{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T15:43:49Z","timestamp":1789573429145,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-020-04842-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T08:09:31Z","timestamp":1595405371000},"page":"2363-2372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Evaluation of retinal neurovascular structures by optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus without clinical sign of diabetic retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"258","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5453-6041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Semra Tiryaki","family":"Demir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Ucar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gizem Kara","family":"Elitok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Egemen","family":"Karatas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Karapapak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oguz Kaan","family":"Kutucu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saniye Uke","family":"Uzun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"Guven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"4842_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2012.36.2.90","volume":"36","author":"M Rewers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rewers M (2012) Challenges in diagnosing type 1 diabetes in different populations. Diabetes Metab J 36:90\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4093\/dmj.2012.36.2.90","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J"},{"key":"4842_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15814","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52354-8","volume":"9","author":"YI Shin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shin YI, Nam KY, Lee SE, Lee MW, Lim HB, Jo YJ, Kim JY (2019) Peripapillary microvasculature in patients with diabetes mellitus: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. Sci Rep 9:15814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-52354-8","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4842_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.11.063","volume":"13","author":"SM Ng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ng SM, Ayoola OO, McGuigan MP, Chandrasekaran S (2019) A multicentre study evaluating the risk and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in children and young people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 13:744\u2013746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.11.063","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"4842_CR4","first-page":"217","volume":"10","author":"GP Forlenza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Forlenza GP, Stewart MW (2013) Diabetic retinopathy in children. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 10:217\u2013226","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Rev"},{"key":"4842_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.04.035","volume":"207","author":"RF Spaide","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spaide RF (2019) Measurable aspects of the retinal neurovascular unit in diabetes, glaucoma, and controls. Am J Ophthalmol 207:395\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.04.035","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4842_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-015-4856-x","volume":"58","author":"AJ Barber","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barber AJ (2015) Diabetic retinopathy: recent advances towards understanding neurodegeneration and vision loss. Sci China Life Sci 58:541\u2013549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11427-015-4856-x","journal-title":"Sci China Life Sci"},{"key":"4842_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5074","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24891","volume":"59","author":"S Vujosevic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vujosevic S, Muraca A, Gatti V, Masoero L, Brambilla M, Cannillo B, Villani E, Nucci P, De Cill\u00e0 S (2018) Peripapillary microvascular and neural changes in diabetes mellitus: an OCT-angiography study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 59:5074\u20135081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-24891","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4842_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6455","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20215","volume":"57","author":"J Tavares Ferreira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tavares Ferreira J, Alves M, Dias-Santos A, Costa L, Santos BO, Cunha JP, Papoila AL, Abeg\u00e3o Pinto L (2016) Retinal neurodegeneration in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57:6455\u20136460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.16-20215","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4842_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8091409","volume":"8","author":"R Sacconi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sacconi R, Casaluci M, Borrelli E, Mulinacci G, Lamanna F, Gelormini F, Carnevali A, Querques L, Zerbini G, Bandello F, Querques G (2019) Multimodal imaging assessment of vascular and neurodegenerative retinal alterations in type 1 diabetic patients without fundoscopic signs of diabetic retinopathy. J Clin Med 8:8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8091409","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4842_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Grasbeck TC, Gra\u00a8sbeck SV, Miettinen PJ, Summanen PA (2016) Fundus photography as a screening method for diabetic retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes: outcome of the initial photography. Am J Ophthalmol 169:227\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.06.037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.06.037"},{"key":"4842_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25499","volume":"60","author":"T Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li T, Jia Y, Wang S, Wang A, Gao L, Yang C, Zou H (2019) Retinal microvascular abnormalities in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus without visual impairment or diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 60:990\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-25499","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2018","key":"4842_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078531","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1078531","volume":"26","author":"P Ruiz-Oca\u00f1a","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ruiz-Oca\u00f1a P, Espinoza Requena P, Alonso-Ojembarrena A, Alemany M\u00e1rquez P, Jim\u00e9nez Carmona S, Lechuga-Sancho AM (2018) Decreased retinal thickness in type 1 diabetic children with signs of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Int J Endocrinol 26(2018):1078531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/1078531","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"4842_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.51.3.170","volume":"51","author":"JM