{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:11:23Z","timestamp":1787793083551,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]],"date-time":"2019-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Finnish Parkinson Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Suomen L??ketieteen S??ti?","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004212","name":"P?ivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin S??ti?","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Academy of Finland","award":["295724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["295724"]}]},{"name":"The Academy of Finland","award":["310835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310835"]}]},{"name":"The Turku University Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011797","name":"Turun Yliopistollinen Keskussairaala","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERVA-funds"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERVA-funds"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09202-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,27]],"date-time":"2019-01-27T22:18:06Z","timestamp":1548627486000},"page":"826-834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Individual parkinsonian motor signs and striatal dopamine transporter deficiency: a study with [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"266","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7591-1990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elina","family":"M\u00e4kinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juho","family":"Joutsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elina","family":"Jaakkola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommi","family":"Noponen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarkko","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miia","family":"Pitkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reeta","family":"Levo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuomas","family":"Mertsalmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Scheperjans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valtteri","family":"Kaasinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"9202_CR1","volume-title":"Marsden\u2019s book of movement disorders","author":"CD Marsden","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marsden CD, Donaldson I, Schneider S, Bhatia KD (2012) Marsden\u2019s book of movement disorders. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"9202_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002350","volume":"86","author":"G Rizzo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rizzo G, Copetti M, Arcuti S, Martino D, Fontana A, Logroscino G (2016) Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Parkinson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology 86:566\u2013576","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9202_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25103","volume":"82","author":"V Kaasinen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaasinen V, Vahlberg T (2017) Striatal dopamine in Parkinson disease: a meta-analysis of imaging studies. Ann Neurol 82:873\u2013882","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"9202_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr177","volume":"134","author":"JL Cummings","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cummings JL, Henchcliffe C, Schaier S, Simuni T, Waxman A, Kemp P (2011) The role of dopaminergic imaging in patients with symptoms of dopaminergic system neurodegeneration. Brain 134:3146\u20133166","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"9202_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1267-x","volume":"37","author":"J Darcourt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Darcourt J, Booij J, Tatsch K, Varrone A, Vander Borght T, Kapucu OL, N\u00e5gren K, Nobili F, Walker Z, Van Laere K (2010) EANM procedure guidelines for brain neurotransmission SPECT using (123)I-labelled dopamine transporter ligands, version 2. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 37:443\u2013450","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"9202_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.11.007","volume":"21","author":"F Ba","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ba F, Martin WR (2015) Dopamine transporter imaging as a diagnostic tool for parkinsonism and related disorders in clinical practice. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 21:87\u201394","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"9202_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10579","volume":"18","author":"W Pirker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pirker W (2003) Correlation of dopamine transporter imaging with parkinsonian motor handicap: how close is it? Mov Disord 18(Suppl 7):S43\u2013S51","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3206","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws023","volume":"135","author":"RC Helmich","year":"2012","unstructured":"Helmich RC, Hallett M, Deuschl G, Toni I, Bloem BR (2012) Cerebral causes and consequences of parkinsonian resting tremor: a tale of two circuits? Brain 135:3206\u20133226","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"9202_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22340","volume":"23","author":"CG Goetz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goetz CG, Tilley BC, Shaftman SR, Stebbins GT, Fahn S, Martinez-Martin P, Poewe W, Sampaio C, Stern MB, Dodel R, Dubois B, Holloway R, Jankovic J, Kulisevsky J, Lang AE, Lees A, Leurgans S, LeWitt PA, Nyenhuis D, Olanow CW, Rascol O, Schrag A, Teresi JA, van Hilten JJ, LaPelle N, Force MD (2008) S.U.R.T. Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results. Mov Disord 23:2129\u20132170","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.5.427","volume":"17","author":"MM Hoehn","year":"1967","unstructured":"Hoehn MM, Yahr MD (1967) Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality. Neurology 17:427\u2013442","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9202_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20213","volume":"19","author":"CG Goetz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Goetz CG, Poewe W, Rascol O, Sampaio C, Stebbins GT, Counsell C, Giladi N, Holloway RG, Moore CG, Wenning GK, Yahr MD, Seidl L, Disease, M.D.S.T.F.o.R.S.f.P.s (2004) Movement Disorder Society Task Force report on the Hoehn and Yahr staging scale: status and recommendations. Mov Disord 19:1020\u20131028","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","volume":"12","author":"MF Folstein","year":"1975","unstructured":"Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) \u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189\u2013198","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"9202_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-015-3304-2","volume":"43","author":"NL Albert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Albert NL, Unterrainer M, Diemling M, Xiong G, Bartenstein P, Koch W, Varrone A, Dickson JC, Tossici-Bolt L, Sera T, Asenbaum S, Booij J, Kapucu L, Kluge A, Ziebell M, Darcourt J, Nobili F, Pagani M, Sabri O, Hesse S, Borght TV, Van Laere K, Tatsch K, la Foug\u00e8re C (2016) Implementation of the European multicentre database of healthy controls for [(123)I]FP-CIT SPECT increases diagnostic accuracy in patients with clinically uncertain parkinsonian syndromes. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 43:1315\u20131322","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"9202_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-016-1586-6","volume":"123","author":"E M\u00e4kinen","year":"2016","unstructured":"M\u00e4kinen E, Joutsa J, Johansson J, M\u00e4ki M, Sepp\u00e4nen M, Kaasinen V (2016) Visual versus automated analysis of [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT scans in parkinsonism. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 123:1309\u20131318","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"9202_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::AID-CNCR2820030106>3.0.CO;2-3","volume":"3","author":"WJ Youden","year":"1950","unstructured":"Youden WJ (1950) Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer 3:32\u201335","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9202_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-015-1495-0","volume":"123","author":"E Jaakkola","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jaakkola E, Joutsa J, Kaasinen V (2016) Predictors of normal and abnormal outcome in clinical brain dopamine transporter imaging. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 123:205\u2013209","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"9202_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-303993","volume":"84","author":"M Bologna","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bologna M, Fabbrini G, Marsili L, Defazio G, Thompson PD, Berardelli A (2013) Facial bradykinesia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84:681\u2013685","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"9202_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21887","volume":"23","author":"R Agostino","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agostino R, Bologna M, Dinapoli L, Gregori B, Fabbrini G, Accornero N, Berardelli A (2008) Voluntary, spontaneous, and reflex blinking in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 23:669\u2013675","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.08.1516","volume":"358","author":"L Ricciardi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ricciardi L, Bologna M, Morgante F, Ricciardi D, Morabito B, Volpe D, Martino D, Tessitore A, Pomponi M, Bentivoglio AR, Bernabei R, Fasano A (2015) Reduced facial expressiveness in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pure motor disorder? J Neurol Sci 358:125\u2013130","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"9202_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169110","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169110","volume":"12","author":"L Ricciardi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ricciardi L, Visco-Comandini F, Erro R, Morgante F, Bologna M, Fasano A, Ricciardi D, Edwards MJ, Kilner J (2017) Facial emotion recognition and expression in Parkinson\u2019s disease: an emotional mirror mechanism? PLoS One 12:e0169110","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"9202_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.02.015","volume":"21","author":"G Santangelo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Santangelo G, Vitale C, Picillo M, Cuoco S, Moccia M, Pezzella D, Erro R, Longo K, Vicidomini C, Pellecchia MT, Amboni M, Brunetti A, Salvatore M, Barone P, Pappat\u00e0 S (2015) Apathy and striatal dopamine transporter levels in de-novo, untreated Parkinson\u2019s disease patients. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 21:489\u2013493","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0131470","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131470","volume":"10","author":"I Enrici","year":"2015","unstructured":"Enrici I, Adenzato M, Ardito RB, Mitkova A, Cavallo M, Zibetti M, Lopiano L, Castelli L (2015) Emotion processing in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a three-level study on recognition, representation, and regulation. PLoS One 10:e0131470","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"9202_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22480","volume":"24","author":"AJ Espay","year":"2009","unstructured":"Espay AJ, Beaton DE, Morgante F, Gunraj CA, Lang AE, Chen R (2009) Impairments of speed and amplitude of movement in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pilot study. Mov Disord 24:1001\u20131008","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.11.2131","volume":"124","author":"A Berardelli","year":"2001","unstructured":"Berardelli A, Rothwell JC, Thompson PD, Hallett M (2001) Pathophysiology of bradykinesia in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain 124:2131\u20132146","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"9202_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.01.010","volume":"37","author":"JC Schilder","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schilder JC, Overmars SS, Marinus J, van Hilten JJ, Koehler PJ (2017) The terminology of akinesia, bradykinesia and hypokinesia: Past, present and future. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 37:27\u201335","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.193391","volume":"81","author":"NP Bajaj","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bajaj NP, Gontu V, Birchall J, Patterson J, Grosset DG, Lees AJ (2010) Accuracy of clinical diagnosis in tremulous parkinsonian patients: a blinded video study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 81:1223\u20131228","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"9202_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.07.002","volume":"31","author":"N Nicastro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nicastro N, Garibotto V, Badoud S, Burkhard PR (2016) Scan without evidence of dopaminergic deficit: a 10-year retrospective study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 31:53\u201358","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"9202_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-014-2796-5","volume":"41","author":"V Kaasinen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kaasinen V, Kinos M, Joutsa J, Sepp\u00e4nen M, Noponen T (2014) Differences in striatal dopamine transporter density between tremor dominant and non-tremor Parkinson\u2019s disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 41:1931\u20131937","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09202-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09202-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09202-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T19:10:52Z","timestamp":1580152252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09202-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["9202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09202-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 October 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2019","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"This cross-sectional study uses data from a prospective clinical and imaging study. The present study was performed at Turku University Hospital, Finland (Center 1) and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (Center 2), between years 2014 and 2017. The study design was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Hospital District of the Southwest Finland and the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, and was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}