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Thinning of retinal layers and loss of retinal cells under silicone oil use have been found. Here, we investigate the influence of silicone oil on primary microglia cells.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Primary microglia cells were prepared from the porcine retina. Microglia identity was assessed with Iba1 staining. Silicone oil was emulsified by sonification. Cell morphology and silicone oil uptake were evaluated by light microscopy after Coomassie blue staining. Cytokine secretion was evaluated with ELISA. Toxicity of silicone oil on microglia and toxic effect of silicone oil\u2013treated microglia on neuronal cell line PC12 were evaluated by MTT or WST assay, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Microglia took up silicone oil droplets after 72 h of incubation. Silicone oil induced no toxicity but increased the metabolism in microglial cells. In addition, the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, but not of IL-1\u00df or TNF-\u03b1, was induced. Silicone oil\u2013treated microglia did not exert any neurotoxic effect on differentiated PC12 cells but induced an increase in metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Emulsified silicone oil changes the activity level of microglia and induces the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8. Neurotoxicity is not induced. Further experiments are required to investigate the long-term effect of silicone oil on microglia and their consequent effect on neuronal cells.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-020-04763-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]],"date-time":"2020-06-04T23:02:46Z","timestamp":1591311766000},"page":"1965-1974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Emulsified silicone oil is taken up by and induces pro-inflammatory response in primary retinal microglia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"258","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2709-1059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexa","family":"Klettner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Harms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicki","family":"Waetzig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Tode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantine","family":"Purtskhvanidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Roider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4763_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(87)90176-0","volume":"104","author":"KH Lucke","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lucke KH, Foerster MH, Laqua H (1987) Long-term results of vitrectomy and silicone oil in 500 cases of complicated retinal detachments. 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