{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:01:31Z","timestamp":1790787691237,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629590400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR-CS-011-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR-CS-011-028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR-CS-2013-13-029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR-CS-2013-13-029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/K015184\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/K015184\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["104612\/Z\/14\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["104612\/Z\/14\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000282","name":"Sir Jules Thorn Charitable Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Award for Biomedical Science"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Award for Biomedical Science"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000282","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Obesity is a risk factor for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). We aimed to determine the prevalence of OSA in IIH and evaluate the diagnostic performance of OSA screening tools in IIH. Additionally, we evaluated the relationship between weight loss, OSA and IIH over 12\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A sub-study of a multi-centre, randomised controlled parallel group trial comparing the impact of bariatric surgery vs. community weight management intervention (CWI) on IIH-related outcomes over 12\u00a0months (IIH:WT). OSA was assessed using home-based polygraphy (ApneaLink Air, ResMed) at baseline and 12\u00a0months. OSA was defined as an apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index (AHI)\u2009\u2265\u200915 or\u2009\u2265\u20095 with excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale \u226511 ).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of the 66 women in the IIH: WT trial, 46 were included in the OSA sub-study. OSA prevalence was 47% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919). The STOP-BANG had the highest sensitivity (84%) compared to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (69%) and Berlin (68%) to detect OSA. Bariatric surgery resulted in greater reductions in AHI vs. CWI (median [95%CI] AHI reduction of \u2009\u2013\u20092.8 [\u2009\u2013\u200911.9, 0.7], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017). Over 12\u00a0months there was a positive association between changes in papilloedema and AHI (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.543, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045), despite adjustment for changes in the body mass index (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.522, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>OSA is common in IIH and the STOP-BANG questionnaire was the most sensitive screening tool. Bariatric surgery improved OSA in patients with IIH. The improvement in AHI was associated with improvement in papilloedema independent of weight loss. Whether OSA treatment has beneficial impact on papilloedema warrants further evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>IIH: WT is registered as ISRCTN40152829 and on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02124486 (28\/04\/2014).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T09:02:25Z","timestamp":1629622945000},"page":"1945-1956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Obstructive sleep apnoea in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a sub-study of the idiopathic intracranial hypertension weight randomised controlled trial (IIH: WT)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"269","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct02124486","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8905-5734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Yiangou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Nicholls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Jeat","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6843-5532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivek","family":"Vijay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1016-5207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"Wakerley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5794-748X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gareth G.","family":"Lavery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9037-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abd A.","family":"Tahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6314-4437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan P.","family":"Mollan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2777-5132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra J.","family":"Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10700_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0919-2","volume":"19","author":"J Hoffmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hoffmann J, Mollan SP, Paemeleire K, Lampl C, Jensen RH, Sinclair AJ (2018) European headache federation guideline on idiopathic intracranial hypertension. J Headache Pain 19(1):93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-018-0919-2","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10700_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000690","volume":"32","author":"JL Mitchell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mitchell JL, Mollan SP, Vijay V, Sinclair AJ (2019) Novel advances in monitoring and therapeutic approaches in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Curr Opin Neurol 32(3):422\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000690","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10700_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2020-0232","volume":"20","author":"BR Wakerley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wakerley BR, Mollan SP, Sinclair AJ (2020) Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: Update on diagnosis and management. Clin Med (Lond) 20(4):384\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7861\/clinmed.2020-0232","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"10700_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10090-4","author":"O Grech","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grech O, Mollan SP, Wakerley BR, Alimajstorovic Z, Lavery GG, Sinclair AJ (2020) Emerging themes in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. J Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-020-10090-4","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10700_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1812","volume":"76","author":"NJ Adderley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Adderley NJ, Subramanian A, Nirantharakumar K, Yiangou A, Gokhale KM, Mollan SP et al (2019) Association between idiopathic intracranial hypertension and risk of cardiovascular diseases in women in the United Kingdom. JAMA Neurol 76(9):1088\u20131098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1812","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10700_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.3390\/life11050417","volume":"11","author":"SP Mollan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mollan SP, Mytton