{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:23:07Z","timestamp":1774560187745,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10784-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T16:02:33Z","timestamp":1630771353000},"page":"1107-1113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["COVID-19 manifestations in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a USA cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"269","author":[{"given":"Yaqian","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Surface","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda K.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Halpern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Vanegas-Arroyave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blair","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan P.","family":"Feeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberly T.","family":"Kwei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linn E.","family":"Katus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Han","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiral","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Waters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda M.","family":"Winfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Przedborski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"Fahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5717-4875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roy N.","family":"Alcalay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"10784_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16472","volume":"68","author":"Z Shahid","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shahid Z, Kalayanamitra R, McClafferty B, Kepko D, Ramgobin D, Patel R, Aggarwal CS, Vunnam R, Sahu N, Bhatt D, Jones K, Golamari R, Jain R (2020) COVID-19 and older adults: what we know. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:926\u2013929","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10784_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6915e3","volume":"69","author":"S Garg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garg S (2020) Hospitalization rates and characteristics of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019\u2014COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1\u201330, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 69:458\u2013464","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10784_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg068","volume":"157","author":"SK Van Den Eeden","year":"2003","unstructured":"Van Den Eeden SK, Tanner CM, Bernstein AL, Fross RD, Leimpeter A, Bloch DA, Nelson LM (2003) Incidence of Parkinson\u2019s disease: variation by age, gender, and race\/ethnicity. Am J Epidemiol 157:1015\u20131022","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10784_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28176","volume":"35","author":"A Fasano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fasano A, Cereda E, Barichella M, Cassani E, Ferri V, Zecchinelli AL, Pezzoli G (2020) COVID-19 in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients living in Lombardy, Italy. Mov Disord 35:1089\u20131093","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.08.012","volume":"78","author":"A Fasano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fasano A, Elia AE, Dallocchio C, Canesi M, Alimonti D, Sorbera C, Alonso-Canovas A, Pezzoli G (2020) Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Park Relat Disord 78:134\u2013137","journal-title":"Park Relat Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"10784_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2666","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10272-0","volume":"268","author":"R Sainz-Amo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sainz-Amo R, Baena-\u00c1lvarez B, Pare\u00e9s I, S\u00e1nchez-D\u00edez G, P\u00e9rez-Torre P, L\u00f3pez-Send\u00f3n JL, Fanjul-Arbos S, Monreal E, Corral-Corral I, Garc\u00eda-Barrag\u00e1n N, Mart\u00ednez-Castrillo JC, Fasano A, Alonso-C\u00e1novas A (2020) COVID-19 in Parkinson\u2019s disease: what holds the key? J Neurol 268(8):2666\u20132670","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10784_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28104","volume":"35","author":"A Antonini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Antonini A, Leta V, Teo J, Chaudhuri KR (2020) Outcome of Parkinson\u2019s disease patients affected by COVID-19. Mov Disord 35:905\u2013908","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28170","volume":"35","author":"R Cilia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cilia R, Bonvegna S, Straccia G, Andreasi NG, Elia AE, Romito LM, Devigili G, Cereda E, Eleopra R (2020) Effects of COVID-19 on Parkinson\u2019s disease clinical features: a community-based case-control study. Mov Disord 35:1287\u20131292","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.05.008","volume":"75","author":"E Hainque","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hainque E, Grabli D (2020) Rapid worsening in Parkinson\u2019s disease may hide COVID-19 infection. Park Relat Disord 75:126\u2013127","journal-title":"Park Relat Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102163","volume":"42","author":"K Rejdak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rejdak K, Grieb P (2020) Adamantanes might be protective from COVID-19 in patients with neurological diseases: multiple sclerosis, Parkinsonism and cognitive impairment. Mult Scler Relat Disord 42:102163","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28408","volume":"36","author":"L Vignatelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vignatelli L, Zenesini C, Belotti LMB, Baldin E, Bonavina G, Calandra-Buonaura G, Cortelli