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However, direct interactions between these features have not been investigated so far. Therefore, we aimed to analyze associations between the retinal functional hyperemic response to light stimulation and the thickness of individual neuroretinal layers in eyes with early non-proliferative DR.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thirty patients with type 1 diabetes featuring mild (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) or moderate (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) non-proliferative DR and 14 healthy subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. Retinal vessel diameters were measured before and during illumination with flickering light using a dynamic vessel analyzer. Individual layer thickness in the macula was analyzed from spectral domain optical coherence tomography.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Flicker light-induced vessel dilation was significantly reduced in patients compared to healthy controls (veins: 3.0% vs. 6.1%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; arteries: 1.3% vs. 5.1%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). Univariately, the response in retinal veins of diabetes patients correlated significantly with ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010), and negatively with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=-0.41, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023) and age (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=-0.38, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037), but not with baseline diameters, glucose levels, or diabetes duration. In a multiple regression model only GCL thickness (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017, \u03b2\u2009=\u20090.42) and HbA1c (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045, \u03b2=-0.35) remained significantly associated with the vascular flicker light response.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results indicate that thinner GCL and worse glycemic control both contribute to reduced retinal neurovascular coupling in patients with clinical signs of DR. Progression of neurovascular dysfunction in DR might be related to structural degeneration of the neurovascular complex in the inner retina.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-024-06552-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T11:01:34Z","timestamp":1718449294000},"page":"3761-3771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Associations of retinal neurovascular dysfunction with inner retinal layer thickness in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"262","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0569-0229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berthold","family":"Pemp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Palkovits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Sacu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doreen","family":"Schmidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Garh\u00f6fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopold","family":"Schmetterer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Schmidt-Erfurth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"6552_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6293","volume":"52","author":"AJ Barber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barber AJ, Gardner TW, Abcouwer SF (2011) The significance of vascular and neural apoptosis to the pathology of diabetic retinopathy. 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The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth is a scientific consultant for Heidelberg Engineering; all other authors have no competing financial interests in relation to the work described.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Financial interests"}}]}}