J, Tsermoulas G, Sinclair AJ (2021) Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: evaluation of admissions and emergency readmissions through the hospital episode statistic dataset between 2002\u20132020. Life 11(5):417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life11050417","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"10700_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101307010026","volume":"7","author":"J Best","year":"2013","unstructured":"Best J, Silvestri G, Burton B, Foot B, Acheson J (2013) The Incidence of blindness due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the UK. Open Ophthalmol J 7:26\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874364101307010026","journal-title":"Open Ophthalmol J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10700_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-311302","volume":"87","author":"SP Mollan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mollan SP, Ali F, Hassan-Smith G, Botfield H, Friedman DI, Sinclair AJ (2016) Evolving evidence in adult idiopathic intracranial hypertension: pathophysiology and management. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 87(9):982\u2013992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2015-311302","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10700_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/wco.0000000000000651","volume":"32","author":"SP Mollan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mollan SP, Hoffmann J, Sinclair AJ (2019) Advances in the understanding of headache in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Curr Opin Neurol 32(1):92\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/wco.0000000000000651","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10700_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285616635987","volume":"9","author":"RH Jensen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jensen RH, Radojicic A, Yri H (2016) The diagnosis and management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and the associated headache. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 9(4):317\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1756285616635987","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"10700_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-015-0521-9","volume":"16","author":"Y Mulla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mulla Y, Markey KA, Woolley RL, Patel S, Mollan SP, Sinclair AJ (2015) Headache determines quality of life in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. J Headache Pain 16:521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-015-0521-9","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10700_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-200106000-00014","volume":"21","author":"DM Marcus","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marcus DM, Lynn J, Miller JJ, Chaudhary O, Thomas D, Chaudhary B (2001) Sleep disorders: a risk factor for pseudotumor cerebri? J Neuroophthalmol 21(2):121\u2013123","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10700_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(01)00987-3","volume":"109","author":"AG Lee","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lee AG, Golnik K, Kardon R, Wall M, Eggenberger E, Yedavally S (2002) Sleep apnea and intracranial hypertension in men. Ophthalmology 109(3):482\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0161-6420(01)00987-3","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10700_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.12.1626","volume":"118","author":"VA Purvin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Purvin VA, Kawasaki A, Yee RD (2000) Papilledema and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 118(12):1626\u20131630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.118.12.1626","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10700_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-6858-6","volume":"260","author":"MJ Thurtell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thurtell MJ, Trotti LM, Bixler EO, Rye DB, Bliwise DL, Newman NJ et al (2013) Obstructive sleep apnea in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: comparison with matched population data. J Neurol 260(7):1748\u20131751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-013-6858-6","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10700_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199304293281704","volume":"328","author":"T Young","year":"1993","unstructured":"Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J, Weber S, Badr S (1993) The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 328(17):1230\u20131235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejm199304293281704","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10700_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0862-2","volume":"23","author":"K Sarkhosh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sarkhosh K, Switzer NJ, El-Hadi M, Birch DW, Shi X, Karmali S (2013) The impact of Bariatric surgery on obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review. Obes Surg 23(3):414\u2013423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11695-012-0862-2","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"10700_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2701","volume":"341","author":"AJ Sinclair","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sinclair AJ, Burdon MA, Nightingale PG, Ball AK, Good P, Matthews TD et al (2010) Low energy diet and intracranial pressure in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: prospective cohort study. BMJ 341:c2701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.c2701","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10700_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.0659","author":"SP Mollan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mollan SP, Mitchell JL, Ottridge RS, Aguiar M, Yiangou A, Alimajstorovic Z et al (2021) Effectiveness of Bariatric surgery vs community weight management intervention for the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.0659","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10700_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-2116","volume":"43","author":"NJ Adderley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adderley NJ, Subramanian A, Toulis K, Gokhale K, Taverner T, Hanif W et al (2020) Obstructive sleep apnea, a risk factor for cardiovascular and microvascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: findings from a population-based cohort study. Diabetes Care 43(8):1868\u20131877. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc19-2116","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10700_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017426","volume":"7","author":"R Ottridge","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ottridge R, Mollan SP, Botfield H, Frew E, Ives NJ, Matthews T et al (2017) Randomised controlled trial of Bariatric surgery versus a community weight loss programme for the sustained treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: the Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Weight Trial (IIH:WT) protocol. BMJ Open 7(9):e017426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017426","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"13","key":"10700_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a55f17","volume":"81","author":"DI Friedman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Friedman DI, Liu GT, Digre KB (2013) Revised diagnostic criteria for the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome in adults and children. Neurology 81(13):1159\u20131165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a55f17","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10700_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.4242","volume":"138","author":"V Vijay","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vijay V, Mollan SP, Mitchell JL, Bilton E, Alimajstorovic Z, Markey KA et al (2020) Using optical coherence tomography as a surrogate of measurements of intracranial pressure in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. JAMA Ophthalmol 138(12):1264\u20131271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.4242","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10700_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.45.1.13","volume":"45","author":"L Fris\u00e9n","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fris\u00e9n L (1982) Swelling of the optic nerve head: a staging scheme. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 45(1):13\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.45.1.13","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10700_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-7-199910050-00002","volume":"131","author":"NC Netzer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Netzer NC, Stoohs RA, Netzer CM, Clark K, Strohl KP (1999) Using the Berlin Questionnaire to identify patients at risk for the sleep apnea syndrome. Ann Intern Med 131(7):485\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-131-7-199910050-00002","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10700_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","volume":"14","author":"MW Johns","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johns MW (1991) A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep 14(6):540\u2013545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10700_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31816d83e4","volume":"108","author":"F Chung","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chung F, Yegneswaran B, Liao P, Chung Sharon A, Vairavanathan S, Islam S et al (2008) STOP Questionnaire: a tool to screen patients for obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiology 108(5):812\u2013821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31816d83e4","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10700_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2172","volume":"8","author":"RB Berry","year":"2012","unstructured":"Berry RB, Budhiraja R, Gottlieb DJ, Gozal D, Iber C, Kapur VK et al (2012) Rules for scoring respiratory events in sleep: update of the 2007 AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events. Deliberations of the Sleep Apnea Definitions Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. J Clin Sleep Med 8(5):597\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.2172","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10700_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6506","volume":"13","author":"VK Kapur","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kapur VK, Auckley DH, Chowdhuri S, Kuhlmann DC, Mehra R, Ramar K et al (2017) Clinical practice guideline for diagnostic testing for adult obstructive sleep apnea: An American academy of sleep medicine clinical practice guideline. J Clin Sleep Med 13(3):479\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.6506","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10700_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.07.002","volume":"34","author":"CV Senaratna","year":"2017","unstructured":"Senaratna CV, Perret JL, Lodge CJ, Lowe AJ, Campbell BE, Matheson MC et al (2017) Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the general population: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 34:70\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.07.002","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10700_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.10.005","volume":"11","author":"S Tufik","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tufik S, Santos-Silva R, Taddei JA, Bittencourt LR (2010) Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the Sao Paulo Epidemiologic Sleep Study. Sleep Med 11(5):441\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.10.005","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"10700_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.3.9911064","volume":"163","author":"EO Bixler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Ten Have T, Rein J, Vela-Bueno A et al (2001) Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in women: effects of gender. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 163(3 Pt 1):608\u2013613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.163.3.9911064","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10700_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764837","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1764837","volume":"2016","author":"A Wimms","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wimms A, Woehrle H, Ketheeswaran S, Ramanan D, Armitstead J (2016) Obstructive sleep apnea in women: specific issues and interventions. Biomed Res Int 2016:1764837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/1764837","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10700_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e318290194f","volume":"33","author":"CL Fraser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fraser CL, Bliwise DL, Newman NJ, Lamirel C, Collop NA, Rye DB et al (2013) A prospective photographic study of the ocular fundus in obstructive sleep apnea. J Neuroophthalmol 33(3):241\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WNO.0b013e318290194f","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10700_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.01.006","volume":"149","author":"T Shiba","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shiba T, Maeno T, Saishin Y, Hori Y, Takahashi M (2010) Nocturnal intermittent serious hypoxia and reoxygenation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy cases. Am J Ophthalmol 149(6):959\u2013963. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.01.006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10700_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.120.5.601","volume":"120","author":"DS Mojon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mojon DS, Hedges TR III, Ehrenberg B, Karam EZ, Goldblum D, Abou-Chebl A et al (2002) Association between sleep apnea syndrome and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Arch Ophthalmol 120(5):601\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.120.5.601","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10700_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.15.1765","volume":"159","author":"NK Loh","year":"1999","unstructured":"Loh NK, Dinner DS, Foldvary N, Skobieranda F, Yew WW (1999) Do patients with obstructive sleep apnea wake up with headaches? Arch Intern Med 159(15):1765\u20131768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.159.15.1765","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10700_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.10.004","volume":"36","author":"HY Chiu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chiu HY, Chen PY, Chuang LP, Chen NH, Tu YK, Hsieh YJ et al (2017) Diagnostic accuracy of the Berlin questionnaire, STOP-BANG, STOP, and Epworth sleepiness scale in detecting obstructive sleep apnea: A bivariate meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 36:57\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.10.004","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10700_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life11050409","author":"M Aguiar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aguiar M, Frew E, Mollan SP, Mitchell JL, Ottridge RS, Alimajstorovic Z et al (2021) The health economic evaluation of Bariatric surgery versus a community weight management intervention analysis from the idiopathic intracranial hypertension weight trial (IIH:WT). Life (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life11050409","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"10700_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2021.03.020","author":"L Elliot","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elliot L, Frew E, Mollan SP, Mitchell JL, Yiangou A, Alimajstorovic Z et al (2021) Cost-effectiveness of Bariatric surgery versus community weight management to treat obesity-related idiopathic intracranial hypertension: evidence from a single-payer healthcare system. Surg Obes Relat Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.soard.2021.03.020","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10700_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.2.279","volume":"95","author":"P Jennum","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jennum P, B\u00f8rgesen SE (1989) Intracranial pressure and obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 95(2):279\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.95.2.279","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10700_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.10.012","volume":"185","author":"D Baronio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baronio D, Martinez D, Fiori CZ, Bambini-Junior V, Forgiarini LF, Pase da Rosa D et al (2013) Altered aquaporins in the brains of mice submitted to intermittent hypoxia model of sleep apnea. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 185(2):217\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2012.10.012","journal-title":"Respir Physiol Neurobiol"},{"key":"10700_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.08.044","volume":"1179","author":"SJ Fung","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fung SJ, Xi MC, Zhang JH, Sampogna S, Yamuy J, Morales FR et al (2007) Apnea promotes glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in hippocampal neurons. Brain Res 1179:42\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.08.044","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10700_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2012.12.003","volume":"18","author":"DC Lim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lim DC, Pack AI (2014) Obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive impairment: addressing the blood-brain barrier. Sleep Med Rev 18(1):35\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smrv.2012.12.003","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10700_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-015-0063-6","volume":"15","author":"A Abdeyrim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdeyrim A, Zhang Y, Li N, Zhao M, Wang Y, Yao X et al (2015) Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on lung volumes and mechanical properties of the respiratory system in overweight and obese individuals. BMC Pulm Med 15:76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-015-0063-6","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10700_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12291","volume":"54","author":"BE McGeeney","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGeeney BE, Friedman DI (2014) Pseudotumor cerebri pathophysiology. Headache 54(3):445\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.12291","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"6","key":"10700_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.10.011","volume":"83","author":"DE Wardly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wardly DE (2014) Intracranial hypertension associated with obstructive sleep apnea: a discussion of potential etiologic factors. Med Hypotheses 83(6):792\u2013797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.10.011","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T16:09:29Z","timestamp":1647965369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 June 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 August 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Nicholls, Chong, Vijay, Lavery have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. Yiangou reports receiving speaker fees from Teva, UK outside the submitted work. Mitchell reports receiving grants from the National Institute of Health Research during the conduct of the study and grants from the UK Ministry of Defence outside the submitted work. Wakerley reports receiving consultancy fees from Invex Therapeutics outside the submitted work. Lavery reports receiving funding through a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellowship during the conduct of the study. Mollan reports receiving personal fees from Allergan, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Heidelberg Engineering, Invex Therapeutics, Neurodiem, Novartis, Roche, Santen Pharmaceutical, Scope Ophthalmics and Santhera Pharmaceuticals outside the submitted work. Tahrani reports grants, personal fees, and travel support from Sanofi, grants, personal fees and educational events grants from Novo Nordisk, travel support from Merck Sharp and Dohme, personal fees and travel support from Boehringer Ingelheim, personal fees from Lilly, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Janssen, equipment and travel support from ResMed, equipment from Philips Resporinics, Impeto Medical, and ANSAR Medical Technologies, grants and non-financial support from Napp, and equipment and support staff from BHR Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Tahrani is currently an employee of Novo Nordisk. This work was performed before Tahrani becoming a Novo Nordisk employee and Novo Nordisk had no role in this study. Sinclair reports receiving personal fees (salary and stock options) from Invex therapeutics, during the conduct of the study but outside the submitted work; and receiving grants from the Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom and funding through a Sir Jules Thorn Award for Biomedical Science during the conduct of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The National Research Ethics Committee West Midlands \u2013\u00a0The Black Country approved IIH: WT (14\/WM\/0011). The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed written consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate and publish"}}]}}