{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T11:37:14Z","timestamp":1783942634165,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019084","name":"Kobe University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019084","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This pilot study aims to comprehensively evaluate the effects of sub-Tenon\u2019s injection of triamcinolone acetonide (STTA) on glycemic control in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) using professional continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study analyzed changes in glycemic control in 20 patients with type 2 mellitus and DME following single STTA (20\u00a0mg\/0.5\u00a0mL) using The FreeStyle Libre Pro system. Professional CGM provides core CGM metrics such as the percentage of time that glucose levels fall within a target range and include the time in range (TIR) (70\u2013180\u00a0mg\/dL), time above range (TAR) (&gt;\u2009180\u00a0mg\/dL), and time below range (TBR) (&lt;\u200970\u00a0mg\/dL). Outcome measures were the changes in CGM metrics (TIR, TAR and TBR) and the percentage of patients in whom TAR increased by at least 10 percentage points (ppt) 4\u00a0days before to 4\u00a0days after STTA administration.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The mean CGM metrics (TIR\/TAR\/TBR) were 75.5%\/19.9%\/4.4% 4\u00a0days before STTA and 73.7%\/22.4%\/3.5% 4\u00a0days after STTA; the metrics 4\u00a0days before and 4\u00a0days after STTA were not significantly different (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.625 for TIR, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.250 for TAR, and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.375 for TBR). TAR increased by more than 10 ppt in four (20%) patients treated with sulfonylurea and\/or insulin.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although there were no significant changes in the CGM metrics, four patients developed CGM-measured hyperglycemia after STTA for DME.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06275-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T07:02:08Z","timestamp":1697871728000},"page":"449-456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Continuous glucose monitoring metrics following sub-Tenon\u2019s injection of triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic macular edema"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Rei","family":"Sotani-Ogawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6458-539X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sentaro","family":"Kusuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushi","family":"Hirota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Matsumiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"6275_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.04.007","volume":"125","author":"TY Wong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wong TY, Sun J, Kawasaki R, Ruamviboonsuk P, Gupta N, Lansingh VC, Maia M, Mathenge W, Moreker S, Muqit MMK, Resnikoff S, Verdaguer J, Zhao P, Ferris F, Aiello LP, Taylor HR (2018) Guidelines on Diabetic Eye Care: The International Council of Ophthalmology Recommendations for Screening, Follow-up, Referral, and Treatment Based on Resource Settings. 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Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine (permission number: B210299).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Since the analysis was retrospective, a waiver of informed consent was granted.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Sentaro Kusuhara\u2014although the corresponding author is the editor of the journal, there was no involvement with the peer review process for this article.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}