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Periictal CTP findings were analyzed and correlated with clinical characteristics, laboratory results, electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns, and patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Normoperfusion was the most common CTP finding (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200954, 46.2%), followed by hypoperfusion (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200936, 30.8%) and hyperperfusion (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200927, 23.1%). Patients with CTP hyperperfusion had significantly longer hospital stays and longer SE duration (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Hyperperfusion was also more frequently associated with ictal EEG activity or lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs). Perfusion abnormalities outlining the boundaries of vascular territories were striking findings, observed in 80.9% of our patients with SE. At discharge, 70 patients (59.8%) had an unfavorable outcome, including 26 deaths (22.2%). Longer SE duration and poor treatment response were independent predictors of mortality. CTP abnormalities were not associated with SE etiology, seizure semiology, or overall functional outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CTP may serve as a useful tool for early triage in centers with limited neurophysiological resources and may help suggest nonconvulsive SE in diagnostically unclear cases. Hyperperfusion on CTP appears to reflect disease severity and prolonged seizure activity rather than brain injury. Ictal EEG patterns can be associated with both hyperperfusion and hypoperfusion. CTP abnormalities are often associated with boundaries that are not confined to vascular territories. These findings underscore the importance of integrating imaging and electrophysiological data to improve the early diagnosis and management of SE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-026-13886-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:51:43Z","timestamp":1781535103000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CT perfusion abnormalities in status epilepticus: associations with clinical characteristics, EEG, and outcome measures"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"273","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6647-4485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyla","family":"Baysal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"B\u00f6hm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Huhndorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Jensen-Kondering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils G.","family":"Margraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"13886_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107459","volume":"112","author":"M Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu M, Faure M, Bergamasco A, Spalding W, Benitez A, Moride Y, Fournier M (2020) Epidemiology of status epilepticus in the United States: a systematic review. 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NGM received a grant from the Health Ministry of Schleswig\u2013Holstein, Germany and travel grants from Eisai Pharma, Angelini Pharma, and Jazz Pharma. Lecture honoraria were given by Jazz Pharma, Angelini Pharma, LivaNova, and UCB Pharma. Financial support for a patient counseling project was granted by Jazz Pharma, Angelini Pharma, Eisai Pharma, UCB Pharma, LivaNova, and Desitin Pharma. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany (D465\/25). The study was conducted following the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The use of retrospective data was reviewed and confirmed by the Ethics Committee. The data protection guidelines were also observed. The identity of the subjects is protected. This study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of routinely collected clinical data. At the time of hospital admission, all patients provided a written broad consent allowing the use of their anonymized clinical data for research purposes. All data were analyzed in an anonymized form in accordance with institutional policies and applicable ethical regulations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"398"}}