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Information on abuse was acquired through self-completed questionnaires. We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We identified 106 women with MS at enrollment through linkage with national health registries. The reference group consisted of 77,278 women without MS. Twenty-seven women (26%) with MS reported any adult abuse compared to 15,491 women (20%) without MS, aOR 1.33 (0.85\u20132.09). Twenty-two (21%) women with MS reported systematic emotional abuse compared to 13% without MS, aOR 1.75 (1.08\u20132.83). Ten women (10%) with MS reported sexual abuse, compared to 6% without MS, aOR 1.72 (0.89\u20133.33). More women with MS reported rape as an adult, aOR 2.37 (1.02\u20135.49). Women with MS had higher risk of revictimization as adults, after childhood abuse, aOR 2.23 (1.22\u20134.10). The risk of abuse during pregnancy or 6\u00a0months preceding pregnancy was similar between the groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Women with MS had increased occurrence of systematic emotional abuse, rape, and revictimization as adults, compared to women without MS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11249-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T15:02:38Z","timestamp":1656860558000},"page":"5901-5909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Abuse and revictimization in adulthood in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study during pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"269","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5158-7636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karine","family":"Eid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ivind","family":"Torkildsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Aarseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth G.","family":"Celius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Cortese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trygve","family":"Holm\u00f8y","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akash","family":"Kapali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjell-Morten","family":"Myhr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilie F.","family":"Torkildsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stig","family":"Wergeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils Erik","family":"Gilhus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marte-Helene","family":"Bj\u00f8rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"11249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31824c2013","volume":"74","author":"C Spitzer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Spitzer C, Bouchain M, Winkler LY, Wingenfeld K, Gold SM, Grabe HJ, Barnow S, Otte C, Heesen C (2012) Childhood trauma in multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. 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Eid has received unrestricted research grant and speaker honoraria from Novartis. \u00d8. Torkildsen has received speaker honoraria from and served on scientific advisory boards for Biogen, Sanofi-Aventis, Merck and Novartis. J. Aarseth has no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. E. G. Celius has received honoraria for lecturing and advice from Biogen, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Janssen, Novartis, Merck, Roche and Sanofi, and her department has received grants from Novartis and Sanofi. M. Cortese has no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. T. Holm\u00f8y has received speaker honoraria from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Sanofi and has participated in clinical trials organized by Biogen, Merck, and Roche. A. Kapali has no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. K.M. Myhr has received unrestricted research grants to his institution; scientific advisory board and speaker honoraria from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Sanofi and has participated in clinical trials organized by Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Sanofi. C.F. Torkildsen has served on scientific advisory board for Astra Zeneca. S. Wergeland has received honoraria from Biogen, Novartis, Janssen, and Sanofi. N.E. Gilhus has received honoraria from UCB, Ra, Argenx, Roche, Merck, Immunovant, Alexion. M.H. Bj\u00f8rk has received personal honoraria for lecturing from Teva, Lilly, Eisai, and Novartis, consultancy honoraria from Jazz pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck and Novartis, unrestricted research support from Novartis and institutional contract research fees from Sanofi.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The establishment of MoBa was based on a license from the Norwegian Data Protection Agency and approval from the Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REK). The MoBa cohort is regulated by the Norwegian Health Registry Act. Ethics approval for the current study was obtained from REK (reference 2016\/906).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for use of information in research and for data linkage was acquired during enrollment in MoBa and the MS Registry.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}