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This sub-analysis examined data from ophthalmology clinics in Germany to provide more precise insights into treatment patterns, outcomes, and clinical decision-making related to CsA 0.1% CE.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Study data were collected from adults starting CsA 0.1% CE (one drop in both eyes at bedtime) and followed up at Week 4, 12, and 24, and Month 12. The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline in corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score (Oxford Grade Scale) at Month 12. Secondary endpoints examined the severity of ocular signs and symptoms, and adverse events (AEs).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 236 patients from 20 ophthalmology clinics in Germany participated in the PERSPECTIVE study (69.9% female; mean age 60.8\u00a0years). Following treatment with CsA 0.1% CE, patients experienced significant reductions in CFS score from Week 4, which were maintained through to Month 12 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). From baseline, 81.6% of patients experienced an improvement in CFS score at Month 12. CsA 0.1% CE provided significant reductions in the severity of eyelid and conjunctival erythema at Month 12 compared with baseline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), as well as significant reductions in the severity of subjective ocular symptoms (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.015). Safety data were consistent with the known safety profile of CsA 0.1% CE. Tolerability was rated as \u201csatisfactory,\u201d \u201cgood,\u201d or \u201cvery good\u201d by 97.2% of physicians and 95.7% of patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Outcomes in Germany were similar to those reported for the overall European study population and are indicative of the treatment results that ophthalmologists may expect to see with CsA 0.1% CE treatment in real-life clinical practice. Treatment with CsA 0.1% CE provided long-term improvements over 12\u00a0months and was generally well tolerated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-024-06414-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T07:02:25Z","timestamp":1715238145000},"page":"3261-3271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Real-world insights and outcomes related to ciclosporin A 0.1% cationic emulsion for the long-term treatment of dry eye disease in Germany: Country-level sub-analysis of the PERSPECTIVE study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"262","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2850-8976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ines","family":"Lanzl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph M E","family":"Deuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1755-7396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrin","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2034-3687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerd","family":"Geerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the PERSPECTIVE German study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"6414_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008","volume":"15","author":"JP Craig","year":"2017","unstructured":"Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK et al (2017) TFOS DEWS II definition and classification report. 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Messmer (Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich), Arthur Mueller (Klinik f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Augsburg, Augsburg), Thomas Neuhann (MVZ Professor Neuhann, GmbH, Munich), Berthold Seitz (Universitaetsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg), Martin Spitzer (Universit\u00e4tsklinikums Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg), Hagen Thieme (Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t, Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Magdeburg A.\u00f6.R., Magdeburg), Christian van Oterendorp (University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Department of Ophthalmology, G\u00f6ttingen), Manfred Zierhut (Augenklinik des Universit\u00e4tsklinikums T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen). For the full list of investigators, please refer to the primary study article [].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"The PERSPECTIVE German study group"}},{"value":"The PERSPECTIVE study was a 12-month, European, prospective, non-interventional, multicenter, observational cohort study. In line with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) requirements, the study was registered under the European Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance (ENCePP<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>) European Union electronic Register of Post-Authorisation Studies (EU PAS Register) (EU PAS Register Number: EUPAS22376). All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the participating institutions and with the principles of the World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 as revised in 2013. The protocol was centrally approved by the Institutional Review Board or Independent Ethics Committee at the University of W\u00fcrzburg ahead of study initiation (reference: 304\/16-mk). All other centers\/institutions followed this approval and are listed alongside the relevant investigator in the PERSPECTIVE Germany study group section above. This study did not involve animal research.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study prior to their enrollment.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Ines Lanzl has received speaker fees from Allergan, Bayer, Novartis, Santen, Shire, and Th\u00e9a Pharma. Christoph Deuter has received speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Novartis, Santen, Th\u00e9a Pharma, and honoraria for consulting from Alimera and Santen. Katrin Lorenz has received a research grant from Santen. Gerd Geerling has received a research grant and honoraria for consulting and presenting study results on behalf of Santen, as well as Allergan, Bausch & Lomb, Domp\u00e9\u00a0Farmaceutici, Holostem, Leica Microsystems, Med1Ventures, Novartis, Oculus, Sun Pharma, Tearlab, Tear Science, Th\u00e9a Pharma, and Visufarma.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}