{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:47:57Z","timestamp":1790423277505,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09255-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T02:21:56Z","timestamp":1551234116000},"page":"1236-1249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Postural control during galvanic vestibular stimulation in patients with persistent perceptual\u2013postural dizziness"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"266","author":[{"given":"Josephin","family":"Woll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Sprenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Helmchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"9255_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00481","volume":"9","author":"SM Rosengren","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rosengren SM, Colebatch JG (2018) The contributions of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials and acoustic vestibular stimulation to our understanding of the vestibular system. Front Neurol 9:481","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00008.2004","volume":"96","author":"RC Fitzpatrick","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick RC, Day BL (2004) Probing the human vestibular system with galvanic stimulation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 96:2301\u20132316","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"9255_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.12.041","volume":"124","author":"CM Tax","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tax CM, Bom AP, Taylor RL, Todd N, Cho KK, Fitzpatrick RC, Welgampola MS (2013) The galvanic whole-body sway response in health and disease. Clin Neurophysiol 124:2036\u20132045","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0713-0_15","volume":"508","author":"DL Wardman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wardman DL, Fitzpatrick RC (2002) What does galvanic vestibular stimulation stimulate? Adv Exp Med Biol 508:119\u2013128","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"9255_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2010.01349.x","volume":"123","author":"S Rinalduzzi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rinalduzzi S, Cipriani AM, Capozza M, Accornero N (2011) Postural responses to low-intensity, short-duration, galvanic vestibular stimulation as a possible differential diagnostic procedure. Acta Neurol Scand 123:111\u2013116","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"9255_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9097","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4239-15.2016","volume":"36","author":"KD Gensberger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gensberger KD, Kaufmann AK, Dietrich H, Branoner F, Banchi R, Chagnaud BP, Straka H (2016) Galvanic vestibular stimulation: cellular substrates and response patterns of neurons in the vestibulo-ocular network. J Neurosci 36:9097\u20139110","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"9255_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.02.049","volume":"26","author":"T Stephan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stephan T, Deutschlander A, Nolte A, Schneider E, Wiesmann M, Brandt T, Dieterich M (2005) Functional MRI of galvanic vestibular stimulation with alternating currents at different frequencies. Neuroimage 26:721\u2013732","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"9255_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.2.886","volume":"85","author":"S Bense","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bense S, Stephan T, Yousry TA, Brandt T, Dieterich M (2001) Multisensory cortical signal increases and decreases during vestibular galvanic stimulation (fMRI). J Neurophysiol 85:886\u2013899","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-014-0983-6","volume":"221","author":"CA Cyran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cyran CA, Boegle R, Stephan T, Dieterich M, Glasauer S (2016) Age-related decline in functional connectivity of the vestibular cortical network. Brain Struct Funct 221:1443\u20131463","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"9255_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2699","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.80.5.2699","volume":"80","author":"E Lobel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lobel E, Kleine JF, Bihan DL, Leroy-Willig A, Berthoz A (1998) Functional MRI of galvanic vestibular stimulation. J Neurophysiol 80:2699\u20132709","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200212200-00001","volume":"13","author":"RC Fitzpatrick","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick RC, Marsden J, Lord SR, Day BL (2002) Galvanic vestibular stimulation evokes sensations of body rotation. Neuroreport 13:2379\u20132383","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"9255_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2014.08.028","volume":"581","author":"K Volkening","year":"2014","unstructured":"Volkening K, Bergmann J, Keller I, Wuehr M, Muller F, Jahn K (2014) Verticality perception during and after galvanic vestibular stimulation. Neurosci Lett 581:75\u201379","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"9255_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0931s.x","volume":"517","author":"RC Fitzpatrick","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick RC, Wardman DL, Taylor JL (1999) Effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation during human walking. J Physiol 517(Pt 3):931\u2013939","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"9255_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ertl M, Klimek M, Boegle R, Stephan T, Dieterich M, Vestibular perception thresholds tested by galvanic vestibular stimulation. J Neurol (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8808-9"},{"key":"9255_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.09.014","volume":"115","author":"F Moss","year":"2004","unstructured":"Moss F, Ward LM, Sannita WG (2004) Stochastic resonance and sensory information processing: a tutorial and review of application. Clin Neurophysiol 115:267\u2013281","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/376236a0","volume":"376","author":"JJ Collins","year":"1995","unstructured":"Collins