":"85","author":"DM Wingerchuk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, Cabre P, Carroll W, Chitnis T, de Seze J, Fujihara K, Greenberg B, Jacob A, Jarius S, Lana-Peixoto M, Levy M, Simon JH, Tenembaum S, Traboulsee AL, Waters P, Wellik KE, Weinshenker BG (2015) International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Neurology 85(2):177\u2013189. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"8445_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000216139.44259.74","volume":"66","author":"DM Wingerchuk","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Weinshenker BG (2006) Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Neurology 66(10):1485\u20131489. doi:\n                        10.1212\/01.wnl.0000216139.44259.74","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8445_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516663853","author":"SH Hamid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hamid SH, Elsone L, Mutch K, Solomon T, Jacob A (2016) The impact of 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders criteria on diagnostic rates. Mult Scler. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458516663853\n                        \n                     (Epub ahead of print)","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"19","key":"8445_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002655","volume":"86","author":"JW Hyun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hyun JW, Jeong IH, Joung A, Kim SH, Kim HJ (2016) Evaluation of the 2015 diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Neurology 86(19):1772\u20131779. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002655","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"8445_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.768","volume":"69","author":"P Qian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Qian P, Lancia S, Alvarez E, Klawiter EC, Cross AH, Naismith RT (2012) Association of neuromyelitis optica with severe and intractable pain. Arch Neurol 69(11):1482\u20131487. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2012.768","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8445_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514522103","volume":"20","author":"S Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao S, Mutch K, Elsone L, Nurmikko T, Jacob A (2014) Neuropathic pain in neuromyelitis optica affects activities of daily living and quality of life. Mult Scler 20(12):1658\u20131661. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458514522103","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512457720","volume":"19","author":"L Elsone","year":"2012","unstructured":"Elsone L, Townsend T, Mutch K, Das K, Boggild M, Nurmikko T, Jacob A (2012) Neuropathic pruritis (itch) in neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler 19(4):475\u2013479. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458512457720","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.112","volume":"69","author":"SM Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim SM, Go MJ, Sung JJ, Park KS, Lee KW (2012) Painful tonic spasm in neuromyelitis optica: incidence, diagnostic utility, and clinical characteristics. Arch Neurol 69(8):1026\u20131031. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2012.112","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.832","volume":"69","author":"N Usmani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Usmani N, Bedi G, Lam BL, Sheremata WA (2012) Association between paroxysmal tonic spasms and neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol 69(1):121\u2013124. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2011.832","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.3.390","volume":"63","author":"SJ Pittock","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, Krecke K, Wingerchuk DM, Lucchinetti CF, Weinshenker BG (2006) Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol 63(3):390\u2013396. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneur.63.3.390","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000183151.19351.82","volume":"65","author":"T Misu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Misu T, Fujihara K, Nakashima I, Sato S, Itoyama Y (2005) Intractable hiccup and nausea with periaqueductal lesions in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology 65(9):1479\u20131482. doi:\n                        10.1212\/01.wnl.0000183151.19351.82","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2012000100023","volume":"69","author":"D Sato","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sato D, Fukihara K (2011) Atypical presentations of neuromyelitis optica. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 69(5):824\u2013828. doi:\n                        10.1590\/S0004-282X2012000100023","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22121","volume":"68","author":"M Apiwattanakul","year":"2010","unstructured":"Apiwattanakul M, Popescu BF, Matiello M, Weinshenker BG, Lucchinetti CF, Lennon VA, McKeon A, Carpenter AF, Miller GM, Pittock SJ (2010) Intractable vomiting as the initial presentation of neuromyelitis optica. Ann Neurol 68(5):757\u2013761. doi:\n                        10.1002\/ana.22121","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-0139-4","volume":"256","author":"T Baba","year":"2009","unstructured":"Baba T, Nakashima I, Kanbayashi T, Konno M, Takahashi T, Fujihara K, Misu T, Takeda A, Shiga Y, Ogawa H, Itoyama Y (2009) Narcolepsy as an initial manifestation of neuromyelitis optica with antiaquaporin-4 antibody. J Neurol 256(2):287\u2013288. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-009-0139-4","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8445_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.264","volume":"66","author":"T Kanbayashi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kanbayashi T, Shimohata T, Nakashima I, Yaguchi H, Yabe I, Nishizawa M, Shimizu T, Nishino S (2009) Symptomatic narcolepsy in patients with neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: new neurochemical and immunological implications. Arch Neurol 66(12):1563\u20131566. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2009.264","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458505ms1200cr","volume":"11","author":"AY Poppe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Poppe AY, Lapierre Y, Melan\u00e7on D, Lowden D, Wardell L, Fullerton LM, Bar-Or A (2005) Neuromyelitis optica with hypothalamic involvement. Mult Scler 11(5):617\u2013621","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7537-y","volume":"262","author":"S Pu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pu S, Long Y, Yang N, He Y, Shan F, Fan Y, Yin J, Gao Q, Cong G (2015) Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody. J Neurol 262(1):101\u2013107. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-014-7537-y","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2007.16","volume":"65","author":"F Blanc","year":"2008","unstructured":"Blanc F, Zephir H, Lebrun C, Labauge P, Castelnova G, Fleury M, Sellal F, Tranchant C, Dujardin K, Vermersh P, de Seze J (2008) Cognitive functions in neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol 65(1):84\u201388. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2007.16","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33878","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033878","volume":"7","author":"F Blanc","year":"2012","unstructured":"Blanc F, Noblet V, Jung B, Rousseau F, Renard F, Bourre B, Longato N, Cremel N, Bitonto L, Kleitz C, Collongues N, Foucher J, Kremer S, Armspach JP, de Seze J (2012) White matter atrophy and cognitive dysfunctions in neuromyelitis optica. PLoS One 7(4):e33878. doi:\n                        10.1371\/journal.pone.0033878","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"8445_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282X20130038","volume":"71","author":"S Vanotti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vanotti S, Cores EV, Eizaquirre B, Melamud L, Rey R, Villa A (2013) Cognitive performance of neuromyelitis optica patients: comparison with multiple sclerosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 71(6):357\u2013361. doi:\n                        10.1590\/0004-282X20130038","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"issue":"17","key":"8445_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002067","volume":"85","author":"Y Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu Y, Fu Y, Schoonheim MM, Zhang N, Fan M, Su L, Shen Y, Yan Y, Yang L, Wang Q, Zhang N, Yu C, Barkhof F, Shi FD (2015) Structural MRI substrates of cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology 85(17):1491\u20131499. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002067","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8445_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8345-3","author":"H Meng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meng H, Xu J, Pan C, Cheng J, Hu Y, Hong Y, Shen Y, Dai H (2016) Cognitive dysfunction in neuromyelitis optica: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-016-8345-3\n                        \n                     (Epub ahead of print)","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"8445_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.11.031","volume":"360","author":"P Moore","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moore P, Methley A, Pollard C, Mutch K, Hamid S, Elsone L, Jacob A (2016) Cognitive and psychiatric comorbidities in neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Sci 360:4\u20139. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.jns.2015.11.031","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"8445_CR26","first-page":"Supplement P5.2","volume":"85","author":"C Constantinescu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Constantinescu C, Chou IJ, Tanasescu R, Tench C, Lim SY, Podda G (2015) Cognitive function and fatigue in patients with neuromyelitis optica: comparison with MS subtypes (P5.256). Neurology 85(14):Supplement P5.256","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"14","key":"8445_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515576982","volume":"21","author":"N Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang N, Li YJ, Fu Y, Shao JH, Luo LL, Yang L, Shi FD, Liu Y (2015) Cognitive impairment in Chinese neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler 21(14):1839\u20131846. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458515576982","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"13","key":"8445_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2013.833301","volume":"36","author":"K Mutch","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mutch K, Methley A, Moore P, Jacob A (2013) Life on hold: the experience of living with neuromyelitis optica. Disabil Rehabil 36(13):1100\u20131107. doi:\n                        10.3109\/09638288.2013.833301","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"8445_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2016.02.011","volume":"293","author":"Z Shi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shi Z, Chen H, Lian Z, Liu J, Feng H, Zhou H (2015) Factors that impact health-related quality of life in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: anxiety, disability, fatigue and depression. J Neuroimmunol 293:54\u201358. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2016.02.011","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20770","volume":"59","author":"BG Weinshenker","year":"2006","unstructured":"Weinshenker BG, Wingerchuk DM, Vukusic S, Linbo L, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Lennon VA (2006) Neuromyelitis optica IgG predicts relapse after longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Ann Neurol 59(3):566\u2013569. doi:\n                        10.1002\/ana.20770","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"23","key":"8445_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000303817.82134.da","volume":"70","author":"M Matiello","year":"2008","unstructured":"Matiello M, Lennon VA, Jacob A, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Wingerchuk DM, Weinshenker BG (2008) NMO-IgG predicts the outcome of recurrent optic neuritis. Neurology 70(23):2197\u20132200. doi:\n                        10.1212\/01.wnl.0000303817.82134.da","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"8445_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2010.07.011","volume":"298","author":"S Jarius","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jarius S, Frederikson J, Waters P, Paul F, Akman-Demir G, Marignier R, Ruprecht K, Kuenz B, Rommer P, Kristoferitsch W, Wildemann B, Vincent A (2010) Frequency and prognostic impact of antibodies to aquaporin-4 in patients with optic neuritis. J Neurol Sci 298(1\u20132):158\u2013162. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.jns.2010.07.011","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/cen3.12107","volume":"5","author":"PJ Waters","year":"2014","unstructured":"Waters PJ, Pittock SJ, Bennett JL, Jarius S, Weinshenker BG, Wingerchuk DM (2014) Evaluation of aquaporin-4 antibody assays. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol 5(3):290\u2013303. doi:\n                        10.1111\/cen3.12107","journal-title":"Clin Exp Neuroimmunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10455","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010455","volume":"5","author":"S Mader","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mader S, Lutterotti A, Di Pauli F, Kuenz B, Schanda K, Aboul-Enein F, Khalil M, Storch MK, Jarius S, Kristoferitsch W, Berger T, Reindl M (2010) Patterns of antibody binding to aquaporin-4 isoforms in neuromyelitis optica. PLoS One 5(5):e10455. doi:\n                        10.1371\/journal.pone.0010455","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-312601","volume":"87","author":"P Waters","year":"2016","unstructured":"Waters P, Reindl M, Saiz A, Schanda K, Tuller F, Kral V, Nytrova P, Sobek O, Nielson HH, Barington T, Lillevang ST, Illes Z, Rentzsch K, Berthele A, Berki T, Granieri L, Bertolotto A, Giometto B, Zuliani L, Hamann D, van Pelt ED, Hintzen R, H\u00f6ftberger R, Costa C, Comabella M, Montalban X, Tintor\u00e9 M, Siva A, Altintas A, Deniz G, Woodhall M, Palace J, Paul F, Hartung HP, Aktas O, Jarius S, Wildemann B, Vedeler C, Ruiz A, Leite MI, Trillenberg P, Probst M, Sachenbrecker S, Vincent A, Marignier R (2016) Multicentre comparison of a diagnostic assay: aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 87(9):1005\u20131015. doi:\n                        10.1136\/jnnp-2015-312601","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"8445_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm062","volume":"130","author":"T Takahashi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takahashi T, Fujihara K, Nakashima I, Misu T, Miyazawa I, Nakamura M, Watanabe S, Shiga Y, Kanaoka C, Fujimori J, Sato S, Itoyama Y (2007) Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre. Brain 130(Pt 5):1235\u20131243. doi:\n                        10.1093\/brain\/awm062","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"8445_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-8-184","volume":"8","author":"S Mader","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mader S, Gredler V, Schanda K, Rostasy K, Dujmovic I, Pfaller K, Lutterotti A, Jarius S, Di Pauli F, Kuenz B, Ehling R, Hegen H, Deisenhammer F, Aboul-Enein F, Storch MK, Koson P, Drulovic J, Kristoferitsch W, Berger T, Reindl M (2011) Complement activating antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in neuromyelitis optica and related disorders. J Neuroinflamm 8:184. doi:\n                        10.1186\/1742-2094-8-184","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"issue":"12","key":"8445_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826aac4e","volume":"79","author":"J Kitley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kitley J, Woodhall M, Waters P, Leite MI, Devenney E, Craig J, Palace J, Vincent A (2012) Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in adults with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype. Neurology 79(12):1273\u20131277. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826aac4e","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"8445_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318228c0b1","volume":"77","author":"AK Probstel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Probstel AK, Dornmair K, Bittner R, Sperl P, Jenne D, Magalhaes S, Villalobos A, Breithaupt C, Weissert R, Jacob U, Krumbholz M, Kuempfel T, Blaschek A, Stark W, Gartner J, Pohl D, Rostasy K, Weber F, Forne I, Khademi M, Olsson T, Brillot F, Tantsis E, Dale RC, Wekerle H, Hohlfeld R, Banwell B, Bar-Or A, Meinl E, Derfuss T (2011) Antibodies to MOG are transient in childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Neurology 77(6):580\u2013588. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318228c0b1","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.118","volume":"9","author":"M Reindl","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reindl M, Di Pauli F, Rostasy K, Berger T (2013) The spectrum of MOG autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases. Nat Rev Neurol 9(8):455\u2013461. doi:\n                        10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.118","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28334","volume":"116","author":"E Bettelli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bettelli E, Baeten D, Jager A, Sobel RA, Kuchroo VK (2006) Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-specific T and B cells cooperate to induce a devic-like disease in mice. J Clin Investig 116(9):2393\u20132402. doi:\n                        10.1172\/JCI28334","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28330","volume":"116","author":"G Krishnamoorthy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Krishnamoorthy G, Lassmann H, Wekerle H, Holz A (2006) Spontaneous opticospinal encephalomyelitis in a double-transgenic mouse model of autoimmune T cell\/B cell cooperation. J Clin Investig 116(9):2385\u20132392. doi:\n                        10.1172\/JCI28330","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"key":"8445_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-5960-2-35","volume":"2","author":"S Saadoun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saadoun S, Waters P, Owens GP, Bennett JL, Vincent A, Papadopoulos MC (2014) Neuromyelitis optica MOG-IgG causes reversible lesions in mouse brain. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:35. doi:\n                        10.1186\/2051-5960-2-35","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5857","volume":"71","author":"J Kitley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kitley J, Waters P, Woodhall M, Leite I, Murchison A, George J, K\u00fcker W, Chandratre S, Vincent A, Palace J (2014) Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders with aquaporin-4 and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies: a comparative study. JAMA Neurol 71(3):276\u2013283. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5857","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8445_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000101","volume":"82","author":"DK Sato","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sato DK, Callegaro D, Lana-Peixoto MA, Waters PJ, de Haidar Jorge FM, Takahashi T, Nakashima I, Apostolos-Pereira SL, Talim N, Simm RF, Martins Lino AM, Misu T, Leite MI, Aoki M, Fujihara K (2014) Distinction between MOG antibody-positive and AQP4 antibody-positive NMO spectrum disorders. Neurology 82(6):474\u2013481. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000101","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8445_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0718-0","volume":"13","author":"S Jarius","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jarius S, Ruprecht K, Kleiter I, Boristow N, Asgari N, Pitarokoli K, Pache F, Stich O, Beume LA, H\u00fcmmert MW, Ringelstein M, Trebst C, Winkelmann A, Schwarz A, Buttmann M, Zimmermann H, Kuchling J, Franciotta D, Capobianco M, Siebert E, Lukas C, Korporal-Kuhnke M, Hass J, Fechner K, Brandt A, Schanda K, Aktas O, Paul F, Reindl M, Wildemann B (2016) MOG-IgG in NMO and related disorders: a multicenter study of 50 patients. Part 2: epidemiology, clinical presentation, radiological and laboratory features, treatment responses, and long-term outcome. J Neuroinflamm 13:280. doi:\n                        10.1186\/s12974-016-0718-0","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"8445_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-14","volume":"9","author":"S Jarius","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jarius S, Ruprecht K, Wildemann B, Kuempfel T, Ringelstein M, Geis C, Kleiter I, Kleinschnitz C, Berthele A, Brettschneider J, Hellwig K, Hemmer B, Linker RA, Lauda F, Mayer CA, Tumani H, Melms A, Trebst C, Stangel M, Marziniak M, Hoffmann F, Schippling S, Faiss JH, Neuhaus O, Ettrich B, Zentner C, Guthke K, Hofstadt-van Oy U, Reuss R, Pellkofer H, Ziemann U, Kern P, Wandinger KP, Bergh FT, Boettcher T, Langel S, Liebetrau M, Rommer PS, Niehaus S, M\u00fcnch C, Winkelmann A, Zetti UUK, Metz I, Veauthier C, Sieb JP, Wilke C, Hartung HP, Aktas O, Paul F (2012) Contrasting disease patterns in seropositive and seronegative neuromyelitis optica: a multicentre study of 175 patients. J Neuroinflamm 9:14. doi:\n                        10.1186\/1742-2094-9-14","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80194-4","volume":"17","author":"W Liedtke","year":"1996","unstructured":"Liedtke W, Edelmann W, Bieri PL, Chiu FC, Cowan NJ, Kucherlapati R, Raine CS (1996) GFAP is necessary for the integrity of CNS white matter architecture and long-term maintenance of myelination. Neuron 17(4):607\u2013615","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.150698","volume":"80","author":"T Misu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Misu T, Takano R, Fujihara K, Takahashi T, Sato S, Itoyama Y (2009) Marked increase in cerebrospinal fluid glial fibrillar acidic protein in neuromyelitis optica: an astrocytic damage marker. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 80(5):575\u2013577. doi:\n                        10.1136\/jnnp.2008.150698","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e2414b","volume":"75","author":"R Takano","year":"2010","unstructured":"Takano R, Misu T, Takahashi T, Sato S, Fujihara K, Itoyama Y (2010) Astrocytic damage is far more severe than demyelination in NMO: a clinical CSF biomarker study. Neurology 75(3):208\u2013216. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e2414b","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"8445_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.02.012","volume":"317","author":"M Storoni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Storoni M, Verbeek MM, Illes Z, Marignier R, Teunissen CE, Grabowska M, Confavreux C, Plant GT, Petzold A (2012) Serum GFAP levels in optic neuropathies. J Neurol Sci 317(1\u20132):117\u2013122. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.jns.2012.02.012","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"8445_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.2549","volume":"73","author":"B Fang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fang B, McKeon A, Hinson SR, Kryzer TJ, Pittock SJ, Aksamit AJ, Lennon VA (2016) Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: a novel meningoencephalomyelitis. JAMA Neurol 73(11):1297\u20131307. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.2549","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8445_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5274-4","volume":"256","author":"A Uzawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Uzawa A, Mori M, Ito M, Uchida T, Hayakawa S, Masuda S, Kuwabara S (2009) Markedly increased CSF interleukin-6 levels in neuromyelitis optica, but not in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 256(12):2082\u20132084. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-009-5274-4","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3109\/00207450903428970","volume":"120","author":"S I\u00e7\u00f6z","year":"2010","unstructured":"I\u00e7\u00f6z S, T\u00fcz\u00fcn E, K\u00fcrt\u00fcnc\u00fc M, Durmus H, Mutlu M, Eraksoy M, Akman-Demir G (2010) Enhanced IL-6 production in aquaporin-4 anti-body positive neuromyelitis optica patients. Int J Neurosci 120(1):71\u201375. doi:\n                        10.3109\/00207450903428970","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"8445_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510379247","volume":"16","author":"A Uzawa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uzawa A, Mori M, Arai K, Sato Y, Hayakawa S, Masuda S, Taniguchi J, Kuwabara S (2010) Cytokine and chemokine profiles in neuromyelitis optica: significance of interleukin-6. Mult Scler 16(12):1443\u20131452. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458510379247","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-012-9780-2","volume":"33","author":"UC Linhares","year":"2013","unstructured":"Linhares UC, Schiavoni PB, Barros OB, Kasahara TM, Teixeira B, Ferreira TB, Alvarenga R, Hygino J, Vieira MMM, Bittencourt VCB, Andrade RM, Andrade AF, Bento CAM (2013) The ex vivo pro- duction of IL-6 and IL-21 by CD41 T cells is directly associated with neurological disability in neuromyelitis optica patients. J Clin Immunol 33(1):179\u2013189. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s10875-012-9780-2","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3701","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1017385108","volume":"108","author":"N Chihara","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chihara N, Aranami T, Sato W, Miyazaki Y, Miyake S, Okamoto T, Ogawa M, Toda T, Yamamura T (2011) Interleukin 6 signaling promotes anti-aquaporin 4 autoantibody production from plasmoblasts in neuromyelitis optica. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108(9):3701\u20133706. doi:\n                        10.1073\/pnas.1017385108","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2011.241760","volume":"83","author":"A Uwara","year":"2012","unstructured":"Uwara A, Mori M, Sato Y, Masuda S, Kuwabara S (2012) CSF interleukin-6 level predicts recovery from neuromyelitis optica relapse. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83(3):339\u2013340. doi:\n                        10.1136\/jnnp.2011.241760","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12733","volume":"183","author":"PO Barros","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barros PO, Cassano T, Hygino J, Ferreira TB, Centuriao N, Kasahara TM, Andrade RM, Linhares UC, Andrade AFB, Vasconcelos CCF, Alvarenga R, Marignier R, Bento CA (2015) Predication of disease severity in neuromyelitis optica by levels of interleukin (IL)-6 produced during remission. Clin Exp Immunol 183(3):480\u2013489. doi:\n                        10.1111\/cei.12733","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.2137","volume":"72","author":"EP Flanagan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Flanagan EP, Weinshenker BG, Krecke KN, Lennon VA, Lucchinetti CF, McKeon A, Wingerchuk DM, Shuster EA, Jiao Y, Horta ES, Pittock SJ (2015) Short myelitis lesions in aquaporin-4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum. JAMA Neurol 72(1):81\u201387. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.2137","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"14","key":"8445_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182887957","volume":"80","author":"L Matthews","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matthews L, Marasco R, Jenkinson M, K\u00fcker W, Lupper S, Leite MI, Giorgio A, De Stefano N, Robertson N, Johansen-Berg H, Evangelou N, Palace J (2013) Distinction of seropositive NMO spectrum disorder and MS brain lesion distribution. Neurology 80(14):1330\u20131337. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182887957","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22766","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022766","volume":"6","author":"Z Lu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lu Z, Zhang B, Qiu W, Kang Z, Shen L, Long Y, Huang J, Hu X (2011) Comparative brain stem lesions on MRI of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 6(8):e22766. doi:\n                        10.1371\/journal.pone.0022766","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-6997-9","volume":"260","author":"R Iorio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iorio R, Damato V, Mirabella M, Evoli A, Marti A, Plantone D, Frisullo G, Batocchi AP (2013) Distinctive clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis associated with aquaporin-4 autoantibodies. J Neurol 260(9):2396\u20132402. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-013-6997-9","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2013.11.003","volume":"3","author":"LA Matthews","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matthews LA, Palace JA (2014) The role of imaging in diagnosing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Mult Scler Relat Disord 3(3):284\u2013293. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.msard.2013.11.003","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"8445_CR65","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov. Search results for \u201cneuromyelitis optica\u201d. \n                        https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/results?term=neuromyelitis+optica&Search=Search\n                        \n                    . Accessed 14 Dec 2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515581438","volume":"22","author":"H Abboud","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abboud H, Petrak A, Mealy M, Sasidharan S, Siddique L, Levy M (2016) Treatment of acute relapses in neuromyelitis optica: steroids alone versus steroids plus plasma exchange. Mult Scler 22(2):185\u2013192. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458515581438","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24554","volume":"79","author":"I Kleiter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kleiter I, Gahlen A, Borisow N, Fischer K, Wernecke KD, Wegner B, Hellwig K, Pache F, Ruprecht K, Havla J, Krumbholz M, Kumpfel T, Aktas O, Hartung HP, Ringelstein M, Geis C, Kleinschnitz C, Berthele A, Hemmer B, Angstwurm K, Stellmann JP, Schuster S, Stangel M, Lauda F, Tumani H, Mayer C, Zeltner L, Ziemann U, Linker R, Schwab M, Marziniak M, Bergh FT, Hofstadt-van Oy U, Neuhaus O, Winkelmann A, Marouf W, Faiss J, Wildemann B, Friedemann P, Jarius S, Trebst C, On behalf of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (2016) Neuromyelitis optica: evaluation of 871 attacks and 1,153 treatment courses. Ann Neurol 79(2):206\u2013216. doi:\n                        10.1002\/ana.24554","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513495938","volume":"20","author":"L Elsone","year":"2014","unstructured":"Elsone L, Panicker J, Mutch K, Boggild M, Appleton R, Jacob A (2014) Role of intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of acute relapses of neuromyelitis optica: experience in 10 patients. Mult Scler 20(4):501\u2013504. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458513495938","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e008312","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008312","volume":"5","author":"M Absoud","year":"2015","unstructured":"Absoud M, Gadian J, Hellier J, Brex PA, Ciccarelli O, Giovannoni G, Kelly J, McCrone P, Murphy C, Palace J, Pickles A, Pike M, Robertson N, Jacob A, Lim M (2015) Protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled TRial of IntraVEnous immunoglobulin versus standard therapy for the treatment of transverse myelitis in adults and children (STRIVE). BMJ Open 5(5):e008312. doi:\n                        10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008312","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000005","volume":"1","author":"M Levy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levy M, Mealy M (2014) Purified human C1-esterase inhibitor is safe in acute relapses of neuromyelitis optica. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 1(1):e5. doi:\n                        10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000005","journal-title":"Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"},{"issue":"16","key":"8445_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f8832e","volume":"75","author":"J Shimizu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shimizu J, Hatanaka Y, Hasegawa M, Iwata A, Sugimoto I, Date H, Goto J, Shimizu T, Takatsu M, Sakurai Y, Nakase H, Uesaka Y, Hashida H, Hashimoto K, Komiya T, Tsuji S (2010) IFNbeta-1b may severely exacerbate Japanese optic-spinal MS in neuromyelitis optica spectrum. Neurology 75(16):1423\u20131427. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f8832e","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.188","volume":"67","author":"J Palace","year":"2010","unstructured":"Palace J, Leite MI, Nairne A, Vincent A (2010) Interferon Beta treatment in neuromyelitis optica: increase in relapses and aquaporin 4 antibody titers. Arch Neurol 67(8):1016\u20131017. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2010.188","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511421185","volume":"18","author":"MH Barnett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barnett MH, Prineas JW, Buckland ME, Parratt JD, Pollard JD (2012) Massive astrocyte destruction in neuromyelitis optica despite natalizumab therapy. Mult Scler 18(1):108\u2013112. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458511421185","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"10","key":"8445_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826845fe","volume":"79","author":"A Jacob","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jacob A, Hutchinson M, Elsone L, Kelly S, Ali R, Saukans I, Tubridy N, Boggild M (2012) Does natalizumab therapy worsen neuromyelitis optica? Neurology 79(10):1065\u20131066. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826845fe","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.216","volume":"69","author":"I Kleiter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kleiter I, Hellwig K, Berthele A, Kumpfel T, Linker RA, Hartung HP, Paul F, Aktas O, Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (2012) Failure of natalizumab to prevent relapses in neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol 69(2):239\u2013245. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2011.216","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511431973","volume":"18","author":"JH Min","year":"2012","unstructured":"Min JH, Kim BJ, Lee KH (2012) Development of extensive brain lesions following fingolimod (FTY720) treatment in a patient with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Mult Scler 18(1):113\u2013115. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458511431973","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"8445_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7991-1","volume":"263","author":"I Ayzenberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ayzenberg I, Schollhammer J, Hoepner R, Hellwig K, Ringelstein M, Aktas O, Kumpfel T, Krumbholz M, Trebst C, Paul F, Pache F, Obermann M, Zeltner L, Schwab M, Berthele A, Jarius S, Kleiter I (2016) Efficacy of glatiramer acetate in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a multicenter retrospective study. J Neurol 263:575\u2013582. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-015-7991-1","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"8445_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7925-y","volume":"263","author":"L Azzopardi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Azzopardi L, Cox AL, McCarthy CL, Jones JL, Coles AJ (2016) Alemtuzumab use in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a brief case series. J Neurol 263:25\u201329. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-015-7925-y","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"8445_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2012.06.002","volume":"1","author":"DJ Kimbrough","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kimbrough DJ, Fukihara K, Jacob A, Lana-Peixoto MA, Leite MI, Levy M, Marignier R, Nakashima I, Palace J, de Seze J, Stuve O, Tenembaum SN, Traboulsee A, Waubant E, Weinshenker BG, Wingerchuk DM (2012) Treatment of neuromyelitis optica: review and recommendations. Mult Scler Relat Disord 1:180\u2013187. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.msard.2012.06.002","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-7169-7","volume":"261","author":"C Trebst","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trebst C, Jarius S, Berthele A, Paul F, Schippling S, Wildemann B, Borisow N, Kleiter I, Aktas O, Kumpfel T, Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (2014) Update on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica: Recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). Neurology 261(1):1\u201316. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-013-7169-7","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-015-0387-9","volume":"18","author":"RA Kessler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kessler RA, Mealy MA, Levy M (2016) Treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: acute, preventative, and symptomatic. Curr Treat Options Neurol 18(1):2. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s11940-015-0387-9","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2012-000237","volume":"12","author":"J Palace","year":"2012","unstructured":"Palace J, Leite I, Jacob A (2012) A practical guide to the treatment of neuromyelitis optica. Pract Neurol 12(4):209\u2013214. doi:\n                        10.1136\/practneurol-2012-000237","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-011-1168-2","volume":"61","author":"D Stroopinsky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stroopinsky D, Katz T, Rowe JM, Melamed D, Avivi I (2012) Rituximab-induced direct inhibition of T-cell activation. Cancer Immunol Immunother 61(8):1233\u20131241. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00262-011-1168-2","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2013.10.003","volume":"3","author":"J Graves","year":"2014","unstructured":"Graves J, Vinayagasundaram U, Mowry EM, Matthews IR, Marino JA, Cheng J, Waubant E (2014) Effects of rituximab on lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler Relat Disord 3(2):244\u2013252. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.msard.2013.10.003","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"8445_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000159399.81861.D5","volume":"64","author":"BAC Cree","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cree BAC, Lamb S, Morgan K, Chen A, Waubant E, Genain C (2005) An open label study of the effects of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology 64(7):1270\u20131272. doi:\n                        10.1212\/01.WNL.0000159399.81861.D5","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"8445_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.11.noc80069","volume":"65","author":"A Jacob","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jacob A, Weinshenker BG, Violich I, McLinskey N, Krupp L, Fox RJ, Wingerchuk DM, Boggild M, Constantinescu CS, Miller A, De Angelis T, Matiello M, Cree BAC (2008) Treatment of neuromyelitis optica with rituximab: retrospective analysis of 25 patients. Arch Neurol 65(11):1443\u20131448. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneur.65.11.noc80069","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.3071","volume":"70","author":"SH Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim SH, Huh SY, Lee SJ, Joung A, Kim HJ (2013) A 5-year follow-up of rituximab treatment in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. JAMA Neurol 70(9):1110\u20131118. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.3071","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5699","volume":"71","author":"MA Mealy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mealy MA, Wingerchuk DM, Palace J, Greenberg M, Levy M (2014) Comparison of relapse and treatment failure rates among patients with neuromyelitis optica: multicenter study of treatment efficacy. JAMA Neurol 71(3):324\u2013330. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5699","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1276","volume":"72","author":"SH Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim SH, Jeong IH, Hyun JW, Joung A, Jo HJ, Hwang SH, Yun S, Joo J, Kim HJ (2015) Treatment outcomes with rituximab in 100 patients with neuromyelitis optica. Influence of FCGR3A polymorphisms on the therapeutic response to rituximab. JAMA Neurol 72(9):989\u2013995. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1276","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"8445_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7852-y","volume":"262","author":"H Z\u00e9phir","year":"2015","unstructured":"Z\u00e9phir H, Bernard-Valnet R, Lebrun C, Outteryck O, Audoin B, Bourre B, Pittion S, Wiertlewski S, Ouallet JC, Neau JP, Ciron J, Clavelou P, Marignier R, Brassat D (2015) Rituximab as first-line therapy in neuromyelitis optica: efficiency and tolerability. J Neurol 262(10):2329\u20132335. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-015-7852-y","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515594042","volume":"22","author":"M Radaelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Radaelli M, Moiola L, Sangalli F, Esposito F, Barcella V, Ferre L, Rodegher M, Colombo B, Fazio R, Martinelli V, Comi G (2016) Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: long-term safety and efficacy of rituximab in Caucasian patients. Mult Scler 22(4):511\u2013519. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458515594042","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8188-y","volume":"263","author":"P Annovazzi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Annovazzi P, Capobianco M, Moiola L, Patti F, Frau J, Uccelli A, Centonze D, Perini P, Tortorella C, Prosperini L, Lus G, Fuiani A, Falcini M, Martinelli V, Comi G, Ghezzi A (2016) Rituximab in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica: a multicentre Italian observational study. J Neurol 263(9):1727\u20131735. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-016-8188-y","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"8445_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.154","volume":"68","author":"SH Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim SH, Kim W, Li XF, Jung IJ, Kim HJ (2011) Repeated treatment with rituximab based on the assessment of peripheral circulating memory B cells in patients with relapsing neuromyelitis optica over 2 years. Arch Neurol 68(11):1412\u20131419. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2011.154","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8445_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511432896","volume":"18","author":"BM Greenberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Greenberg BM, Graves D, Remington G, Hardeman P, Mann M, Karandikar N, Stuve O, Monson N, Frohman E (2012) Rituximab dosing and monitoring strategies in neuromyelitis optica patients: creating strategies for therapeutic success. Mult Scler 18(7):1022\u20131026. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458511432896","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a1aac7","volume":"81","author":"CS Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang CS, Yang L, Li T, Zhang DQ, Jin WN, Li MS, Su N, Zhangning N, Liu Q, Shao ZH, Yu C, Shi FD (2013) Responsiveness to reduced dosage of rituximab in Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica. Neurology 81(8):710\u2013713. doi:\n                        10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a1aac7","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.103","volume":"68","author":"DB Clifford","year":"2011","unstructured":"Clifford DB, Ances B, Costello C, Rosen-Schmidt S, Andersson M, Parks D, Perry A, Yerra R, Schmidt R, Alvarez E, Tyler KL (2011) Rituximab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Neurol 68(9):1156\u20131164. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2011.103","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7629-8","volume":"262","author":"SH Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim SH, Hyun JW, Jeong IH, Joung A, Yeon JL, Dehmel T, Adams O, Kieseier BC, Kim HJ (2015) Anti-JC virus antibodies in rituximab-treated patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. J Neurol 262(3):696\u2013700. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s00415-014-7629-8","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2015.992881","volume":"11","author":"D Dubey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dubey D, Kieseier BC, Hartung HP, Hemmer B, Miller-Little WA, Stuve O (2014) Clinical management of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies: approved therapies and emerging candidates. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 11(1):93\u2013108. doi:\n                        10.1586\/1744666X.2015.992881","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.668","volume":"70","author":"BC Kieseier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kieseier BC, St\u00fcve O, Dehmel T, Goebels N, Leussink VI, Mausberg AK, Ringelstein M, Turowski B, Aktas O, Antoch G, Hartung HP (2013) Disease amelioration with tocilizumab in a treatment-resistant patient with neuromyelitis optica. JAMA Neurol 70(3):390\u2013393. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.668","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8445_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.1246","volume":"70","author":"I Ayzenberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ayzenberg I, Kleiter I, Schroder A, Hellwig K, Chan A, Yamamura T, Gold R (2013) Interleukin 6 receptor blockade in patients with neuromyelitis optica nonresponsive to anti-CD20 therapy. JAMA Neurol 70(3):394\u2013397. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.1246","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s10165-012-0715-9","volume":"23","author":"M Araki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Araki M, Aranami T, Matsuoka T, Nakamura M, Miyake S, Yamamura T (2012) Clinical improvement in a patient with neuromyelitis optica following therapy with the anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody tocilizumab. Mod Rheumatol 23(4):827\u2013831. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s10165-012-0715-9","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8445_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-014-0247-3","volume":"14","author":"J Harmel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harmel J, Ringelstein M, Ingwersen J, Mathys C, Goebels N, Hartung HP, Jarius S, Aktas O (2014) Interferon-\u03b2-related tumefactive brain lesion in a Caucasian patient with neuromyelitis optica and clinical stabilization with tocilizumab. BMC Neurol 14(1):473\u2013475. doi:\n                        10.1186\/s12883-014-0247-3","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"03","key":"8445_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-202939","volume":"26","author":"AS Lauenstein","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lauenstein AS, Stettner M, Kieseier BC, Lensch E (2014) Treating neuromyelitis optica with the interleukin-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab. BMJ Case Rep 26(03):2014. doi:\n                        10.1136\/bcr-2013-202939\n                        \n                     (published online)","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"8445_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.0533","volume":"72","author":"M Ringelstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ringelstein M, Ayzenberg I, Harmel J, Lauenstein AS, Lensch E, St\u00f6gbauer F, Hellwig K, Ellrichmann G, Stettner M, Chan A, Hartung HP, Kieseier B, Gold R, Aktas O, Kleiter I (2015) Long-term therapy with interleukin 6 receptor blockade in highly active neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. JAMA Neurol 72(7):756\u2013758. doi:\n                        10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.0533","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3109\/14397595.2013.861333","volume":"26","author":"T Komai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Komai T, Shoda H, Yamaguchi K, Sakurai K, Shibuya M, Kubo K, Takahashi T, Fujio K, Yamamoto K (2016) Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder complicated with Sjogren syndrome successfully treated with tocilizumab: a case report. Mod Rheumatol 26(2):294\u2013296. doi:\n                        10.3109\/14397595.2013.861333","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"8445_CR106","unstructured":"Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., LTD. SMART-Ig (recycling antibody). \n                        http:\/\/www.chugai-pharm.co.jp\/english\/ir\/rd\/technologies_popup1.html\n                        \n                    #. Accessed 14 Dec 2016"},{"issue":"11","key":"8445_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1344","volume":"25","author":"RP Rother","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rother RP, Rollins SA, Mojcik CF, Brodsky RA, Bell L (2007) Discovery and development of the complement inhibitor eculizumab for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Nat Biotechnol 25(11):1256\u20131264. doi:\n                        10.1038\/nbt1344","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8445_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.188","volume":"66","author":"SR Hinson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hinson SR, McKeon A, Fryer JP, Apiwattanakul M, Lennon VA, Pittock SJ (2009) Prediction of neuromyelitis optica attack severity by quantitation of complement-mediated injury to aquaporin-4-expressing cells. Arch Neurol 66(9):1164\u20131167. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2009.188","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8445_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70076-0","volume":"12","author":"SJ Pittock","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, McKeon A, Mandrekar J, Weinshenker BG, Lucchinetti CF, O\u2019Toole O, Wingerchuk DM (2013) Eculizumab in AQP4-IgG-positive relapsing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: an open-label pilot study. Lancet Neurol 12(6):554\u2013562. doi:\n                        10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70076-0","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8445_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.38","volume":"68","author":"M Matiello","year":"2011","unstructured":"Matiello M, Pittock SJ, Porrata L, Weinshenker BG (2011) Failure of autologous haematopoietic to prevent relapse of neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol 68(7):953\u2013955. doi:\n                        10.1001\/archneurol.2011.38","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8445_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514541978","volume":"21","author":"R Greco","year":"2015","unstructured":"Greco R, Bondanza A, Oliveira MC, Badoglio M, Burman J, Piehl F, Hagglund H, Krasulova E, Simoes B, Pinto CK, Pohlreich D, Labopin M, Saccardi R, Comi G, Mancardi GL, Bacigalupo A, Ciceri F, Farge D (2015) Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in neuromyelitis optica: a registry study of the EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party. Mult Scler 21(2):189\u2013197. doi:\n                        10.1177\/1352458514541978","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3209","volume":"12","author":"K Blanc Le","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le Blanc K, Mougiakakos D (2012) Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and the innate immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 12(5):383\u2013396. doi:\n                        10.1038\/nri3209","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3163","volume":"15","author":"Z Kokaia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kokaia Z, Martino G, Schwartz M, Lindvall O (2012) Cross-talk between neural stem cells and immune cells: the key to better brain repair? Nat Neurosci 15(8):1078\u20131087. doi:\n                        10.1038\/nn.3163","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"8445_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.2174\/156720212803530708","volume":"9","author":"Z Lu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lu Z, Ye D, Qian L, Zhu L, Wang C, Guan D, Zhang X, Xu Y (2012) Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy on neuromyelitis optica. Curr Neurovasc Res 9(4):250\u2013255. doi:\n                        10.2174\/156720212803530708","journal-title":"Curr Neurovasc Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"8445_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12559","volume":"22","author":"Y Fu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fu Y, Yan Y, Qi Y, Yang L, Li T, Zhang N, Yu C, Su L, Zhang R, Shen Y, Lin S, Liu Q, Shao Z, Han Z, Shi FD (2016) Impact of autologous mesenchymal stem cell infusion on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a pilot, 2-year observational study. CNS Neurosci Ther 22(8):677\u2013685. doi:\n                        10.1111\/cns.12559","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"8445_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.06.053","volume":"1638","author":"M Levy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Levy M, Boulis N, Rao M, Svendsen CN (2016) Regenrative cellular therapies for neurologic diseases. Brain Res 1638(Pt A):88\u201396. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.06.053","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8445_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2015.07.011","volume":"4","author":"S Lida","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lida S, Nakamura M, Wate R, Kaneko S, Kusaka H (2015) Successful treatment of paroxysmal tonic spasms with topiramate in a patient with neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler Relat Disord 4(5):457\u2013459. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.msard.2015.07.011","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"issue":"14","key":"8445_CR118","first-page":"Supplement P5.2","volume":"84","author":"C Clerc","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clerc C, Bourre B, Mathieu B, Zephir H, Jean-Baptiste C, Collongues N, Blanc F, Zaencker C, Vermersch P, de Seze J (2015) Dalfampridine for symptomatic treatment of neuromyelitis optica (P5.263). Neurology 84(14):Supplement P5.263","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8445_CR119","unstructured":"Mutch KP, Wilson M, Manohar R, Zhao S, Leggett H, Hamid S, Elsone L, Jacob A (2015) Efficacy of fampridine modified-release on ambulation in neuromyelitis optica: a pilot study. ECTRIMS Online Library: Poster P1175. \n                        http:\/\/onlinelibrary.ectrims-congress.eu\/ectrims\/2015\/31st\/116184\/kerry.mutch.efficacy.of.fampridine.modified-release.on.ambulation.in.html?f=m1\n                        \n                    . Accessed 14 Dec 2016"},{"key":"8445_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e011142","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011142","volume":"6","author":"P Moore","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moore P, Jackson C, Mutch K, Methley A, Pollard C, Hamid S, Jacob A (2016) Patient-reported outcome measure for neuromyelitis optica: pretesting of preliminary instrument and protocol for further development in accordance with international guidelines. BMJ Open 6:e011142. doi:\n                        10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011142","journal-title":"BMJ Open"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-017-8445-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-017-8445-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-017-8445-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,25]],"date-time":"2017-10-25T13:14:30Z","timestamp":1508937270000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-017-8445-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["8445"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-017-8445-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]]}}}