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Multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with failure of no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) 3.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At baseline 82% patients were treatment na\u00efve while 18.0% interferon-\u03b21b treated patients had stopped treatments for more than 1\u00a0year. After treatment, 79.0% patients achieved NEDA 3 at 12-month, mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) reduced significantly (0.79\u2009\u00b1\u20090.80 vs 0.16\u2009\u00b1\u20090.70; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and mean expanded disability status score (EDSS) remained stable (1.40\u2009\u00b1\u20091.67 vs 1.56\u2009\u00b1\u20091.88; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05)<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> Male sex (hazard ratio [HR] 1.856; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.118\u20133.082, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), baseline EDSS score\u2009\u2265\u20094 (HR 2.682; 95% CI 1.375\u20135.231, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), and frequent relapses before treatment (HR 3.056; 95% CI 1.737\u20135.377, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) were independent factors significantly associated with failure of NEDA 3. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were hair thinning, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation, and leukopenia, the latter two most commonly lead to teriflunomide discontinuation during the first 3\u00a0months. Persistence rates at 6, 12, and 24\u00a0months after teriflunomide initiation were 86.9%, 72.4%, and 52.8%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results support efficacy and tolerability of teriflunomide for treatment-na\u00efve RRMS patients in real-world practice. Female patients, patients with less relapses and less disability before treatment are most likely to benefit from teriflunomide treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11118-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T04:02:33Z","timestamp":1649649753000},"page":"4808-4816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Real-world outcomes of teriflunomide in relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"269","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hexiang","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dingding","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3618-8271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"11118_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13819","volume":"26","author":"R Dobson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dobson R, Giovannoni G (2019) Multiple sclerosis\u2014a review. 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Approval of our study was obtained from the ethics committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The Ethics approval number was ZS-1041. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All patients signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publication"}}]}}