{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T11:57:33Z","timestamp":1772798253394,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["7232192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7232192"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2020YFC2008200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2008200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study aimed to compare the anatomic and functional results of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)-guided half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) versus indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)-guided PDT in eyes with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>One hundred and thirty-one eyes of 131 patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) were recruited, and randomly assigned to the OCTA-guided group and ICGA-guided group. The primary outcome measures were the rates of complete subretinal fluid (SRF) resolution at 1\u00a0month, 3\u00a0months, and 6\u00a0months. The secondary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), choroidal capillary flow deficit density at each scheduled visit, and recurrence rate of SRF at 3\u00a0months and 6\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There were 110 eyes that finished the follow-up, with 56 eyes in the OCTA-guided group and 54 eyes in the ICGA guided group. OCTA-guided PDT was demonstrated to be noninferior to ICGA-guided PDT for SRF resolution rate at 1\u00a0months and 6\u00a0months (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037), but not at 3\u00a0months for acute CSC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.247). The average CRT of the ICGA-guided group was significantly lower than that of the OCTA-guided group at 3-month visit (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046), but no significant difference was found between them at the 1-month and 6-month visits (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.891 and 0.527). There was no significant difference between the two groups for BCVA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.359, 0.700, and 0.143, respectively) and the deficit area on CC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.537, 0.744,and 0.604, respectively) at 1, 3, and 6\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>OCTA may replace ICGA to guide PDT for the treatment of acute CSC and their follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06147-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T10:14:52Z","timestamp":1687428892000},"page":"3149-3158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Optical coherence tomography angiography\u2013guided vs indocyanine green angiography\u2013guided half-dose photodynamic therapy for acute central serous chorioretinopathy: 6-month randomized trial results"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"Siying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiyang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zongyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9975-1602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingwei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"6147_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200512000-00006","volume":"25","author":"CM Eandi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eandi CM, Ober M, Iranmanesh R, Peiretti E, Yannuzzi LA (2005) Acute central serous chorioretinopathy and fundus autofluorescence. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa) 25:989\u2013993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006982-200512000-00006","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"6147_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.05.003","volume":"48","author":"A Daruich","year":"2015","unstructured":"Daruich A, Matet A, Dirani A, Bousquet E, Zhao M, Farman N, Jaisser F, Behar-Cohen F (2015) Central serous chorioretinopathy: recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis. Prog Retin Eye Res 48:82\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.05.003","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"6147_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200202000-00004","volume":"22","author":"RH Loo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Loo RH, Scott IU, Flynn HW Jr, Gass JD, Murray TG, Lewis ML, Rosenfeld PJ, Smiddy WE (2002) Factors associated with reduced visual acuity during long-term follow-up of patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa) 22:19\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006982-200202000-00004","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"6147_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.06.026","volume":"112","author":"MD Ober","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ober MD, Yannuzzi LA, Do DV, Spaide RF, Bressler NM, Jampol LM, Angelilli A, Eandi CM, Lyon AT (2005) Photodynamic therapy for focal retinal pigment epithelial leaks secondary to central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmology 112:2088\u20132094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.06.026","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"6147_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.04.014","volume":"115","author":"WM Chan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chan WM, Lai TY, Lai RY, Liu DT, Lam DS (2008) Half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy for acute central serous chorioretinopathy: one-year results of a randomized controlled trial. Ophthalmology 115:1756\u20131765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.04.014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"6147_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31303-0","volume":"101","author":"M Hope-Ross","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hope-Ross M, Yannuzzi LA, Gragoudas ES, Guyer DR, Slakter JS, Sorenson JA, Krupsky S, Orlock DA, Puliafito CA (1994) Adverse reactions due to indocyanine green. Ophthalmology (Rochester, Minn) 101:529\u2013533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31303-0","journal-title":"Ophthalmology (Rochester, Minn)"},{"key":"6147_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5229","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17140","volume":"56","author":"MM Teussink","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teussink MM, Breukink MB, van Grinsven MJ, Hoyng CB, Klevering BJ, Boon CJ, de Jong EK, Theelen T (2015) OCT angiography compared to fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56:5229\u20135237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.15-17140","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"6147_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0000000000001064","volume":"36","author":"SY Chan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chan SY, Wang Q, Wei WB, Jonas JB (2016) Optical coherence tomographic angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa) 36:2051\u20132058. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iae.0000000000001064","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"6147_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6149","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42623-x","volume":"9","author":"J Hu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hu J, Qu J, Piao Z, Yao Y, Sun G, Li M, Zhao M (2019) Optical coherence tomography angiography compared with indocyanine green angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy. Sci Rep 9:6149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-42623-x","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6147_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0000000000002795","volume":"41","author":"J Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu J, Qu J, Li M, Sun G, Piao Z, Liang Z, Yao Y, Sadda S, Zhao M (2021) Optical coherence tomography angiography-guided photodynamic therapy for acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa) 41:189\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iae.0000000000002795","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"6147_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.07.023","volume":"170","author":"RF Spaide","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spaide RF (2016) Choriocapillaris flow features follow a power law distribution: implications for characterization and mechanisms of disease progression. Am J Ophthalmol 170:58\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.07.023","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6147_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2019.07.003","volume":"73","author":"TJ van Rijssen","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Rijssen TJ, van Dijk EHC, Yzer S, Ohno-Matsui K, Keunen JEE, Schlingemann RO, Sivaprasad S, Querques G, Downes SM, Fauser S, Hoyng CB, Piccolino FC, Chhablani JK, Lai TYY, Lotery AJ, Larsen M, Holz FG, Freund KB, Yannuzzi LA, Boon CJF (2019) Central serous chorioretinopathy: towards an evidence-based treatment guideline. Prog Retinal Eye Res 73:100770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2019.07.003","journal-title":"Prog Retinal Eye Res"},{"key":"6147_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Treatment of age-related macular degeneration with photodynamic therapy (TAP) Study Group (1999) Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with verteporfin: one-year results of 2 randomized clinical trials\u2014TAP report. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill : 1960) 117:1329\u20131345.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.117.10.1329","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.10.1329"},{"key":"6147_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000051","volume":"22","author":"A Rouvas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rouvas A, Stavrakas P, Theodossiadis PG, Stamatiou P, Milia M, Giannakaki E, Datseris I (2012) Long-term results of half-fluence photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Eur J Ophthalmol 22:417\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5301\/ejo.5000051","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6147_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.09.034","volume":"122","author":"K Fujita","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fujita K, Imamura Y, Shinoda K, Matsumoto CS, Mizutani Y, Hashizume K, Mizota A, Yuzawa M (2015) One-year outcomes with half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmology 122:555\u2013561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.09.034","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"6147_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.5312","volume":"133","author":"M Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao M, Zhang F, Chen Y, Dai H, Qu J, Dong C, Kang X, Liu Y, Yang L, Li Y, Zhou P, Pan CT, Zhang L, Liu P, Zhou H, Jiao X, Xiong Y, Tian R, Lu Y, Yu X, Li X (2015) A 50% vs 30% dose of verteporfin (photodynamic therapy) for acute central serous chorioretinopathy: one-year results of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA ophthalmology 133:333\u2013340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.5312","journal-title":"JAMA ophthalmology"},{"key":"6147_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134783","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/134783","volume":"2015","author":"E Costanzo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Costanzo E, Cohen SY, Miere A, Querques G, Capuano V, Semoun O, El Ameen A, Oubraham H, Souied EH (2015) Optical coherence tomography angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy. J Ophthalmol 2015:134783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/134783","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6147_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0000000000002092","volume":"39","author":"J Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu J, Jiang C, Xu G (2019) Correlations between changes in photoreceptor layer and other clinical characteristics in central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa) 39:1110\u20131116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iae.0000000000002092","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"6147_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100973","volume":"86","author":"RF Spaide","year":"2022","unstructured":"Spaide RF, Gemmy Cheung CM, Matsumoto H, Kishi S, Boon CJF, van Dijk EHC, Mauget-Faysse M, Behar-Cohen F, Hartnett ME, Sivaprasad S, Iida T, Brown DM, Chhablani J, Maloca PM (2022) Venous overload choroidopathy: a hypothetical framework for central serous chorioretinopathy and allied disorders. Prog Retin Eye Res 86:100973\u2013100973. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100973","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"6147_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2018.01.015","volume":"21","author":"A Demircan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Demircan A, Yesilkaya C, Alkin Z (2018) Early choriocapillaris changes after half-fluence photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography: Preliminary results. Photodiagn Photodyn Ther 21:375\u2013378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2018.01.015","journal-title":"Photodiagn Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"6147_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alovisi C, Piccolino FC, Nassisi M, Eandi CM (2020) Choroidal structure after half-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Journal of clinical medicine\u00a09(9):2734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9092734","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092734"},{"key":"6147_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nassisi M, Lavia C, Alovisi C, Musso L, Eandi CM (2017) Short-term choriocapillaris changes in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy after half-dose photodynamic therapy. International journal of molecular sciences\u00a018(11):2468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms18112468","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112468"},{"key":"6147_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Demirel S, \u00d6zcan G, Yan\u0131k \u00d6, Bat\u0131o\u011flu F, \u00d6zmert E (2019) Vascular and structural alterations of the choroid evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography and optical coherence tomography after half-fluence photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 257: 905\u2013912. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-018-04226-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-018-04226-6"},{"key":"6147_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316076","volume":"105","author":"M Ho","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ho M, Lai FHP, Ng DSC, Iu LPL, Chen LJ, Mak ACY, Yip Y, Cheung C, Young AL, Brelen M (2021) Analysis of choriocapillaris perfusion and choroidal layer changes in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy randomised to micropulse laser or photodynamic therapy. Br J Ophthalmol 105:555\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316076","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6147_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1159\/000456676","volume":"237","author":"Y Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu Y, Su Y, Li L, Qi H, Zheng H, Chen C (2017) Effect of photodynamic therapy on optical coherence tomography angiography in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmol J Int d\u2019ophtalmologie Int J Ophthalmol Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde 237:167\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000456676","journal-title":"Ophthalmol J Int d'ophtalmologie Int J Ophthalmol Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde"},{"key":"6147_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2017.1416414","volume":"33","author":"V Matu\u0161kov\u00e1","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matu\u0161kov\u00e1 V, Vyslou\u017eilov\u00e1 D, Uher M (2018) Half-fluence photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: predisposing factors for visual acuity outcomes. Seminars in Ophthalmol 33:690\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08820538.2017.1416414","journal-title":"Seminars in Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-023-06147-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-023-06147-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-023-06147-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T09:06:05Z","timestamp":1697706365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-023-06147-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["6147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-023-06147-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee Review Board of Peking University People\u2019s Hospital (2020PHB250-01). Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}