P, Descovich C, Fabbri G, Giannini G, Guarino M, Pantieri R, Samoggia G, Scaglione C, Trombetti S, D\u2019Alessandro R, Nonino F (2021) Risk of hospitalization and death for COVID-19 in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease or Parkinsonism. Mov Disord 36:1\u201310","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-020-00153-8","volume":"7","author":"MP Feeney","year":"2021","unstructured":"Feeney MP, Xu Y, Surface M, Shah H, Vanegas-Arroyave N, Chan AK, Delaney E, Przedborski S, Beck JC, Alcalay RN (2021) The impact of COVID-19 and social distancing on people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a survey study. NPJ Park Dis 7:10","journal-title":"NPJ Park Dis"},{"key":"10784_CR13","unstructured":"Toolkit P (2020) COVID-19 protocols. https:\/\/www.phenxtoolkit.org\/covid19\/source. Accessed 30 Sept 2020"},{"key":"10784_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127","volume":"77","author":"L Mao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, Hu Y, Chen S, He Q, Chang J, Hong C, Zhou Y, Wang D, Miao X, Li Y, Hu B (2020) Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol 77:683\u2013690","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10784_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","volume":"30","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Postuma RB, Berg D, Stern M, Poewe W, Olanow CW, Oertel W, Obeso J, Marek K, Litvan I, Lang AE, Halliday G, Goetz CG, Gasser T, Dubois B, Chan P, Bloem BR, Adler CH, Deuschl G (2015) MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 30:1591\u20131601","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23429","volume":"25","author":"CL Tomlinson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tomlinson CL, Stowe R, Patel S, Rick C, Gray R, Clarke CE (2010) Systematic review of levodopa dose equivalency reporting in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 25:2649\u20132653","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10784_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109755","volume":"140","author":"GEA Abreu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abreu GEA, Aguilar MEH, Covarrubias DH, Dur\u00e1n FR (2020) Amantadine as a drug to mitigate the effects of COVID-19. Med Hypotheses 140:109755","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"1","key":"10784_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26179","volume":"93","author":"GE Aranda-Abreu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aranda-Abreu GE, Aranda-Mart\u00ednez JD, Ara\u00fajo R (2021) Use of amantadine in a patient with SARS-CoV-2. J Med Virol 93(1):110\u2013111","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10784_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-020-00168-1","volume":"73","author":"GE Aranda-Abreu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aranda-Abreu GE, Aranda-Mart\u00ednez JD, Ara\u00fajo R, Hern\u00e1ndez-Aguilar ME, Herrera-Covarrubias D, Rojas-Dur\u00e1n F (2020) Observational study of people infected with SARS-Cov-2, treated with amantadine. Pharmacol Rep 73(6):1538\u20131541","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"key":"10784_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106004","volume":"55","author":"SP Smieszek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Smieszek SP, Przychodzen BP, Polymeropoulos MH (2020) Amantadine disrupts lysosomal gene expression: a hypothesis for COVID19 treatment. Int J Antimicrob Agents 55:106004","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"4","key":"10784_CR21","first-page":"1365","volume":"10","author":"EG Brown","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brown EG, Chahine LM, Goldman SM, Korell M, Mann E, Kinel DR, Arnedo V, Marek KL, Tanner CM (2020) The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Park Dis 10(4):1365\u20131377","journal-title":"J Park Dis"},{"key":"10784_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics5030054","volume":"5","author":"JA de Marcaida","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Marcaida JA, Lahrmann J, Machado D, Bluth L, Dagostine M, Moro-de Casillas M, Bortan E, Kanchana S, Alberts M (2020) Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients at a movement disorders center. Geriatrics (Basel) 5:54","journal-title":"Geriatrics (Basel)"},{"key":"10784_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204062232094942","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622320949423","volume":"11","author":"J Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li J, Long X, Zhu C, Wang R, Hu S, Wang T, Li J, Lin Z, Xiong N (2020) Management of a Parkinson\u2019s disease patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 11:2040622320949423","journal-title":"Ther Adv Chronic Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10784-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10784-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10784-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T07:31:31Z","timestamp":1645169491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10784-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10784-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 September 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The questionnaire and methodology for this study was approved by the Human Research Ethics committee of the Columbia University Irving Medical Center (Ethics approval number: AAAT1585, AAAT0369).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"A waiver of written documentation of consent was granted, and subjects were given a verbal presentation of the Information Sheet, followed by verbal confirmation of informed consent via telephone.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable. No identifying information was reported.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}