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The HIV-Dementia Scale (HDS), a screening tool originally created for detecting cognitive impairment due to subcortical damage in HIV\u2009+\u2009patients, has proved to be useful in other neurological diseases. Until now, an Italian version of the HDS is not available. We aimed at: (1) validating the HDS Italian version (HDS-IT) in a cohort of cognitively healthy subjects (CN); (2) exploring the suitability of HDS-IT in detecting cognitive impairment due to subcortical damage (<jats:italic>sc<\/jats:italic>CI). The psychometric properties of the HDS-IT were assessed in 180 CN (mean age 67.6\u2009\u00b1\u20098.3, range 41\u201384) with regard to item-total correlation, test\u2013retest reliability and convergent validity with MMSE. Item-total correlations ranged 0.44\u20130.72. Test\u2013retest reliability was 0.70 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The HDS-IT scores were positively associated with MMSE score (rS\u2009=\u20090.49, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Then, both the HDS-IT and the MMSE were administered to 44 <jats:italic>sc<\/jats:italic>CI subjects (mean age 64.9\u2009\u00b1\u200910.6, range 41\u201384). Mean HDS-IT total score was close to the original version and significantly lower in the <jats:italic>sc<\/jats:italic>CI group compared to CN (8.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.6 vs. 12.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). ROC analysis yielded an optimal cutoff value of 11, with sensitivity of 0.70 and specificity of 0.82. Patients showed poorer scores on HDS-IT compared to CN (12.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5 vs. 8.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.6, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Our results support the use of HDS-IT as a screening tool suitable for detecting cognitive deficits with prevalent subcortical pattern, being complementary to MMSE in clinical practice.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10592-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T15:02:31Z","timestamp":1621090951000},"page":"4789-4795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["HIV-Dementia Scale as a screening tool for the detection of subcortical cognitive deficits: validation of the Italian version"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"268","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Montanucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Chipi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Salvadori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Eusebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Parnetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10592_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x","volume":"256","author":"RC Petersen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Petersen RC (2004) Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. 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