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Domiziana Rinaldi: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Silvia Galli: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Alberto Romagnolo: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Roberto Erro: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Claudia Ledda: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Giulia Donzuso: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Marina Picillo: supports from the Italian Ministry of Health, the Italian Ministry of University and Fondazione della Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Neurologia. Speaker honoraria from Abbvie. Claudio Terravecchia: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Federica Agosta is Associate Editor of NeuroImage: Clinical, has received speaker honoraria from Biogen Idec, Italfarmaco, Roche, Zambon and Eli Lilly, and receives or has received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health, the Italian Ministry of University and Research, AriSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA), the European Research Council, the EU Joint Programme \u2013 Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND), and Foundation Research on Alzheimer Disease (France). Paolo Barone: research grant from M.J. Fox Foundation; Advisory Board of: Roche, UCB, Abbvie, Zambon, Bial, Chiesi. Leonardo Lopiano: speech honoraria from Zambon, Bial, Abbvie, UCB. Alessandra Nicoletti: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Massimo Filippi is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Neurology, Associate Editor of Human Brain Mapping, Neurological Sciences, and Radiology; received compensation for consulting services from Alexion, Almirall, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi; speaking activities from Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Chiesi Italia SpA, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Janssen, Merck-Serono, Neopharmed Gentili, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and TEVA; participation in Advisory Boards for Alexion, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Takeda; scientific direction of educational events for Biogen, Merck, Roche, Celgene, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lilly, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme; he receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, the Italian Ministry of Health, the Italian Ministry of University and Research, and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla. Pablo Martinez-Martin: no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Carlo Alberto Artusi: speech honoraria from Zambon, Bial, Abbvie, Lusofarmaco. No conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"Approval from the independent Research Ethics Committee of each hospital was also obtained. The study was registered in clinicaltrials.gov (n\u00b0NCT06406374). All the participants gave their written informed consent prior to enrollment.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"89"}}