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En-face 4.5\u2009\u00d7\u20094.5\u00a0mm OCT angiography scans of the RPC plexus were recorded and VD values, automatically provided by the AngioAnalytics\u2122 software, noted. We statistically estimated the impact of age and gender on RPC VD values using a linear mixed model.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>560 subjects fully met inclusion criteria and, according to age, were stratified into 5 groups: 18\u201350\u00a0years (77), 51\u201360\u00a0years (160), 61\u201370\u00a0years (110), 71\u201380\u00a0years (132), and\u2009\u2265\u200981\u00a0years (81). Overall, mean RPC VD of the whole en-face image was 53.03\u2009\u00b1\u20094.27%. Age was significantly related to RPC VD values of whole en-face image (r\u2009=\u2009-0.454; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), which decreased with aging. The linear mixed model disclosed that age has a statistically significant effect on RPC VD values in whole en-face image (p\u2009=\u20090.0006). As age increases, RPC VD values decrease by 0.12 per year. Conversely, no significant gender-related differences were found in terms of RPC VD values of whole en-face image and each parapapillary quadrant analyzing all age group.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Results show that RPC VD values in healthy Caucasian subjects decrease with aging. These data may be used to create a reference normative database useful for clinical use.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Key messages<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:list list-type=\"simple\">\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>What is known<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p> Radial peripapillary capillary\u00a0(RPC) plexus, consisting of long parallel capillaries with rare bifurcations and anastomosis and extending straight along the course of the retinal nerve fiber layer to the posterior pole, may be affected early in some optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>What is new<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p> This study reports RPC vascular density (VD) values, automatically measured on optical coherence tomography angiography, in healthy Caucasian subjects, demonstrating that age is negatively related to RPC VD values.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p> Results show that RPC VD values in healthy Caucasian subjects decrease with aging. These data may be used to create a reference normative database useful for clinical use.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n              <\/jats:list>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-024-06623-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T08:03:45Z","timestamp":1725005025000},"page":"97-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Vascular density normative data of radial peripapillary capillary plexus in healthy Caucasian subjects"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"263","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6341-1435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Serra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Angius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Rallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Marongiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenore","family":"Launer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Gorospe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Schlessinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Coscas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Fiorillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Cucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"6623_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michaelson I (1954) Retinal circulation in man and animals. 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Ethical approval was provided by the Regional Ethical Committee of ASSLL of Sassari\u00a0(protocol no. 2171\/CE, Italy).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers\u2019 bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}