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A\u03b21-42, GFAP, and NfL were measured by SIMOA in 136 PD with 2.9\u2009+\u20091.7\u00a0years of follow-up and 76 controls. Differences in plasma levels between controls and PD and their correlation with clinical severity and progression rates were evaluated using linear regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients exhibited similar distribution of plasma biomarkers but higher P-tau181, P-tau231 and lower A\u03b21-42 compared with controls. NfL and GFAP correlated with baseline motor and non-motor severity measures. At follow-up, NfL emerged as the best predictor of progression with marginal effect of GFAP and p-tau181 adjusting for age, sex, disease duration, and baseline motor severity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The present findings confirmed plasma NfL as best predictor of progression in PD, with a marginal role of p-tau181 and GFAP.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12669-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T15:03:19Z","timestamp":1725894199000},"page":"7537-7546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Plasma NfL, GFAP, amyloid, and p-tau species as Prognostic biomarkers in Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"271","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2029-6606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Pilotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Ashton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Lupini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Battaglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Zatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Trasciatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Gipponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Cottini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Grossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"de Petro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Pizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Canale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaj","family":"Blennow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Zetterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Padovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"12669_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26913","volume":"32","author":"AJ Espay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Espay AJ, Schwarzschild MA, Tanner CM, Fernandez HH, Simon DK, Leverenz JB et al (2017) Biomarker-driven phenotyping in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a translational missing link in disease-modifying clinical trials. 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Andrea Pilotto served in the advisory board of Z-cube (technology division of Zambon pharmaceuticals); he received honoraria from Z-cube s.r.l., Biomarin, Zambon, Nutricia and Chiesi Pharmaceuticals. He received research support from Vitaflo Germany and Zambon Italy. Nicholas Ashton has no financial conflicts to disclose. Alessandro Lupini has no financial conflicts to disclose. Beatrice Battaglio has no financial conflicts to disclose. Cinzia Zatti has no financial conflicts to disclose. Chiara Trasciatti has no financial conflicts to disclose. Stefano Gipponi has no financial conflicts to disclose. Elisabetta Cottini has no financial conflicts to disclose. Ilaria Grossi has no financial conflicts to disclose. Alessandro Salvi has no financial conflicts to disclose. Giuseppina De Petro has no financial conflicts to disclose. Marina Pizzi has no financial conflicts to disclose. Antonio Canale has no financial conflicts to disclose. Kaj Blennow has no financial conflicts to disclose. Henrik Zetterberg has served at scientific advisory boards and\/or as a consultant for Abbvie, Acumen, Alector, Alzinova, ALZPath, Annexon, Apellis, Artery Therapeutics, AZTherapies, CogRx, Denali, Eisai, Nervgen, Novo Nordisk, Optoceutics, Passage Bio, Pinteon Therapeutics, Prothena, Red Abbey Labs, reMYND, Roche, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Triplet Therapeutics, and Wave, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Cellectricon, Fujirebio, Alzecure, Biogen, and Roche, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). Alessandro Padovani is consultant and served on the scientific advisory board of GE Healthcare, Eli-Lilly and Actelion Ltd Pharmaceuticals, received speaker honoraria from Nutricia, PIAM, Lansgstone Technology, GE Healthcare, Lilly, UCB Pharma, and Chiesi Pharmaceuticals. He is founded by Grant of M1.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}