{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T11:34:27Z","timestamp":1761824067748,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543795200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection","Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection","Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapies for Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection","Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapies for Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection","Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection","Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapies for Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection","Grant-in-Aid from the Research Committee of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapies for Prion Disease and Slow Virus Infection"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18K07397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K07397"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-9140-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T05:56:46Z","timestamp":1543816606000},"page":"369-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A controlled inflammation and a regulatory immune system are associated with more favorable prognosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"266","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1226-2425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuo","family":"Sanjo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yurie","family":"Nose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Shishido-Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saneyuki","family":"Mizutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Sekijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Aizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Tanizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"9140_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04444","volume":"439","author":"DL Barber","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barber DL, Wherry EJ, Masopust D, Zhu B, Allison JP, Sharpe AH, Freeman GJ, Ahmed R (2006) Restoring function in exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection. Nature 439:682\u2013687","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9140_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1086\/374048","volume":"36","author":"J Berenguer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Berenguer J, Miralles P, Arrizabalaga J, Ribera E, Dronda F, Baraia-Etxaburu J, Domingo P, Marquez M, Rodriguez-Arrondo FJ, Laguna F, Rubio R, Lacruz Rodrigo J, Mallolas J, de Miguel V, Group GS (2003) Clinical course and prognostic factors of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 36:1047\u20131052","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"9140_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.2165\/11537510-000000000-00000","volume":"33","author":"JR Berger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berger JR (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and newer biological agents. Drug Saf 33:969\u2013983","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"9140_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2fa1","volume":"80","author":"JR Berger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berger JR, Aksamit AJ, Clifford DB, Davis L, Koralnik IJ, Sejvar JJ, Bartt R, Major EO, Nath A (2013) PML diagnostic criteria: consensus statement from the AAN neuroinfectious disease section. Neurology 80:1430\u20131438","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9140_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1086\/427698","volume":"40","author":"S Bossolasco","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bossolasco S, Calori G, Moretti F, Boschini A, Bertelli D, Mena M, Gerevini S, Bestetti A, Pedale R, Sala S, Sala S, Lazzarin A, Cinque P (2005) Prognostic significance of JC virus DNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Clin Infect Dis 40:738\u2013744","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"9140_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01614-08","volume":"53","author":"M Brickelmaier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brickelmaier M, Lugovskoy A, Kartikeyan R, Reviriego-Mendoza MM, Allaire N, Simon K, Frisque RJ, Gorelik L (2009) Identification and characterization of mefloquine efficacy against JC virus in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:1840\u20131849","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"9140_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-002-0481-4","volume":"81","author":"R Buckanovich","year":"2002","unstructured":"Buckanovich R, Liu G, Stricker C, Luger S, Stadtmauer E, Schuster S, Duffy K, Tsai D, Pruitt A, Porter D (2002) Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for refractory Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma complicated by interleukin-2 responsive progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Hematol 81:410\u2013413","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"9140_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(87)90027-0","volume":"9","author":"IC Bygbjerg","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bygbjerg IC, Svenson M, Theander TG, Bendtzen K (1987) Effect of antimalarial drugs on stimulation and interleukin 2 production of human lymphocytes. Int J Immunopharmacol 9:513\u2013519","journal-title":"Int J Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"9140_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.05.006","volume":"309","author":"A Carotenuto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carotenuto A, Scalia G, Ausiello F, Moccia M, Russo CV, Sacc\u00e0 F, De Rosa A, Criscuolo C, Del Vecchio L, Brescia Morra V, Lanzillo R (2017) CD4\/CD8 ratio during natalizumab treatment in multiple sclerosis patients. J Neuroimmunol 309:47\u201350","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"9140_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70028-4","volume":"9","author":"DB Clifford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Clifford DB, DeLuca A, Simpson DM, Arendt G, Giovannoni G, Nath A (2010) Natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis: lessons from 28 cases. Lancet Neurol 9:438\u2013446","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"9140_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-013-0173-y","volume":"19","author":"DB Clifford","year":"2013","unstructured":"Clifford DB, Nath A, Cinque P, Brew BJ, Zivadinov R, Gorelik L, Zhao Z, Duda P (2013) A study of mefloquine treatment for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: results and exploration of