{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T21:38:04Z","timestamp":1774474684510,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,21]],"date-time":"2006-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1145577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-006-0328-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,20]],"date-time":"2006-04-20T08:26:46Z","timestamp":1145521606000},"page":"1491-1496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Improved systemic safety and risk\u2013benefit ratio of topical 0.1% timolol hydrogel compared with 0.5% timolol aqueous solution in the treatment of glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"244","author":[{"given":"Hannu","family":"Uusitalo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"K\u00e4h\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Auli","family":"Ropo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jukka","family":"M\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunilla","family":"Bj\u00e4rnhall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Hedenstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00e4in\u00f6","family":"Turjanmaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"328_CR1","first-page":"1239","volume":"11","author":"WP Boger III","year":"1979","unstructured":"Boger WP III (1979) Timolol: short term \u201cescape\u201d and long term \u201cdrift\u201d. Ann Ophthalmol 11:1239\u20131242","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"328_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-199202030-00005","volume":"2","author":"AM Brooks","year":"1992","unstructured":"Brooks AM, Gillies WE (1992) Ocular beta-blockers in glaucoma management. Clinical pharmacological aspects. Drugs Aging 2:208\u2013221","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"328_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70432-5","volume":"121","author":"K Dickstein","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dickstein K, Aarsland T (1996) Comparison of the effects of aqueous and gellan ophthalmic timolol on peak exercise performance in middle-aged men. Am J Ophthalmol 121:367\u2013371","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"328_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(01)01181-3","volume":"132","author":"K Dickstein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dickstein K, Hapnes R, Aarsland T (2001) Comparison of aqueous and gellan ophthalmic timolol with placebo on the 24-hour heart rate response in patients on treatment for glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 132:626\u2013631","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"328_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-112-2-120","volume":"112","author":"DE Everitt","year":"1990","unstructured":"Everitt DE, Avorn J (1990) Systemic effects of medications used to treat glaucoma. Ann Int Med 112:120\u2013125","journal-title":"Ann Int Med"},{"key":"328_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/00132580-200111000-00007","volume":"3","author":"WH Frishman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Frishman WH, Kowalski M, Nagnur S, Warshafsky S, Sica D (2001) Cardiovascular considerations in using topical, oral, and intravenous drugs for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension: focus on beta-adrenergic blockade. Heart Dis 3:386\u2013397","journal-title":"Heart Dis"},{"key":"328_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00160-9","volume":"128","author":"SS Hayreh","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hayreh SS, Podhajsky P, Zimmerman MB (1999) Beta-blocker eyedrops and nocturnal arterial hypotension. Am J Ophthalmol 128:301\u2013309","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"328_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-197917010-00002","volume":"17","author":"RC Heel","year":"1979","unstructured":"Heel RC, Brodgen RN, Speight TM, Avery GS (1979) Timolol: a review of its therapeutic efficacy in the topical treatment of glaucoma. Drugs 17:38\u201355","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"328_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1159\/000310682","volume":"210","author":"H Mayer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mayer H, von der Ohe N (1996) Efficacy of a novel hydrogel formulation in human volunteers. Ophthalmologica 210:101\u2013103","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"328_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90532-5","volume":"102","author":"WL Nelson","year":"1985","unstructured":"Nelson WL, Fraunfelder FT, Sills JM, Arrowsmith JB, Kuritsky JN (1985) Adverse respiratory and cardiovascular events attributed to timolol ophthalmic solution, 1978\u20131985. Am J Ophthalmol 102:606\u2013611","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"328_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-097X.2002.00430.x","volume":"22","author":"J Ni\u00f1o","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ni\u00f1o J, Tahvanainen K, Uusitalo H, Turjanmaa V, Hutri-K\u00e4h\u00f6nen N, Kaila T, Ropo A, Kuusela T, K\u00e4h\u00f6nen M (2002) Cardiovascular effects of ophthalmic 0.5% timolol aqueous solution and 0.1% timolol hydrogel. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 22:271\u2013278","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"328_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1159\/000067548","volume":"216","author":"JF Rouland","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rouland JF, Morel-Mandrino P, Elena PP, Polzer H, Sunder Raj P (2002) Timolol 0.1% gel (Nyogel 0.1%) once daily versus conventional timolol 0.5% solution twice daily: a comparison of efficacy and safety. Ophthalmologica 216:449\u2013454","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"328_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76213-0","volume":"112","author":"D Silverstone","year":"1991","unstructured":"Silverstone D, Zimmerman T, Choplin N, Mundorf T, Rose A, Stoecker J, Kelley E, Lue J (1991) Evaluation of once-daily levobunolol 0.25% and timolol 0.25% therapy for increased intraocular pressure. Am J Ophthalmol 112:56\u201360","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"328_CR14","first-page":"115","volume":"73","author":"B Thylefors","year":"1995","unstructured":"Thylefors B, N\u00e9grel AD, Pararajasegaram R, Dadzie KY (1995) Global data on blindness. Bull World Health Organ 73:115\u2013121","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"328_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00562.x","volume":"83","author":"H Uusitalo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Uusitalo H, Ni\u00f1o J, Tahvanainen K, Turjanmaa V, Ropo A, Tuominen J, K\u00e4h\u00f6nen M (2005) Efficacy and systemic side effects of topical 0.5% timolol aqueous solution and 0.1% timolol hydrogel. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 83:723\u2013728","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-006-0328-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-006-0328-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-006-0328-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T19:30:41Z","timestamp":1559071841000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-006-0328-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,21]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,8]]}},"alternative-id":["328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-006-0328-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,21]]}}}