{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T22:54:04Z","timestamp":1771455244021,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012940","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum T\u00fcbingen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012940","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical and morphological characteristics of epiretinal membrane (ERM)-Foveoschisis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Medical charts of 2088 patients diagnosed with idiopathic ERM were screened and eyes with ERM-Foveoschisis were included. All eyes underwent a complete ophthalmological examination including spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). OCT features and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were analysed. ERM-Foveoschisis was defined as <jats:italic>open, closed, elevated<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>flat<\/jats:italic> based on the OCT features. Ellipsoidal zone (EZ) abnormality, intraretinal cystoid spaces, central foveal thickness (CFT), posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and lens status were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>One hundred-sixty-six patients (175 eyes) (72% female, mean age 70.46\u00a0years) were included. Incidence of ERM-Foveoschisis was 6.7%. <jats:italic>Open<\/jats:italic> type was seen in 86.8% and had a significantly better mean BCVA than <jats:italic>closed<\/jats:italic> type (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). No statistically significant difference of mean BCVA was noted between the <jats:italic>elevated<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>flat<\/jats:italic> types. Mean BCVA was significantly lower in eyes with EZ abnormality (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) and eyes with intraretinal cystoid spaces (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02). Patients with \u2018closed\u2019 ERM-Foveoschisis showed a significant higher median CFT than \u2018open\u2019 ERM-Foveoschisis (respectively, 364\u00a0\u00b5m and 176\u00a0\u00b5m, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A total of 81.9% eyes had PVD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We differentiated four morphological types of ERM-Foveoschisis based on the OCT examination. <jats:italic>Closed<\/jats:italic> ERM-Foveoschisis presented with a higher CFT and lower BCVA than the <jats:italic>open<\/jats:italic> type. ERM-Foveoschisis with cystoid intraretinal spaces presented with a lower BCVA. The impact of the morphological types of the ERM-Foveoschisis on the clinical course and for therapy decision requires further long-term studies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-022-05940-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T05:02:46Z","timestamp":1672203766000},"page":"1579-1585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical characteristics of patients with epiretinal membrane-Foveoschisis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"Annegret","family":"Hetzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faik","family":"Gelisken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"5940_CR1","first-page":"231","volume":"73","author":"JD Gass","year":"1975","unstructured":"Gass JD (1975) Lamellar macular hole: a complication of cystoid macular edema after cataract extraction: a clinicopathologic case report. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 73:231\u2013250","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"5940_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(96)30377-1","volume":"103","author":"JR Wilkins","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wilkins JR, Puliafito CA, Hee MR, Duker JS, Reichel E, Coker JG, Schuman JS, Swanson EA, Fujimoto JG (1996) Characterization of epiretinal membranes using optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmology 103:2142\u20132151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0161-6420(96)30377-1","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"5940_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.10.014","volume":"122","author":"SM Meuer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meuer SM, Myers CE, Klein BE, Swift MK, Huang Y, Gangaputra S, Pak JW, Danis RP, Klein R (2015) The epidemiology of vitreoretinal interface abnormalities as detected by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography: the beaver dam eye study. Ophthalmology 122:787\u2013795. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.10.014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"5940_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.04.007","volume":"52","author":"RG Mirza","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mirza RG, Johnson MW, Jampol LM (2007) Optical coherence tomography use in evaluation of the vitreoretinal interface: a review. Surv Ophthalmol 52:397\u2013421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.04.007","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1159\/000313814","volume":"224","author":"S Wolf","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wolf S, Wolf-Schnurrbusch U (2010) Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography use in macular diseases: a review. Ophthalmologica 224:333\u2013340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000313814","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"5940_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.07.042","volume":"120","author":"JS Duker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Duker JS, Kaiser PK, Binder S, de Smet MD, Gaudric A, Reichel E, Sadda SR, Sebag J, Spaide RF, Stalmans P (2013) The International Vitreomacular Traction Study Group classification of vitreomacular adhesion, traction, and macular hole. Ophthalmology 120:2611\u20132619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.07.042","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"5940_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.6.744","volume":"117","author":"A Gaudric","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gaudric A, Haouchine B, Massin P, Paques M, Blain P, Erginay A (1999) Macular hole formation: new data provided by optical coherence tomography. Arch Ophthalmol 117:744\u2013751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.117.6.744","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.06.088","volume":"138","author":"B Haouchine","year":"2004","unstructured":"Haouchine B, Massin P, Tadayoni R, Erginay A, Gaudric A (2004) Diagnosis of macular pseudoholes and lamellar macular holes by optical coherence tomography. Am J Ophthalmol 138:732\u2013739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.06.088","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.02.008","volume":"164","author":"A Govetto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Govetto A, Dacquay Y, Farajzadeh M, Platner E, Hirabayashi K, Hosseini H, Schwartz SD, Hubschman JP (2016) Lamellar macular hole: two distinct clinical entities? Am J Ophthalmol 164:99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.02.008","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.10.047","volume":"113","author":"AJ Witkin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Witkin AJ, Ko TH, Fujimoto JG, Schuman JS, Baumal CR, Rogers AH, Reichel E, Duker JS (2006) Redefining lamellar holes and the vitreomacular interface: an ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography study. Ophthalmology 113:388\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.10.047","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"5940_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315432","volume":"104","author":"JP Hubschman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hubschman JP, Govetto A, Spaide RF, Schumann R, Steel D, Figueroa MS, Sebag J, Gaudric A, Staurenghi G, Haritoglou C, Kadonosono K, Thompson JT, Chang S, Bottoni F, Tadayoni R (2020) Optical coherence tomography-based consensus definition for lamellar macular hole. Br J Ophthalmol 104:1741\u20131747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315432","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-016-3545-1","volume":"255","author":"E Zampedri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zampedri E, Romanelli F, Semeraro F, Parolini B, Frisina R (2017) Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography findings in idiopathic lamellar macular hole. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 255:699\u2013707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-016-3545-1","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0247509","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247509","volume":"16","author":"T Omoto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Omoto T, Asahina Y, Zhou HP, Fujino R, Takao M, Obata R, Inoue T, Asaoka R, Maruyama-Inoue M, Yanagi Y, Kadonosono K (2021) Visual outcomes and prognostic factors of vitrectomy for lamellar macular holes and epiretinal membrane foveoschisis. PLoS ONE 16:e0247509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0247509","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5940_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-021-00297-6","volume":"7","author":"I Chehaibou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chehaibou I, Philippakis E, Mane V, Lavia C, Couturier A, Gaudric A, Tadayoni R (2021) Surgical outcomes in patients with lamellar macular holes selected based on the optical coherence tomography consensus definition. Int J Retina Vitreous 7:31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40942-021-00297-6","journal-title":"Int J Retina Vitreous"},{"key":"5940_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01818-1","author":"K Nakamura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nakamura K, Inoue T, Nagura K, Tanaka Y, Arasaki R, Asaoka R, Yanagi Y, Maruyama-Inoue M, Kadonosono K (2021) Foveal microstructure and visual function in patients with lamellar macular hole, epiretinal membrane foveoschisis or macular pseudohole. Eye (Lond). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-021-01818-1","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"5940_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-317982","author":"M Lam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lam M, Philippakis E, Gaudric A, Tadayoni R, Couturier A (2021) Postoperative outcomes of idiopathic epiretinal membrane associated with foveoschisis. Br J Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-317982","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702786","volume":"22","author":"Q You","year":"2008","unstructured":"You Q, Xu L, Jonas JB (2008) Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in adult Chinese: the Beijing eye study. Eye (Lond) 22:874\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.eye.6702786","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"5940_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182733f25","volume":"33","author":"KZ Aung","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aung KZ, Makeyeva G, Adams MK, Chong EW, Busija L, Giles GG, English DR, Hopper J, Baird PN, Guymer RH, Robman LD (2013) The prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membranes: the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Retina 33:1026\u20131034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182733f25","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"5940_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-1295","volume":"45","author":"S Fraser-Bell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fraser-Bell S, Ying-Lai M, Klein R, Varma R, Los Angeles Latino Eye S (2004) Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in latinos: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45:1732\u20131736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.03-1295","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"5940_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-008-0927-z","volume":"247","author":"PG Theodossiadis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Theodossiadis PG, Grigoropoulos VG, Emfietzoglou I, Nikolaidis P, Vergados I, Apostolopoulos M, Theodossiadis GP (2009) Evolution of lamellar macular hole studied by optical coherence tomography. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 247:13\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-008-0927-z","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-014-9975-z","volume":"35","author":"V Konidaris","year":"2015","unstructured":"Konidaris V, Androudi S, Alexandridis A, Dastiridou A, Brazitikos P (2015) Optical coherence tomography-guided classification of epiretinal membranes. Int Ophthalmol 35:495\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-014-9975-z","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90589-1","volume":"101","author":"H Hirokawa","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hirokawa H, Jalkh AE, Takahashi M, Takahashi M, Trempe CL, Schepens CL (1986) Role of the vitreous in idiopathic preretinal macular fibrosis. Am J Ophthalmol 101:166\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90589-1","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.72.9.692","volume":"72","author":"S de Bustros","year":"1988","unstructured":"de Bustros S, Thompson JT, Michels RG, Rice TA, Glaser BM (1988) Vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membranes causing macular pucker. Br J Ophthalmol 72:692\u2013695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.72.9.692","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(82)90189-1","volume":"94","author":"RJ Sidd","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sidd RJ, Fine SL, Owens SL, Patz A (1982) Idiopathic preretinal gliosis. Am J Ophthalmol 94:44\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9394(82)90189-1","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"5940_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1159\/000496297","volume":"242","author":"R Frisina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Frisina R, Parrozzani R, Pilotto E, Midena E (2019) A double inverted flap surgical technique for the treatment of idiopathic lamellar macular hole associated with atypical epiretinal membrane. Ophthalmologica 242:49\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000496297","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"5940_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002326","volume":"39","author":"MS Figueroa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Figueroa MS, Govetto A, Steel DH, Sebag J, Virgili G, Hubschman JP (2019) Pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of tractional and degenerative lamellar macular holes: functional and anatomical results. Retina 39:2090\u20132098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002326","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"5940_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05486-5","volume":"260","author":"F Hagenau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hagenau F, Luft N, Nobl M, Vogt D, Klaas JE, Schworm B, Siedlecki J, Kreutzer TC, Priglinger SG (2022) Improving morphological outcome in lamellar macular hole surgery by using highly concentrated autologous platelet-rich plasma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 260:1517\u20131524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05486-5","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-022-05940-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-022-05940-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-022-05940-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T11:04:45Z","timestamp":1684494285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-022-05940-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["5940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-022-05940-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 November 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the by the ethical committee of Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen under the reference number: 177\/2020BO2 and adhered to the declarations of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The corresponding author attests that all listed authors meet authorship criteria and that no others meeting the criteria have been omitted.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}