{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:48:41Z","timestamp":1785426521716,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Parkinson's UK","award":["J-0802"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J-0802"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pain is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), affecting up to 85% of patients. The frequency and stability of pain over time has not been extensively studied. There is a paucity of high-quality studies investigating pain management in PD. To develop interventions, an understanding of how pain changes over the disease course is required.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>One hundred and fifty-four participants with early PD and 99 age-and-sex-matched controls were recruited as part of a longitudinal study (Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Cohorts with Longitudinal Evaluation in PD, ICICLE-PD). Pain data were collected at 18-month intervals over 72\u00a0months in both groups using the Nonmotor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQ), consisting of a binary yes\/no response. Two questions from the Parkinson\u2019s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were analysed for the PD group only.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Unexplained pain was common in the PD group and occurred more frequently than in age-matched controls. \u2018Aches and pains\u2019 occurred more frequently than \u2018cramps and muscle spasms\u2019 at each time point (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) except 54\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study shows that pain is prevalent even in the early stages of PD, yet the frequency and type of pain fluctuates as symptoms progress. People with PD should be asked about their pain at clinical consultations and given support with describing pain given the different ways this can present.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10586-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T10:03:06Z","timestamp":1621072986000},"page":"4759-4767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Trajectories of pain over 6\u00a0years in early Parkinson\u2019s disease: ICICLE-PD"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"268","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8050-7669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Naisby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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