{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T12:18:46Z","timestamp":1782994726169,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Unrestricted Grant to the Stein Eye Institute"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Unrestricted Grant to the Stein Eye Institute"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of brimonidine tartrate 0.025% ophthalmic solution on pupil size under scotopic conditions in healthy adults<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pupil size was measured in 56 eyes of 28 volunteer participants using a pupillometer under scotopic conditions. Age, gender, and iris color were recorded. Subjects using any ophthalmic medications other than artificial tears were excluded. The pupil size was subsequently measured again under scotopic conditions 60\u00a0min after instillation of brimonidine tartrate 0.025% ophthalmic solution.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Statistically significant miosis was seen after instillation of brimonidine tartrate 0.025% (p\u2009=\u20090.04). Average pupil size prior to brimonidine 0.025% instillation was 7.28\u2009\u00b1\u20091.05\u00a0mm, and average pupil size after instillation of brimonidine 0.025% was 6.36\u2009\u00b1\u20091.68\u00a0mm, a reduction of\u2009\u2212\u200923.7% in pupil area. Subjects with light irides demonstrated a greater miotic effect than subjects with dark irides (1.55\u00a0mm vs. 0.67\u00a0mm, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), with a pupil area reduction of\u2009\u2212\u200937.6% and\u2009\u2212\u200917.4%, respectively. The amount of miosis was independent of initial pupil size.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Brimonidine tartrate 0.025% causes significant miosis in scotopic settings, although the effect is not as great in darker colored eyes. Further studies are needed to determine the latency and duration of the effect and whether the amount of miosis is clinically significant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05297-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T04:02:56Z","timestamp":1626062576000},"page":"3333-3338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of over-the-counter brimonidine tartrate 0.025% ophthalmic solution on pupil size in healthy adults"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"259","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8554-946X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitra","family":"Nejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn R.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda H.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Landig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Al-Hashimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"5297_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.02.043","volume":"30","author":"A Kesler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kesler A, Shamesh G, Rothkoff L, Lazar M (2004) Effect of brimonidine tartrate 0.2% ophthalmic solution of pupil size. 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