{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T17:55:14Z","timestamp":1781373314544,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe multiple sclerosis (MS) presents challenges for clinical research due to patient mobility constraints and specialized care needs. Traditional MRI studies often exclude this population but portable, ultra-low-field (ULF) MRI at 0.064\u00a0T enables bedside imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To (i) compare ULF MRI volumetry with standard 3\u00a0T, (ii) assess the capability of portable ULF MRI in characterizing severe MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective study enrolled two cohorts. Cohort 1 included healthy controls (HC) and people with MS (pwMS). Cohort 2 enrolled individuals with progressive MS, with either severe or less severe MS. Both cohorts underwent ULF MRI while those in Cohort 1 were also scanned on 3\u00a0T MRI. Clinical assessments included disability and cognition. MRI data was processed using both conventional (e.g., SIENAX) and AI-driven (e.g., WMH-SynthSeg) techniques. Group comparisons and MRI-clinical associations were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cohort 1 included 14 HCs (39\u2009\u00b1\u200913\u00a0years, 11 females) and 33 pwMS (32\u2009\u00b1\u200910\u00a0years, 24 females). Cohort 2 included 24 severe MS individuals (62\u2009\u00b1\u200910, 15 females) and 16 less severe MS individuals (61\u00a0years\u2009\u00b1\u200911, 8 females). MRI passed quality control except for scans from 2 individuals in Cohort 2. In Cohort 1, 3\u00a0T and ULF MRI showed robust disease differences, with strongest effect sizes for ULF MRI-derived whole brain (partial \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:bold>\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:bold>\n                      0.264), cortical gray matter (GM) (partial \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:bold>\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:bold>\n                      0.234), and thalamic volumes (partial \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:bold>\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:bold>\n                      0.266) from WMH-SynthSeg. In terms of severe versus less severe disease in Cohort 2, the largest effect sizes were obtained with SIENAX-derived cortical GM volume (partial \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:bold>\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:bold>\n                      0.349) and whole brain volume (partial \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:bold>\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:bold>\n                      0.290), while WMH-SynthSeg yielded the highest effect size for WM volume (partial \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:bold>\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:bold>\n                      0.209). For clinical outcomes, associations were dependent on processing method, although SIENAX yielded the most consistent correlations in Cohort 2.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Portable, ULF MRI is feasible in pwMS and provides insights into late-stage neurodegeneration in severe MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-026-13907-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:15:26Z","timestamp":1780510526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultra-low-field MRI for bedside imaging of severe multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"273","author":[{"given":"Niels","family":"Bergsland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Burnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Bartnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferdinand","family":"Schweser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Tranquille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehak","family":"Semy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ella","family":"Schnee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suyog","family":"Pol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Young-Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana","family":"Eckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hojnacki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph H. 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