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MOG-EM is associated with a broader clinical phenotype including optic neuritis, myelitis, brainstem lesions and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with a substantial clinical and radiological overlap to other demyelinating CNS disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate common clinical, MRI and CSF findings, as well as therapy responses in patients with longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) as initial clinical presentation of MOG-EM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After excluding patients with a known diagnosis of MS, we identified 153 patients with myelitis of which 7 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were investigated for MRI, CSF and clinical parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with LETM as first clinical presentation of MOG-EM display similar characteristics, namely a lack of gadolinium-enhancement in spinal cord MRI, marked pleocytosis, negative oligoclonal bands, a previous history of infections\/vaccinations and response to antibody-depleting treatments for acute attacks and long-term treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identify common pathological findings in patients with LETM as first clinical presentation of MOG-EM which distinguishes it from other forms of LETM and should lead to testing for MOG-IgG in these cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09755-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T10:03:22Z","timestamp":1581588202000},"page":"1632-1642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["MOG encephalomyelitis: distinct clinical, MRI and CSF features in patients with longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis as first clinical presentation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"267","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Loos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Pfeuffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Ruck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Luessi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Spreer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frauke","family":"Zipp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven G.","family":"Meuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2179-3655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"9755_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0112-x","volume":"15","author":"M Reindl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reindl M, Waters P (2019) Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in neurological disease. 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SP has received travel reimbursements or honoraria for lecturing from Sanofi Genzyme, Merck Serono, Biogen and Mylan and receives financial research support from DIAMED. AS has received speaker honoraria from Virion-Serion and labopart. FL received consultancy fees from Roche and support with travel cost from Teva Pharma. SGM receives honoraria for lecturing, and travel expenses for attending meetings from Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Bayer Health Care, Biogen, Celgene, Diamed, Genzyme, MedDay Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, ONO Pharma, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Chugai Pharma, QuintilesIMS and Teva. His research is funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Foundation, German Academic Exchange Service, Hertie Foundation, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Studies (IZKF) Muenster, German Foundation Neurology and Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Biogen, Diamed, Fresenius Medical Care, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, ONO Pharma, Roche, and Teva. FZ has received research support and\/or honoraria from Genzyme, Merck Serono, Roche, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, Celgene, ONO and Octapharma. SB has received honoraria and compensation for travel from Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme and Roche. TR received travel expenses and financial research support from Genzyme and Novartis and received honoraria for lecturing from Roche, Merck, Genzyme, Biogen, and Teva. KP reports no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the local ethical committees and performed according to the Helsinki Declaration.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All patients provided written informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}