{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:58:40Z","timestamp":1764784720795,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05345-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T10:03:31Z","timestamp":1629281011000},"page":"247-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of topical low-dose preservative-free hydrocortisone on intraocular pressure in patients affected by ocular surface disease with and without glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"260","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1950-0200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Filippelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7663-8874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"dell\u2019Omo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gelso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Bartollino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6044-7486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Napolitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1884-9171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Campagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8477-6188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Costagliola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"99","key":"5345_CR1","first-page":"S1","volume":"30","author":"RC Khanna","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khanna RC (2017) Ocular surface disorders. Community Eye Health J 30(99):S1\u2013S2","journal-title":"Community Eye Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5345_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.023","volume":"126","author":"EK Akpek","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akpek EK, Amescua G, Farid M, Garcia-Ferrer FJ, Lin A, Rhee MK et al (2019) American Academy of Ophthalmology Preferred Practice Pattern Cornea and External Disease Panel. Dry Eye Syndrome Preferred Practice Pattern\u00ae. Ophthalmology 126(1):P286\u2013P334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.023","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"5345_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.08.003","volume":"15","author":"JP Craig","year":"2017","unstructured":"Craig JP, Nelson JD, Azar DT, Belmonte C, Bron AJ, Chauhan SK et al (2017) TFOS DEWS II Report Executive Summary. Ocul Surf 15(4):802\u2013812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.08.003","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"5345_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"No Authors (2007) The epidemiology of dry eye disease: report of the Epidemiology Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop .Ocul Surf 5(2):93\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1542-0124(12)70082-4","DOI":"10.1016\/s1542-0124(12)70082-4"},{"key":"5345_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01117","volume":"10","author":"M Lanza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lanza M, GironiCarnevale UA, Mele L, BifaniSconocchia M, Bartollino S, Costagliola C (2019) Morphological and functional evaluation of oral citicoline therapy in chronic open-angle glaucoma patients: a pilot study with a 2-year follow-up. Front Pharmacol 10:1117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.01117","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5345_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.10.002","volume":"65","author":"C Costagliola","year":"2020","unstructured":"Costagliola C, dell\u2019Omo R, Agnifili L, Bartollino S, Fea AM, Uva MG, Zeppa L, Mastropasqua L (2020) How many aqueous humor outflow pathways are there? Surv Ophthalmol 65(2):144\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.10.002","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5345_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"European Glaucoma Society Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 4th edition - chapter 2: classification and terminology Supported by the EGS Foundation: Part 1: Foreword; Introduction; Glossary; Chapter 2 Classification and Terminology. (2017) Br J Ophthalmol 101(5):73\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-EGSguideline.002","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-EGSguideline.002"},{"issue":"4","key":"5345_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.03.001","volume":"29","author":"C Baudouin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baudouin C, Labb\u00e9 A, Liang H, Pauly A, Brignole-Baudouin F (2010) Preservatives in eyedrops: the good, the bad and the ugly. Prog Retin Eye Res 29(4):312\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.03.001","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"5345_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.11259","volume":"32","author":"SDI Staso","year":"2018","unstructured":"Staso SDI, Agnifili L, Ciancaglini M, Murano G, Borrelli E, Mastropasqua L (2018) In vivo scanning laser confocal microscopy of conjunctival goblet cells in medically-controlled glaucoma. In Vivo 32(2):437\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/invivo.11259","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"issue":"7","key":"5345_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13814","volume":"48","author":"I Mohammed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mohammed I, Kulkarni B, Faraj LA, Abbas A, Dua HS, King AJ (2020) Profiling ocular surface responses to preserved and non-preserved topical glaucoma medications: a 2-year randomized evaluation study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 48(7):973\u2013982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ceo.13814","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5345_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.17925\/EOR.2014.08.01.40","volume":"8","author":"GCM Rossi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rossi GCM (2014) Diagnosis and treatment methods for ocular surface disease in glaucoma. European Ophthalmic Review 8(1):40\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17925\/EOR.2014.08.01.40","journal-title":"European Ophthalmic Review"},{"key":"5345_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01240","volume":"10","author":"C Bucolo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bucolo C, Fidilio A, Fresta CG, Lazzara F, Platania CBM, Cantarella G et al (2019) Ocular pharmacological profile of hydrocortisone in dry eye disease. Front Pharmacol 10:1240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.01240","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"5345_CR13","unstructured":"Feroze KB, Khazaeni L (2021) Steroid Induced Glaucoma. 2021 Jul 17. In: StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL)"},{"issue":"1","key":"5345_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-019-01137-8","volume":"37","author":"M Kallab","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kallab M, Szegedi S, Hommer N, Stegmann H, Kaya S, Werkmeister RM, Schmidl D, Schmetterer L, Garh\u00f6fer G (2020) Topical low dose preservative-free hydrocortisone reduces signs and symptoms in patients with chronic dry eye: a randomized clinical trial. Adv Ther 37(1):329\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12325-019-01137-8 (Erratum.In:AdvTher.2019Dec10)","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"5345_CR15","first-page":"222","volume":"15","author":"AL Southren","year":"1976","unstructured":"Southren AL, Altman K, Vittek J, Boniuk V, Gordon GG (1976) Steroid metabolism in ocular tissues of the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol 15(3):222\u2013228","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5345_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)77735-9","volume":"85","author":"MG Doane","year":"1978","unstructured":"Doane MG, Jensen AD, Dohlman CH (1978) Penetration routes of topically applied eye medications. A J