predictors of PML outcomes. J Neurolvirol 19:351\u2013358","journal-title":"J Neurolvirol"},{"key":"9140_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.3.623","volume":"52","author":"DB Clifford","year":"1999","unstructured":"Clifford DB, Yiannoutsos C, Glicksman M, Simpson DM, Singer EJ, Piliero PJ, Marra CM, Francis GS, McArthur JC, Tyler KL, Tselis AC, Hyslop NE (1999) HAART improves prognosis in HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 52:623\u2013625","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9140_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280802425467","volume":"15","author":"S Delbue","year":"2009","unstructured":"Delbue S, Branchetti E, Bertolacci S, Tavazzi E, Marchioni E, Maserati R, Minnucci G, Tremolada S, Vago G, Ferrante P (2009) JC virus VP1 loop-specific polymorphisms are associated with favorable prognosis for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neurovirol 15:51\u201356","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"9140_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3511","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24051","volume":"227","author":"S Delbue","year":"2012","unstructured":"Delbue S, Elia F, Carloni C, Tavazzi E, Marchioni E, Carluccio S, Signorini L, Novati S, Maserati R, Ferrante P (2012) JC virus load in cerebrospinal fluid and transcriptional control region rearrangements may predict the clinical course of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Cell Physiol 227:3511\u20133517","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"9140_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10206","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.18.10206-10210.2004","volume":"78","author":"RA Du Pasquier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Du Pasquier RA, Schmitz JE, Jean-Jacques J, Zheng Y, Gordon J, Khalili K, Letvin NL, Koralnik IJ (2004) Detection of JC virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in healthy Individuals. J Virol 78:10206\u201310210","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"9140_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7256","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02506-10","volume":"85","author":"S Gheuens","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gheuens S, Bord E, Kesari S, Simpson DM, Gandhi RT, Clifford DB, Berger JR, Ngo L, Koralnik IJ (2011) Role of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses against JC virus in the outcome of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and PML with Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. J Virol 85:7256\u20137263","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"9140_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280500511741","volume":"11","author":"F Gray","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gray F, Bazille C, Adle-Biassette H, Mikol J, Moulignier A, Scaravilli F (2005) Central nervous system immune reconstitution disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients receiving highly active antiretroviral treatment. J Neurovirol 11(Suppl 3):16\u201322","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"9140_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harel A, Horng S, Gustafson T, Ramineni A, Farber RS, Fabian M (2018) Successful treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with recombinant interleukin-7 and maraviroc in a patient with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. J NeuroVirol","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-018-0657-x"},{"key":"9140_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21085","volume":"62","author":"D Huang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Huang D, Cossoy M, Li M, Choi D, Taege A, Staugaitis SM, Rehm S, Ransohoff RM (2007) Inflammatory progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients. Ann Neurol 62:34\u201339","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"9140_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.11.004","volume":"324","author":"Z Kobayashi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kobayashi Z, Akaza M, Numasawa Y, Ishihara S, Tomimitsu H, Nakamichi K, Saijo M, Morio T, Shimizu N, Sanjo N, Shintani S, Mizusawa H (2013) Failure of mefloquine therapy in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: report of two Japanese patients without human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Neurol Sci 324:190\u2013194","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"9140_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302848","volume":"193","author":"JM Lykken","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lykken JM, DiLillo DJ, Weimer ET, Roser-Page S, Heise MT, Grayson JM, Weitzmann MN, Tedder TF (2014) Acute and chronic B cell depletion disrupts CD4+ and CD8+ T cell homeostasis and expansion during acute viral infection in mice. J Immunol 193:746\u2013756","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"9140_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.53.1.306-311.1985","volume":"53","author":"JD Martin","year":"1985","unstructured":"Martin JD, King DM, Slauch JM, Frisque RJ (1985) Differences in regulatory sequences of naturally occurring JC virus variants. J Virol 53:306\u2013311","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"9140_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxv038","volume":"27","author":"C Mauri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mauri C, Menon M (2015) The expanding family of regulatory B cells. Int Immunol 27:479\u2013486","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"9140_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0900-5","volume":"123","author":"I Metz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Metz I, Radue EW, Oterino A, Kumpfel T, Wiendl H, Schippling S, Kuhle J, Sahraian MA, Gray F, Jakl V, Hausler D, Bruck W (2012) Pathology of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in multiple sclerosis with natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol 123:235\u2013245","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"9140_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e415","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000415","volume":"5","author":"S Nishiyama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nishiyama S, Misu T, Shishido-Hara Y, Nakamichi K, Saijo M, Takai Y, Takei K, Yamamoto N, Kuroda H, Saito R, Watanabe M, Tominaga T, Nakashima I, Fujihara K, Aoki M (2018) Fingolimod-associated PML with mild IRIS in MS: A clinicopathologic study. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 5:e415","journal-title":"Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"9140_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-002-0526-8","volume":"104","author":"Y Okada","year":"2002","unstructured":"Okada Y, Sawa H, Endo S, Orba Y, Umemura T, Nishihara H, Stan AC, Tanaka S, Takahashi H, Nagashima K (2002) Expression of JC virus agnoprotein in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy brain. Acta Neuropathol 104:130\u2013136","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"9140_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2018.01.002","volume":"223","author":"D Pavlovic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pavlovic D, Patel MA, Patera AC, Peterson I (2018) T cell deficiencies as a common risk factor for drug associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Immunobiology 223:508\u2013517","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"9140_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285615602832","volume":"8","author":"D Pavlovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pavlovic D, Patera AC, Nyberg F, Gerber M, Liu M, for the Progressive Multifocal Leukeoncephalopathy C (2015) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: current treatment options and future perspectives. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 8:255\u2013273","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"9140_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00340.x","volume":"41","author":"BK Pedersen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Pedersen BK, Bygbjerg IC, Theander TG, Andersen BJ (1986) Effects of chloroquine, mefloquine and quinine on natural killer cell activity in vitro. An analysis of the inhibitory mechanism. Allergy 41:537\u2013542","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"9140_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.6051","volume":"55","author":"N Sanjo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sanjo N, Kina S, Shishido-Hara Y, Nose Y, Ishibashi S, Fukuda T, Maehara T, Eishi Y, Mizusawa H, Yokota T (2016) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with balanced CD4\/CD8 T-cell infiltration and good response to mefloquine treatment. Intern Med 55:1631\u20131635","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"9140_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2010.03.001","volume":"65","author":"R Shah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shah R, Bag AK, Chapman PR, Cur\u00e9 JK (2010) Imaging manifestations of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Clin Radiol 65:431\u2013439","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"9140_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0694-x","volume":"120","author":"Y Shishido-Hara","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shishido-Hara Y (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies: a review of clinical, neuropathological, and virological aspects of JC virus-induced demyelinating disease. Acta Neuropathol 120:403\u2013417","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"9140_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31816a1dd3","volume":"67","author":"Y Shishido-Hara","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shishido-Hara Y, Higuchi K, Ohara S, Duyckaerts C, Hauw J-J, Uchihara T (2008) Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies provide a scaffold for human polyomavirus JC replication and are disrupted after development of viral inclusions in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neuropathol Exper Neurol 67:299\u2013308","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exper Neurol"},{"key":"9140_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70040-5","volume":"9","author":"CS Tan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tan CS, Koralnik IJ (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other disorders caused by JC virus: clinical features and pathogenesis. Lancet Neurol 9:425\u2013437","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"9140_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1086\/314496","volume":"178","author":"Y Taoufik","year":"1998","unstructured":"Taoufik Y, Gasnault J, Karaterki A, Pierre Ferey M, Marchadier E, Goujard C, Lannuzel A, Delfraissy JF, Dussaix E (1998) Prognostic value of JC virus load in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Infect Dis 178:1816\u20131820","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"9140_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1004","volume":"49","author":"F Weber","year":"2001","unstructured":"Weber F, Goldmann C, Kr\u00e4mer M, Kaup FJ, Pickhardt M, Young P, Petry H, Weber T, L\u00fcke W (2001) Cellular and humoral immune response in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 49:636\u2013642","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"9140_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2010.09.021","volume":"231","author":"R Weissert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weissert R (2011) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neuroimmunol 231:73\u201377","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"9140_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4911","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.8.4911-4927.2003","volume":"77","author":"EJ Wherry","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wherry EJ, Blattman JN, Murali-Krishna K, van der Most R, Ahmed R (2003) Viral persistence alters CD8 T-cell immunodominance and tissue distribution and results in distinct stages of functional impairment. J Virol 77:4911\u20134927","journal-title":"J Virol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9140-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9140-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9140-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T13:03:52Z","timestamp":1589634232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9140-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["9140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9140-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0340-5354"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-1459"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 September 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 November 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 December 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest, or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The protocol followed ethical requirements and was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Tokyo Medical and Dental University. This study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down by the 2013 Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standard"}}]}}