JJ, Chow CC, Imhoff TT (1995) Stochastic resonance without tuning. Nature 376:236\u2013238","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9255_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.10.016","volume":"11","author":"M Wuehr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wuehr M, Boerner JC, Pradhan C, Decker J, Jahn K, Brandt T, Schniepp R (2018) Stochastic resonance in the human vestibular system\u2014noise-induced facilitation of vestibulospinal reflexes. Brain Stimul 11:261\u2013263","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"9255_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0136335","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136335","volume":"10","author":"R Goel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goel R, Kofman I, Jeevarajan J, De Dios Y, Cohen HS, Bloomberg JJ, Mulavara AP (2015) Using low levels of stochastic vestibular stimulation to improve balance function. PLoS One 10:e0136335","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"9255_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-005-0329-y","volume":"172","author":"HG MacDougall","year":"2006","unstructured":"MacDougall HG, Moore ST, Curthoys IS, Black FO (2006) Modeling postural instability with galvanic vestibular stimulation. Exp Brain Res 172:208\u2013220","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"9255_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-011-2633-z","volume":"210","author":"AP Mulavara","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mulavara AP, Fiedler MJ, Kofman IS, Wood SJ, Serrador JM, Peters B, Cohen HS, Reschke MF, Bloomberg JJ (2011) Improving balance function using vestibular stochastic resonance: optimizing stimulus characteristics. Exp Brain Res 210:303\u2013312","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"9255_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000215","volume":"82","author":"S Iwasaki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Iwasaki S, Yamamoto Y, Togo F, Kinoshita M, Yoshifuji Y, Fujimoto C, Yamasoba T (2014) Noisy vestibular stimulation improves body balance in bilateral vestibulopathy. Neurology 82:969\u2013975","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9255_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.08.017","volume":"9","author":"M Wuehr","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wuehr M, Nusser E, Krafczyk S, Straube A, Brandt T, Jahn K, Schniepp R (2016) Noise-enhanced vestibular input improves dynamic walking stability in healthy subjects. Brain Stimul 9:109\u2013116","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"9255_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37575","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37575","volume":"6","author":"C Fujimoto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fujimoto C, Yamamoto Y, Kamogashira T, Kinoshita M, Egami N, Uemura Y, Togo F, Yamasoba T, Iwasaki S (2016) Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation induces a sustained improvement in body balance in elderly adults. Sci Rep 6:37575","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"9255_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2009-0360","volume":"19","author":"S Pal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pal S, Rosengren SM, Colebatch JG (2009) Stochastic galvanic vestibular stimulation produces a small reduction in sway in Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Vestib Res 19:137\u2013142","journal-title":"J Vestib Res"},{"key":"9255_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.11.019","volume":"8","author":"G Samoudi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Samoudi G, Jivegard M, Mulavara AP, Bergquist F (2015) Effects of stochastic vestibular galvanic stimulation and LDOPA on balance and motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain Stimul 8:474\u2013480","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"9255_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00101","volume":"12","author":"J Cai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cai J, Lee S, Ba F, Garg S, Kim LJ, Liu A, Kim D, Wang ZJ, McKeown MJ (2018) Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) augments deficient pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) connectivity in mild Parkinson\u2019s disease: fMRI effects of different stimuli. Front Neurosci 12:101","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"9255_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24342","volume":"124","author":"C Fujimoto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fujimoto C, Egami N, Kinoshita M, Sugasawa K, Yamasoba T, Iwasaki S (2014) Postural stability in vestibular neuritis: age, disease duration, and residual vestibular function. Laryngoscope 124:974\u2013979","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"9255_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-170622","volume":"27","author":"JP Staab","year":"2017","unstructured":"Staab JP, Eckhardt-Henn A, Horii A, Jacob R, Strupp M, Brandt T, Bronstein A (2017) Diagnostic criteria for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD): Consensus document of the committee for the classification of vestibular disorders of the Barany Society. J Vestib Res 27:191\u2013208","journal-title":"J Vestib Res"},{"key":"9255_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2017-001809","volume":"18","author":"S Popkirov","year":"2018","unstructured":"Popkirov S, Staab JP, Stone J (2018) Persistent postural\u2013perceptual dizziness (PPPD): a common, characteristic and treatable cause of chronic dizziness. Pract Neurol 18:5\u201313","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.6.1515","volume":"46","author":"T Brandt","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brandt T (1996) Phobic postural vertigo. Neurology 46:1515\u20131519","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9255_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(01)00163-1","volume":"15","author":"SG Brauer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brauer SG, Woollacott M, Shumway-Cook A (2002) The influence of a concurrent cognitive task on the compensatory stepping response to a perturbation in balance-impaired and healthy elders. Gait Posture 