Tanner","year":"1976","unstructured":"Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH (1976) Clinical longitudinal standards for height, weight, height velocity, weight velocity, and stages of puberty. Arch Dis Child 51:170\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.51.3.170","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"4842_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5548","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-2203","volume":"58","author":"ST Garrity","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garrity ST, Iafe NA, Phasukkijwatana N, Chen X, Sarraf D (2017) Quantitative analysis of three distinct retinal capillary plexuses in healthy eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 58:5548\u20135555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.17-2203","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4842_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.2002.800503.x","volume":"80","author":"TA Ciulla","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ciulla TA, Harris A, Latkany P, Piper HC, Arend O, Garzozi H, Martin B (2002) Ocular perfusion abnormalities in diabetes. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 80:468\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1600-0420.2002.800503.x","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"4842_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2012.03588.x","volume":"29","author":"AM Shahidi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shahidi AM, Sampson GP, Pritchard N, Edwards K, Vagenas D, Russell AW, Malik RA, Efron N (2012) Retinal nerve fibre layer thinning associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabet Med 29:e106\u2013e111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2012.03588.x","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"4842_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5355","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19988","volume":"57","author":"D El-Fayoumi","year":"2016","unstructured":"El-Fayoumi D, Badr Eldine NM, Esmael AF, Ghalwash D, Soliman HM (2016) Retinal nerve Fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thicknesses are reduced in children with type 1 diabetes with no evidence of vascular retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57:5355\u20135360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.16-19988","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4842_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12667","volume":"101","author":"K Tekin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tekin K, Inanc M, Kurnaz E, Bayramoglu E, Aydemir E, Koc M, Kiziltoprak H, Aycan Z (2018) Quantitative evaluation of early retinal changes in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus without retinopathy. Clin Exp Optom 101:680\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cxo.12667","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"4842_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-017-0996-8","volume":"54","author":"A Carnevali","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carnevali A, Sacconi R, Corbelli E, Tomasso L, Querques L, Zerbini G, Scorcia V, Bandello F, Querques G (2017) Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of retinal vascular plexuses and choriocapillaris in patients with type 1 diabetes without diabetic retinopathy. Acta Diabetol 54:695\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00592-017-0996-8","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"4842_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Karti O, Nalbantoglu O, Abali S, Ayhan Z, Tunc S, Kusbeci T, Ozkan B (2017) Retinal ganglion cell loss in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 48:473\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/23258160-20170601-05","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20170601-05"},{"key":"4842_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0186479","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186479","volume":"12","author":"J Go\u0142\u0119biewska","year":"2017","unstructured":"Go\u0142\u0119biewska J, Olechowski A, Wysocka-Mincewicz M, Odrobina D, Baszy\u0144ska-Wilk M, Groszek A, Szalecki M, Hautz W (2017) Optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density in children with type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 12:e0186479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0186479","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4842_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-019-04264-8","volume":"257","author":"M Niestrata-Ortiz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Niestrata-Ortiz M, Fichna P, Stankiewicz W, Stopa M (2019) Enlargement of the foveal avascular zone detected by optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic children without diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 257:689\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-019-04264-8","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4842_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.04.011","volume":"207","author":"M Inanc","year":"2019","unstructured":"Inanc M, Tekin K, Kiziltoprak H, Ozalkak S, Doguizi S, Aycan Z (2019) Changes in retinal microcirculation precede the clinical onset of diabetic retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Am J Ophthalmol 207:37\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.04.011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4842_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e751","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13404","volume":"95","author":"JM Simonett","year":"2017","unstructured":"Simonett JM, Scarinci F, Picconi F, Giorno P, De Geronimo D, Di Renzo A, Varano M, Frontoni S, Parravano M (2017) Early microvascular retinal changes in optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Acta Ophthalmol 95:e751\u2013e755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.13404","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4842_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12112","volume":"15","author":"YH Cho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cho YH, Craig ME, Donaghue KC (2014) Puberty as an accelerator for diabetes complications. Pediatr Diabetes 15:18\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pedi.12112","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-020-04842-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-020-04842-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-020-04842-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T23:47:09Z","timestamp":1626911229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-020-04842-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4842"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-020-04842-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 July 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from parents of all participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}