{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:44:27Z","timestamp":1790729067952,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-025-06876-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T06:07:46Z","timestamp":1750226866000},"page":"2857-2866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The effect of digital devices screen use on intraocular pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"263","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Arman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadi","family":"Vahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Jafarizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Moshfeghinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Talebnezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9612-0936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Heydari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Razeghinejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"6876_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas G, Bennie JA, De Cocker K et al. (2020) A descriptive epidemiology of screen-based devices by children and adolescents: a scoping review of 130 surveillance studies since 2000. Child Ind Res 13:935\u2013950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12187-019-09663-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12187-019-09663-1"},{"key":"6876_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mullan K (2018) Technology and children\u2019s screen-based activities in the UK: the story of the millennium so far.\u00a0Child Ind\u00a0Res 11:1781\u20131800.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12187-017-9509-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s12187-017-9509-0"},{"key":"6876_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101452","volume":"48","author":"M Trott","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trott M, Driscoll R, Irlado E, Pardhan S (2022) Changes and correlates of screen time in adults and children during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 48:101452","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"6876_CR4","unstructured":"New WHO guidance: very limited daily screen time recommended for children under 5 2019. Available from: https:\/\/www.aoa.org\/news\/clinical-eye-care\/public-health\/screen-time-for-children-under-5?sso=y"},{"issue":"2","key":"6876_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.49","volume":"7","author":"T Panova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Panova T, Carbonell X (2018) Is smartphone addiction really an addiction? J Behav Addict 7(2):252\u2013259","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"6876_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.05.002","volume":"37","author":"NA Cheever","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheever NA, Rosen LD, Carrier LM, Chavez A (2014) Out of sight is not out of mind: the impact of restricting wireless mobile device use on anxiety levels among low, moderate and high users. Comput Hum Behav 37:290\u2013297","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"6876_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijer.2020.101618","volume":"103","author":"S Amez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amez S, Baert S (2020) Smartphone use and academic performance: A literature review. Int J Educational Res 103:101618","journal-title":"Int J Educational Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6876_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18802","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55406-1","volume":"9","author":"EJ Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee EJ, Kim H (2019) Effect of smartphone use on intraocular pressure. Sci Rep 9(1):18802","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"67","key":"6876_CR9","first-page":"202","volume":"18","author":"P Pattrawan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pattrawan P, Tanapat R, Rungthip P, Orawan B, Wichai E (2020) Comparison of intraocular pressure changes after viewing laptop computer and tablet computer: a pilot study. Geomate J 18(67):202\u2013207","journal-title":"Geomate J"},{"issue":"10","key":"6876_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0206061","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206061","volume":"13","author":"A Ha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ha A, Kim YK, Park YJ, Jeoung JW, Park KH (2018) Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone. PLoS One 13(10):e0206061","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"6876_CR11","unstructured":"Glaucoma (2023) Glaucoma Care at the Golden Gate and Beyond: The American Academy of Ophthalmology 2023 Nov 3"},{"issue":"1","key":"6876_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07090-x","volume":"12","author":"CH Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin CH, Lin HC, Chen CY, Lih CC (2022) Variations in intraocular pressure and visual parameters before and after using mobile virtual reality glasses and their effects on the eyes. Sci Rep 12(1):3176","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"6876_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e806","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(21)00135-7","volume":"3","author":"J Foreman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Foreman J, Salim AT, Praveen A, Fonseka D, Ting DSW, Guang He M et al (2021) Association between digital smart device use and myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Digit Health 3(12):e806\u2013e818","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"6876_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372:n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"6876_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","volume":"5","author":"SP Hozo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I (2005) Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC Med Res Methodol 5(1):13","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6876_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-314467","volume":"104","author":"A Ha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ha A, Kim YK, Kim JS, Jeoung JW, Park KH (2020) Changes in intraocular pressure during reading or writing on smartphones in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 104(5):623\u2013628","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6876_CR17","unstructured":"Singh K, Chandna H, Chug J (2021) Effect of mobile phone on intra-ocular pressure in mobile phone users-a preliminary report. Int J Basic Appl Physiol 10(1):42\u201347"},{"issue":"3","key":"6876_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002314","volume":"33","author":"RM Srivastava","year":"2024","unstructured":"Srivastava RM, Agrawal S, Amrin N, Bharti D (2024) Intraocular pressure changes while reading smartphone digital text versus printed text in healthy individuals and those with Glaucoma. J Glaucoma 33(3):189\u2013194","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"7","key":"6876_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001510","volume":"29","author":"J Vera","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vera J, Redondo B, Molina R, C\u00e1rdenas D, Jim\u00e9nez R (2020) Acute intraocular pressure responses to reading: the influence of body position. J Glaucoma 29(7):581\u2013586","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"4","key":"6876_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.18502\/jovr.v17i4.12350","volume":"17","author":"M Pakravan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pakravan M, Samaeili A, Esfandiari H, Hassanpour K, Hooshmandi S, Yazdani S et al (2022) The influence of near vision tasks on intraocular pressure in normal subjects and Glaucoma patients. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 17(4):497\u2013504","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"6876_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2023.01.011","volume":"46","author":"H Zhuang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhuang H, Zheng NX, Lin L (2023) Watching intense movies increase IOP of primary open angle glaucoma patients: A prospective study. J Fr Ophtalmol 46(8):882\u2013895","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6876_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.208","volume":"28","author":"L Yan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yan L, Huibin L, Xuemin L (2014) Accommodation-induced intraocular pressure changes in progressing myopes and emmetropes. Eye (Lond) 28(11):1334\u20131340","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"6876_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-017-0684-2","volume":"38","author":"G Baser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Baser G, Karahan E, Bilgin S, Unsal U (2018) Evaluation of the effect of daily activities on intraocular pressure in healthy people: is the 20 mmhg border safe? Int Ophthalmol 38(5):1963\u20131967","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6876_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2009.12.002","volume":"55","author":"TS Prata","year":"2010","unstructured":"Prata TS, De Moraes CG, Kanadani FN, Ritch R, Paranhos A Jr (2010) Posture-induced intraocular pressure changes: considerations regarding body position in glaucoma patients. Surv Ophthalmol 55(5):445\u2013453","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6876_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.11.024","volume":"119","author":"M Malihi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Malihi M, Sit AJ (2012) Effect of head and body position on intraocular pressure. Ophthalmology 119(5):987\u2013991","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"6876_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2014.967311","volume":"58","author":"S Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee S, Kang H, Shin G (2015) Head flexion angle while using a smartphone. Ergonomics 58(2):220\u2013226","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"issue":"10","key":"6876_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.60.10.687","volume":"60","author":"MR Jain","year":"1976","unstructured":"Jain MR, Marmion VJ (1976) Rapid pneumatic and Mackey-Marg applanation tonometry to evaluate the postural effect on intraocular pressure. Br J Ophthalmol 60(10):687\u2013693","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6876_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1159\/000307479","volume":"171","author":"G Krieglstein","year":"1975","unstructured":"Krieglstein G, Langham ME (1975) Influence of body position on the intraocular pressure of normal and glaucomatous eyes. Ophthalmologica 171(2):132\u2013145","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"issue":"12","key":"6876_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.06.014","volume":"113","author":"T Kiuchi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kiuchi T, Motoyama Y, Oshika T (2006) Relationship of progression of visual field damage to postural changes in intraocular pressure in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. Ophthalmology 113(12):2150\u20132155","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"6876_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001616","volume":"97","author":"C Talens-Estarelles","year":"2020","unstructured":"Talens-Estarelles C, Sanchis-Jurado V, Esteve-Taboada JJ, Pons \u00c1M, Garc\u00eda-L\u00e1zaro S (2020) How do different digital displays affect the ocular surface? Optom Vis Sci 97(12):1070\u20131079","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"6876_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4311","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S252889","volume":"14","author":"MDR S\u00e1nchez-Valerio","year":"2020","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Valerio MDR, Mohamed-Noriega K, Zamora-Ginez I, Baez Duarte BG, Vallejo-Ruiz V (2020) Dry eye disease association with computer exposure time among subjects with computer vision syndrome. Clin Ophthalmol 14:4311\u20134317","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6876_CR32","first-page":"303","volume":"52","author":"S Gowrisankaran","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gowrisankaran S, Sheedy JE (2015) Computer vision syndrome: A review. Work 52(2):303\u2013314","journal-title":"Work"},{"issue":"1","key":"6876_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e318264cd68","volume":"23","author":"R Batra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Batra R, Tailor R, Mohamed S (2014) Ocular surface disease exacerbated glaucoma: optimizing the ocular surface improves intraocular pressure control. J Glaucoma 23(1):56\u201360","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"6876_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2020.100916","volume":"83","author":"C Baudouin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baudouin C, Kolko M, Melik-Parsadaniantz S, Messmer EM (2021) Inflammation in glaucoma: from the back to the front of the eye, and beyond. Prog Retin Eye Res 83:100916","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"6876_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Preto S, Caramelo Gomes C (2019) Glaucoma and Short-Wavelength Light Sensitivity (Blue Light), pp 56\u201367","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94373-2_7"},{"key":"6876_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659288","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.659288","volume":"12","author":"H Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang H, Liu B, Fang J (2021) Stress and problematic smartphone use severity: smartphone use frequency and fear of missing out as mediators. Front Psychiatry 12:659288","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"6876_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2018.11.005","volume":"62","author":"JD Elhai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Elhai JD, Levine JC, Hall BJ (2019) The relationship between anxiety symptom severity and problematic smartphone use: A review of the literature and conceptual frameworks. J Anxiety Disord 62:45\u201352","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"6876_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2024.07.004","volume":"7","author":"NS Ferreira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ferreira NS, Costa VP, Miranda JF, Cintra LO, Barbosa LS, Barbosa da Silva MG et al (2024) Psychological stress and intraocular pressure in glaucoma: A randomized controlled trial. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 7(6):518\u2013530","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"key":"6876_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2022.01.017","volume":"239","author":"T Dada","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dada T, Mondal S, Midha N, Mahalingam K, Sihota R, Gupta S et al (2022) Effect of Mindfulness-Based stress reduction on intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension: A randomized control trial. Am J Ophthalmol 239:66\u201373","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6876_CR40","first-page":"596","volume":"34","author":"J Gallar","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gallar J, Liu JH (1993) Stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerves increases intraocular pressure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 34(3):596\u2013605","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"6876_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1989.72","volume":"3","author":"LP Lanigan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lanigan LP, Clark CV, Hill DW (1989) Intraocular pressure responses to systemic autonomic stimulation. Eye (Lond) 3(Pt 4):477\u2013483","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"6876_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17091","volume":"57","author":"CY Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park CY, Lee JK, Kahook MY, Schultz JS, Zhang C, Chuck RS (2016) Revisiting ciliary muscle tendons and their connections with the trabecular meshwork by two photon excitation microscopic imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57(3):1096\u20131105","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"6876_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2016.12.004","volume":"57","author":"T Carreon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carreon T, van der Merwe E, Fellman RL, Johnstone M, Bhattacharya SK (2017) Aqueous outflow - A continuum from trabecular meshwork to episcleral veins. Prog Retin Eye Res 57:108\u2013133","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6876_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02937546","volume":"167","author":"L Cassidy","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cassidy L, Delaney Y, Fitzpatrick P, Blake J (1998) Effect of accommodation on intraocular pressure in glaucomatous eyes. Ir J Med Sci 167(1):17\u201318","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"6876_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624179","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.624179","volume":"7","author":"N Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang N, Wang J, Chen B, Li Y, Jiang B (2020) Prevalence of primary angle closure Glaucoma in the last 20 years: A Meta-Analysis and systematic review. Front Med (Lausanne) 7:624179","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"4","key":"6876_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000889","volume":"27","author":"S Chansangpetch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chansangpetch S, Huang G, Coh P, Oldenburg C, Amoozgar B, He M et al (2018) Differences in optic nerve head, retinal nerve Fiber layer, and ganglion cell complex parameters between caucasian and chinese subjects. J Glaucoma 27(4):350\u2013356","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"4","key":"6876_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00424-0","volume":"136","author":"M Shimmyo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shimmyo M, Ross AJ, Moy A, Mostafavi R (2003) Intraocular pressure, goldmann applanation tension, corneal thickness, and corneal curvature in caucasians, asians, hispanics, and african americans. Am J Ophthalmol 136(4):603\u2013613","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6876_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20120102-03","volume":"43","author":"B Qin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Qin B, Tang M, Li Y, Zhang X, Chu R, Huang D (2012) Anterior segment dimensions in asian and caucasian eyes measured by optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 43(2):135\u2013142","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"6876_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2011.02658.x","volume":"40","author":"D Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang D, He M, Wu L, Yaplee S, Singh K, Lin S (2012) Differences in iris structural measurements among american caucasians, american chinese and mainland chinese. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 40(2):162\u2013169","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"6876_CR50","first-page":"1845","volume":"103","author":"S Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan S, Guo T, Chen B, Xiong J, Havens S, Gulati V et al (2019) Differences in ocular biometrics and aqueous humour dynamics between chinese and caucasian adults. Br J Ophthalmol 103(12):1845\u20131849","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6876_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.04.041","volume":"121","author":"J Chua","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chua J, Tham YC, Liao J, Zheng Y, Aung T, Wong TY et al (2014) Ethnic differences of intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness: the singapore epidemiology of eye diseases study. Ophthalmology 121(10):2013\u20132022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"6876_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Belamkar A, Harris A, Oddone F, Verticchio Vercellin A, Fabczak-Kubicka A, Siesky B (2022) Asian race and primary open-angle glaucoma: where do we stand? J Clin Med 11(9):2486.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11092486","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11092486"},{"issue":"12","key":"6876_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2022.2047229","volume":"65","author":"F Sarraf","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sarraf F, Varmazyar S (2022) Comparing the effect of the posture of using smartphones on head and neck angles among college students. Ergonomics 65(12):1631\u20131638","journal-title":"Ergonomics"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06876-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06876-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06876-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T09:00:55Z","timestamp":1762160455000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06876-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["6876"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06876-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not required, as this meta-analysis used only previously published data without involving human participants or identifiable personal information.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human participants and\/or animals"}},{"value":"No conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of potential Conflicts of interest"}}]}}