15:83\u201393","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"9255_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2017-001817","volume":"18","author":"BM Seemungal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seemungal BM, Passamonti L (2018) Persistent postural\u2013perceptual dizziness: a useful new syndrome. Pract Neurol 18:3\u20134","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(00)01008-9","volume":"285","author":"V Querner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Querner V, Krafczyk S, Dieterich M, Brandt T (2000) Patients with somatoform phobic postural vertigo: the more difficult the balance task, the better the balance performance. Neurosci Lett 285:21\u201324","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"9255_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003516","volume":"88","author":"M Wuehr","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wuehr M, Brandt T, Schniepp R (2017) Distracting attention in phobic postural vertigo normalizes leg muscle activity and balance. Neurology 88:284\u2013288","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9255_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.03.020","volume":"454","author":"F Tjernstrom","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tjernstrom F, Fransson PA, Holmberg J, Karlberg M, Magnusson M (2009) Decreased postural adaptation in patients with phobic postural vertigo\u2014an effect of an \u201canxious\u201d control of posture? Neurosci Lett 454:198\u2013202","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"9255_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210100681","volume":"138","author":"MG Carpenter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Carpenter MG, Frank JS, Silcher CP, Peysar GW (2001) The influence of postural threat on the control of upright stance. Exp Brain Res 138:210\u2013218","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"9255_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-001-0955-y","volume":"143","author":"V Querner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Querner V, Krafczyk S, Dieterich M, Brandt T (2002) Phobic postural vertigo. Body sway during visually induced roll vection. Exp Brain Res 143:269\u2013275","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"9255_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00334","volume":"9","author":"I Indovina","year":"2015","unstructured":"Indovina I, Riccelli R, Chiarella G, Petrolo C, Augimeri A, Giofre L, Lacquaniti F, Staab JP, Passamonti L (2015) Role of the insula and vestibular system in patients with chronic subjective dizziness: an fMRI study using sound-evoked vestibular stimulation. Front Behav Neurosci 9:334","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"9255_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24080","volume":"39","author":"JO Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee JO, Lee ES, Kim JS, Lee YB, Jeong Y, Choi BS, Kim JH, Staab JP (2018) Altered brain function in persistent postural perceptual dizziness: a study on resting state functional connectivity. Hum Brain Mapp 39:3340\u20133353","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"9255_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00529","volume":"8","author":"R Riccelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Riccelli R, Passamonti L, Toschi N, Nigro S, Chiarella G, Petrolo C, Lacquaniti F, Staab JP, Indovina I (2017) Altered insular and occipital responses to simulated vertical self-motion in patients with persistent postural\u2013perceptual dizziness. Front Neurol 8:529","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105426","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105426","volume":"9","author":"S Cousins","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cousins S, Cutfield NJ, Kaski D, Palla A, Seemungal BM, Golding JF, Staab JP, Bronstein AM (2014) Visual dependency and dizziness after vestibular neuritis. PLoS One 9:e105426","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"9255_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.386","volume":"4","author":"S Cousins","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cousins S, Kaski D, Cutfield N, Arshad Q, Ahmad H, Gresty MA, Seemungal BM, Golding J, Bronstein AM (2017) Predictors of clinical recovery from vestibular neuritis: a prospective study. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 4:340\u2013346","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.10.007","volume":"20","author":"RE Roberts","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roberts RE, Ahmad H, Patel M, Dima D, Ibitoye R, Sharif M, Leech R, Arshad Q, Bronstein AM (2018) An fMRI study of visuo-vestibular interactions following vestibular neuritis. Neuroimage Clin 20:1010\u20131017","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"9255_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229788","volume":"95","author":"JJ Collins","year":"1993","unstructured":"Collins JJ, De Luca CJ (1993) Open-loop and closed-loop control of posture: a random-walk analysis of center-of-pressure trajectories. Exp Brain Res 95:308\u2013318","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"9255_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6797-7","volume":"260","author":"M Wuehr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wuehr M, Pradhan C, Novozhilov S, Krafczyk S, Brandt T, Jahn K, Schniepp R (2013) Inadequate interaction between open- and closed-loop postural control in phobic postural vertigo. J Neurol 260:1314\u20131323","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23152","volume":"37","author":"M Gottlich","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gottlich M, Jandl NM, Sprenger A, Wojak JF, Munte TF, Kramer UM, Helmchen C (2016) Hippocampal gray matter volume in bilateral vestibular failure. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1998\u20132006","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"9255_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00051","volume":"8","author":"C Helmchen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Helmchen C, Knauss J, Trillenberg P, Frendl A, Sprenger A (2017) Role of the patient\u2019s history of vestibular symptoms in the clinical evaluation of the bedside head-impulse test. Front Neurol 8:51","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7276-0","volume":"261","author":"A Sprenger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sprenger A, Wojak JF, Jandl NM, Hertel S, Helmchen C (2014) Predictive mechanisms improve the vestibulo-ocular reflex in patients with bilateral vestibular failure. J Neurol 261:628\u2013631","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-013-3824-6","volume":"84","author":"B Machner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Machner B, Sprenger A, Fullgraf H, Trillenberg P, Helmchen C (2013) [Video-based head impulse test. Importance for routine diagnostics of patients with vertigo]. Nervenarzt 84:975\u2013983","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"9255_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410330311","volume":"33","author":"M Dieterich","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dieterich M, Brandt T (1993) Ocular torsion and tilt of subjective visual vertical are sensitive brainstem signs. Ann Neurol 33:292\u2013299","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8446-7","volume":"264","author":"A Sprenger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sprenger A, Steinhaus S, Helmchen C (2017) Postural control during recall of vestibular sensation in patients with functional dizziness and unilateral vestibulopathy. J Neurol 264:42\u201344","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00444","volume":"8","author":"A Sprenger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sprenger A, Wojak JF, Jandl NM, Helmchen C (2017) Postural control in bilateral vestibular failure: its relation to visual, proprioceptive, vestibular, and cognitive input. Front Neurol 8:444","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.04.022","volume":"117","author":"S Krafczyk","year":"2006","unstructured":"Krafczyk S, Tietze S, Swoboda W, Valkovic P, Brandt T (2006) Artificial neural network: a new diagnostic posturographic tool for disorders of stance. Clin Neurophysiol 117:1692\u20131698","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.12.007","volume":"42","author":"F Tjernstrom","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tjernstrom F, Bjorklund M, Malmstrom EM (2015) Romberg ratio in quiet stance posturography\u2014test to retest reliability. Gait Posture 42:27\u201331","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9255_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8446-7","volume":"264","author":"A Sprenger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sprenger A, Steinhaus S, Helmchen C (2017) Postural control during recall of vestibular sensation in patients with functional dizziness and unilateral vestibulopathy. J Neurol 264(Suppl 1):42\u201344","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-007-0905-4","volume":"181","author":"SF Donker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Donker SF, Roerdink M, Greven AJ, Beek PJ (2007) Regularity of center-of-pressure trajectories depends on the amount of attention invested in postural control. Exp Brain Res 181:1\u201311","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"9255_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0168808","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168808","volume":"12","author":"C Helmchen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Helmchen C, Kirchhoff J-B, G\u00f6ttlich M, Sprenger A (2017) Postural ataxia in cerebellar downbeat nystagmus: its relation to visual, proprioceptive and vestibular signals and cerebellar atrophy. PLoS ONE 12(1):e0168808","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"9255_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2003.11.006","volume":"21","author":"JA Raymakers","year":"2005","unstructured":"Raymakers JA, Samson MM, Verhaar HJ (2005) The assessment of body sway and the choice of the stability parameter(s). Gait Posture 21:48\u201358","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"9255_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.29.1766","volume":"29","author":"M Ghofrani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghofrani M, Olyaei G, Talebian S, Bagheri H, Malmir K (2017) Test-retest reliability of linear and nonlinear measures of postural stability during visual deprivation in healthy subjects. J Phys Ther Sci 29:1766\u20131771","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"9255_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-4-12","volume":"4","author":"H Amoud","year":"2007","unstructured":"Amoud H, Abadi M, Hewson DJ, Michel-Pellegrino V, Doussot M, Duchene J (2007) Fractal time series analysis of postural stability in elderly and control subjects. J Neuroeng Rehabil 4:12","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"9255_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A (2007) G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 39:175\u2013191","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"9255_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2012.742565","volume":"133","author":"C Fujimoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fujimoto C, Murofushi T, Chihara Y, Ushio M, Suzuki M, Yamaguchi T, Yamasoba T, Iwasaki S (2013) Effect of severity of vestibular dysfunction on postural instability in idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy. Acta Otolaryngol 133:454\u2013461","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"9255_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200401000-00011","volume":"25","author":"WH Paloski","year":"2004","unstructured":"Paloski WH, Black FO, Metter EJ (2004) Postflight balance control recovery in an elderly astronaut: a case report. Otol Neurotol 25:53\u201356","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"9255_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00241972","volume":"103","author":"JJ Collins","year":"1995","unstructured":"Collins JJ, De Luca CJ (1995) The effects of visual input on open-loop and closed-loop postural control mechanisms. Exp Brain Res 103:151\u2013163","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"9255_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2013.00115","volume":"4","author":"R Schniepp","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schniepp R, Wuehr M, Pradhan C, Novozhilov S, Krafczyk S, Brandt T, Jahn K (2013) Nonlinear