Ophthalmol 85:383\u2013386","journal-title":"A J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5345_CR17","first-page":"2435","volume":"15","author":"X Jin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jin X, Qin Q, Tu L, Qu J (2009) Glucocorticoids inhibit the innate immune system of human corneal fibroblast through their suppression of toll-like receptors. Mol Vis 15:2435\u201341","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"issue":"9","key":"5345_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680903067919","volume":"34","author":"T Gao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gao T, Lin Z, Jin X (2009) Hydrocortisone suppression of the expression of VEGF may relate to toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and 4. Curr Eye Res 34(9):777\u2013784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713680903067919","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"5345_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2017.06.21","volume":"10","author":"AR Allocco","year":"2017","unstructured":"Allocco AR, Ponce JA, Riera MJ, Magurno MG (2017) Critical pathway for primary open angle glaucoma diagnosis. Int J Ophthalmol 10(6):968\u2013972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2017.06.21","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"5345_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.03.045","volume":"120","author":"PM Mathews","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mathews PM, Ramulu PY, Friedman DS, Utine CA, Akpek EK (2013) Evaluation of ocular surface disease in patients with glaucoma. Ophthalmology 120(11):2241\u20132248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.03.045","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"5345_CR21","unstructured":"Steven AJ (2010) Sample sizes for clinical trials. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. A Chapman & Hall Book"},{"issue":"3","key":"5345_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi187","volume":"162","author":"MM Glymour","year":"2005","unstructured":"Glymour MM, Weuve J, Berkman LF, Kawachi I, Robins JM (2005) When is baseline adjustment useful in analyses of change? An example with education and cognitive change. Am J Epidemiol 162(3):267\u2013278","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5345_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00125404","volume":"27","author":"PJ Barnes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barnes PJ (2006) Corticosteroid effects on cell signalling. Eur Respir J 27(2):413\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.06.00125404","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"36","key":"5345_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14616","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1309898110","volume":"110","author":"R Gupte","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gupte R, Muse GW, Chinenov Y, Adelman K, Rogatsky I (2013) Glucocorticoid receptor represses proinflammatory genes at distinct steps of the transcription cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110(36):14616\u201314621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1309898110","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"16","key":"5345_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050541","volume":"353","author":"T Rhen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rhen T, Cidlowski JA (2005) Antiinflammatory action of glucocorticoids\u2013new mechanisms for old drugs. N Engl J Med 353(16):1711\u20131723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra050541","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5345_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-016-0315-8","volume":"33","author":"JD Sheppard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sheppard JD, Comstock TL, Cavet ME (2016) Impact of the topical ophthalmic corticosteroid loteprednol etabonate on intraocular pressure. Adv Ther 33(4):532\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12325-016-0315-8","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"5345_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701895","volume":"20","author":"JP Kersey","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kersey JP, Broadway DC (2006) Corticosteroid-induced glaucoma: a review of the literature. Eye (Lond) 20(4):407\u2013416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.eye.6701895","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"2","key":"5345_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1159\/000328630","volume":"47","author":"MR Razeghinejad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Razeghinejad MR, Katz LJ (2012) Steroid-induced iatrogenic glaucoma. Ophthalmic Res 47(2):66\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000328630","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5345_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.08.011","volume":"124","author":"MR Razeghinejad","year":"2011","unstructured":"Razeghinejad MR, Myers JS, Katz LJ (2011) Iatrogenic glaucoma secondary to medications. Am J Med 124(1):20\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.08.011","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"5345_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560903300103","volume":"10","author":"C Costagliola","year":"2009","unstructured":"Costagliola C, dell\u2019Omo R, Romano MR, Rinaldi M, Zeppa L, Parmeggiani F (2009) Pharmacotherapy of intraocular pressure: part I. Parasympathomimetic, sympathomimetic and sympatholytics. Expert Opin Pharmacother 10(16):2663\u20132677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14656560903300103","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"5345_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1963.00960050484010","volume":"70","author":"MF Armaly","year":"1963","unstructured":"Armaly MF (1963) Effect of corticosteroids on intraocular pressure and fluid dynamics. i. the effect of dexamethasone in the normal eye. Arch Ophthalmol 70:482\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.1963.00960050484010","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5345_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1963.00960050502012","volume":"70","author":"B Becker","year":"1963","unstructured":"Becker B, Mills DW (1963) Corticosteroids and intraocular pressure. Arch Ophthalmol 70:500\u2013507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.1963.00960050502012","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5345_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icu.0000193079.55240.18","volume":"17","author":"R Jones 3rd","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jones R 3rd, Rhee DJ (2006) Corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension and glaucoma: a brief review and update of the literature. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 17(2):163\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.icu.0000193079.55240.18","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05345-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05345-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05345-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T14:25:57Z","timestamp":1642515957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05345-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05345-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0721-832X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1435-702X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 July 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was approved by the scientific technical committee of the University of Molise (CTS 11\/2019).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants prior to participation.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Obtained.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}