variability of body sway in patients with phobic postural vertigo. Front Neurol 4:115","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5110-x","volume":"256","author":"J Holmberg","year":"2009","unstructured":"Holmberg J, Tjernstrom F, Karlberg M, Fransson PA, Magnusson M (2009) Reduced postural differences between phobic postural vertigo patients and healthy subjects during a postural threat. J Neurol 256:1258\u20131262","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000070191.28954.a5","volume":"14","author":"J Holmberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Holmberg J, Karlberg M, Fransson PA, Magnusson M (2003) Phobic postural vertigo: body sway during vibratory proprioceptive stimulation. Neuroreport 14:1007\u20131011","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"9255_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00712.2016","volume":"117","author":"SB Lim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lim SB, Cleworth TW, Horslen BC, Blouin JS, Inglis JT, Carpenter MG (2017) Postural threat influences vestibular-evoked muscular responses. J Neurophysiol 117:604\u2013611","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200407000-00025","volume":"25","author":"FO Black","year":"2004","unstructured":"Black FO, Pesznecker S, Stallings V (2004) Permanent gentamicin vestibulotoxicity. Otol Neurotol 25:559\u2013569","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"9255_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000335971.43443.d9","volume":"71","author":"ST Aw","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aw ST, Todd MJ, Aw GE, Weber KP, Halmagyi GM (2008) Gentamicin vestibulotoxicity impairs human electrically evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex. Neurology 71:1776\u20131782","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9255_CR71","first-page":"201","volume":"11","author":"J-J Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim J-J, Lee AR, Won Y (2011) Analysis on effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation on postural stability using 3D motion analysis. Appl Math Comput Eng 11:201\u20132016","journal-title":"Appl Math Comput Eng"},{"key":"9255_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.10.007","volume":"11","author":"Y Inukai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Inukai Y, Otsuru N, Masaki M, Saito K, Miyaguchi S, Kojima S, Onishi H (2018) Effect of noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation on center of pressure sway of static standing posture. Brain Stimul 11:85\u201393","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"9255_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8481-4","volume":"264","author":"M Wuehr","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wuehr M, Decker J, Schniepp R (2017) Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation: an emerging treatment option for bilateral vestibulopathy. J Neurol 264:81\u201386","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9255_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8814-y","volume":"265","author":"R Schniepp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schniepp R, Boerner JC, Decker J, Jahn K, Brandt T, Wuehr M (2018) Noisy vestibular stimulation improves vestibulospinal function in patients with bilateral vestibulopathy. J Neurol. 265(Suppl 1):57\u201362","journal-title":"J Neurol."},{"key":"9255_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0950-3","volume":"255","author":"W Pan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pan W, Soma R, Kwak S, Yamamoto Y (2008) Improvement of motor functions by noisy vestibular stimulation in central neurodegenerative disorders. J Neurol 255:1657\u20131661","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9255_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002748","volume":"86","author":"M Wuehr","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wuehr M, Nusser E, Decker J, Krafczyk S, Straube A, Brandt T, Jahn K, Schniepp R (2016) Noisy vestibular stimulation improves dynamic walking stability in bilateral vestibulopathy. Neurology 86:2196\u20132202","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9255_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00669.2013","volume":"111","author":"L Asslander","year":"2014","unstructured":"Asslander L, Peterka RJ (2014) Sensory reweighting dynamics in human postural control. J Neurophysiol 111:1852\u20131864","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00516.2003","volume":"91","author":"RJ Peterka","year":"2004","unstructured":"Peterka RJ, Loughlin PJ (2004) Dynamic regulation of sensorimotor integration in human postural control. J Neurophysiol 91:410\u2013423","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"9255_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948909801109","volume":"98","author":"FO Black","year":"1989","unstructured":"Black FO, Shupert CL, Peterka RJ, Nashner LM (1989) Effects of unilateral loss of vestibular function on the vestibulo-ocular reflex and postural control. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 98:884\u2013889","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"9255_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e112131","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112131","volume":"9","author":"V Dilda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dilda V, Morris TR, Yungher DA, MacDougall HG, Moore ST (2014) Central adaptation to repeated galvanic vestibular stimulation: implications for pre-flight astronaut training. PLoS One 9:e112131","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09255-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09255-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09255-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T00:05:13Z","timestamp":1582675513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09255-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["9255"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09255-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 December 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2019","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The study has been approved by the University Ethics Committee and has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}